Those who first encountered such a concept as a poem analysis plan should not panic. This, at first glance, terrible and incomprehensible "beast" has long been invented, compiled and structured by smart and caring people. It is enough just to look in the literature - and here it is, a plan for analyzing a poem, moreover, of any one.
To finally clarify everything and not confuse anything, let's figure out how it should look.
Any work analysis plan consists of four points. True, the fourth paragraph contains six more subparagraphs, one of which also consists of several additional fads. But you should not be afraid, everything is strictly distributed, so you just need to follow all the points in order.
First of all, you should indicate the author and title of the poem. Next comes the history of the creation of the work: when it was written, for what reason, to whom it is dedicated, etc. If the author belongs to any literary movement (acmeist, futurist, modernist, etc.), then quotes should be selected in the text indicating this. In general, quoting should be used more often, so as not to be considered unfounded,prove your idea. After indicating the theme, plot, main idea, we proceed to the next stage - the standard plan for analyzing the poem. He requires a detailed list of the artistic means by which this very basic idea is revealed. We start with the rhythm (iambic, trochee, anapaest, amphibrach, dactyl, dolnik, vers libre), then we indicate whether there are interruptions in the rhythm, whether they carry an additional semantic load. We indicate which rhyme is here - cross, pair or ring. List the tropes, that is, words and expressions that are used not in a direct, but in a figurative sense (epithet, allegory, hyperbole, litote, personification, metaphor).
Next, find in the poem and list various stylistic figures (refrain, antithesis, gradation, inversion) and poetic phonetics (alliteration, assonance, anaphora, epiphora).
Further, the plan for analyzing poems requires you to indicate what vocabulary the author uses - everyday, literary, journalistic. Whether he uses archaisms (obsolete words) or neologisms (new words that have appeared recently). Then tell us about the image of the lyrical hero, how it relates to the author, the narration is conducted on behalf of the author himself, from a third person or some fictional character. In addition, indicate whether the author himself plays any role in the work, whether he is real or identifies himself with a fictional character.
Lastly, the analysis plan of the poem contains a paragraph in which the literary direction of the work should be indicated (romanticism, realism,acmeism, futurism, modernism, avant-gardism, etc.). Then the genre is indicated - elegy, ode, poem, epigram, ballad, sonnet, novel in verse, etc.
Here, in fact, the whole standard plan for the analysis of the poem - everything is quite simple. However, if you come across literature for the first time, then it is better to find such a plan directly with examples and follow them, correcting them for your work.
