In the Russian language there is a morphemic law of spelling of words. This means that all significant parts of the word are written the same way. However, there are many exceptions to this law: these are words borrowed from other languages and have lost their history of origin. Thus, an opposition was formed in orthography: dictionary words and checked words. We must remember some of them, and use the rules to spell others.
Checkable and unverifiable root consonants: the main difference
To check the consonant in the root, you need to find a test word in which this letter would be in a strong position. It is for consonants - before a vowel. If the selection of such a word is possible, this is definitely a verifiable spelling. Consider an example:
- pole - pillars;
- spoon - spoon;
- mowing - mow.
Besides, it should be mentioned that there is no concept of "unchecked unstressed consonants at the root of a word". Examples with such phenomena do not exist in Russian.
Consonants at the end of words or before other letters denoting sounds that have a pair of deafness-voiced.
If it is impossible to check, then such a spelling is simply remembered. For example, let's take three words with an unverifiable consonant in the root:
- station;
- football;
- backpack.
These are dictionary words. All of them are foreign in origin. The forms of these words and cognates reproduce their basics in an unchanged form: station, football, in a backpack - it is impossible to check, just remember or look in a dictionary.
Memory words starting with A
Usually dictionary words are given alphabetically. Let's stick to tradition and do the same.
- Appeal - a document with a request to cancel the earlier decision of the court.
- Apparatus - equipment, a set of organs that perform a specific function.
- Appendicitis is an inflammatory process associated with the process of the caecum (appendix).
- Appetite is the desire to eat.
- Application - an image of pieces of paper or any other material.
- Artillery - guns that fire projectiles.
- Assessor - a person in office.
- Asymmetry is a violation of symmetry.
- Assembly - assembly.
- Allocate - allocate money for targeted spending.
- Assimilate - become like someone or something.
- Assistant - assistant specialist.
- Assorted - a selection of similar, but somewhat different items.
- Assortment - the availability of goods, services.
- Association - separate views, one of which calls another.
- Astronaut is an astronaut in the USA.
- Asph alt is black tar.
- Attache - employee-consultant at the diplomatic mission
- Certificate - certificate.
- Affect is emotional excitement.
Each of these words contains the spelling "Unchecked consonant at the root of the word." The examples given in this article and in subsequent ones are included in the list that graduates of the school must remember. But this is not the main thing. It is imperative to develop the skill of using these words in your own speech, that is, to learn how to make sentences with them. For example:
- As we all know, Gogol's Nose first served as a collegiate assessor.
- Nikolai Ivanovich became a military attache in the diplomatic mission of our country in France and should report for duty in early October.
- Sounds in the speech stream are assimilated by deafness and sonority.
Spelling of unchecked consonants at the root. Words starting with B
- Ballad is a literary poetic genre that combines prose and poetry.
- Baroque is an artistic style characterized by pretentiousness, decorative splendor.
- Barrel is a US measure of liquid volume.
- Barricade - cover during street clashes
- Basketball is a sport game in which you need to throw the ball into the ring.
- Badge - a card indicating the last name, first name, country name, company.
- Baseball is a sport that resembles a shoe.
- Fictionist - writer, creator of works for easy reading.
- Blockhouse - a building for conducting all-round fire with living quarters for the garrison.
- Boatswain - position on the ship, head of the deck crew.
- The pump is a portable pump.
- Buddhism is one of the world's religions.
- Bulletin - a short message about something, a ballot paper. Sick leave.
Let's start practicing the spelling skill "Unverifiable consonant at the root of the word." Examples of using these words:
- Most of Mongolia's population is Buddhist.
- During the holidays, I allow myself to read some fiction.
- In the essay, the teacher recommended using Zhukovsky's ballad "Svetlana".
Dictionary words starting with the letters "V", "G", "D", "F"
- Villa is a rich comfortable house with a park.
- Vice President - Deputy President.
- Hallucination - the perception of non-existent objects.
- Gamma - musical images of ascending sounds within an octave, a series of homogeneous, sequentially changing objects, phenomena, signs.
- Gangster is a member of a criminal organization.
- Handball is a sport, a game in which hands throw the ball into the goal.
- Group - multiple items.
- Darts is a game with darts.
- Disharmony - lack of consonance, violation of harmony.
- Thesis is scientific reasoning.
- Dissonance is a violationharmony.
- Diffusion - spreading.
- Differential - not the same.
- Diffusion is the interpenetration of substances.
- To train - to teach obedience.
- Jacquard - large patterned fabric.
- Buzz - produce a monotonous rattling sound.
In these language units there is an unverifiable consonant at the root of the word, examples of their use:
- Tatyana felt internal disharmony from the very beginning of her acquaintance with Onegin.
- Diffusion also occurs in solids.
- Somewhere in the back of the room a fly was buzzing annoyingly.
Memorize words that start with the letter "I"
- Idyll - serenity.
- Illusion is a deceptive representation, delusion.
- Porthole - round window.
- Illumination - festive lighting.
- Illustration - visual explanation.
- An immigrant is a foreigner who has settled in a foreign country for permanent residence.
- Image is an image that has developed in public circles.
- Immunity is the immunity of the body to some diseases.
- Impressionism is an artistic movement that arose in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by the reproduction of the subtlest inner experiences of the artist.
- Intelligence is the ability to think.
- Intelligentsia is a public group of people professionally engaged in mental work.
- Art is the artistic reproduction of reality inimages.
Help me remember how to write an unverifiable consonant at the root of a word, examples:
- Alexander Blok wrote an article-reflection "Intelligentsia and Revolution".
- Art helps us in many ways to realize the most complex processes of life.
- The native land was removed from the porthole, maybe forever.
K Words
- Kilowatt is a unit of power used to measure electrical voltage.
- Kilogram is a unit of mass.
- Kickboxing is a sport that combines boxing and martial arts.
- Killer is a hired killer.
- Kingston - a valve in the underwater part of the vessel for the intake and discharge of water.
- Collagen is a substance that is part of connective tissue fibers.
- Collage - pieces of something glued onto the base, making up a whole picture.
- Collapse is a sudden and drastic deterioration in the state of something.
- A collegium is a group of people united by a profession.
- College is a secondary school.
- Collector - collector.
- Collies are long-haired large dogs.
- Collision - clash of opposing views.
- Colloquium - a conversation between a teacher and students in order to identify and increase their level of knowledge
- Column - a group of objects located one after another in a straight line.
- Colonnade - a series of columns.
- The Colossus is an object of outstanding size.
- Colossal –expression of the highest degree of admiration.
- Commissioner - a person endowed with special powers by the government.
- Commission - a group of persons with special powers.
- Commandos are special military units in the United States designed for sabotage operations.
- Comment - interpretation of a paragraph in the way of a note.
- Commercial is trading activity.
- Commune - a society of people who jointly conduct economic activities and own joint property.
- Communism is the principle of organizing society on the basis of equality of members and community of property.
- Compress - a pad soaked with water or a healing solution, used to treat or alleviate the patient's condition.
- A confession is an offshoot of a religious movement that declares its independence.
- Confiscation - the seizure of money, property in favor of the state.
- Confiture - lighter consistency jam.
- Conflict - clash, confrontation, struggle.
- The burner is an extension that protects against open fire.
- Embarrassment - awkwardness from a ridiculous act.
- Confucianism is the philosophical teaching of Confucius about the inviolability of external orders and the need for internal self-improvement.
- Concentrate is a dry, pressed food product.
- Concession - an agreement on the transfer to operation for a certain period and on certain conditions.
- Coral is the calcareous deposits of some bright red marine polyps, decorations from these deposits.
- Corrections– making changes, amendments.
- Correlation - the ratio of phenomena.
- Correspondent - being in correspondence with someone.
- Corrida - a fight between a bullfighter and a bull.
- Corrosion - the destruction of metals from rust
- Corruption is the corruption of officials.
- Croissant is a pastry made from puff pastry in the form of a stuffed cone.
Examples of some of these words:
- Lubricating mechanisms helps to avoid metal corrosion.
- The worst enemy of our statehood is corruption.
- Edward preached Confucianism and paid very little attention to everyday inconveniences.
Words with unverifiable consonants starting from "L" to "C"
- Libretto is a summary of the content of a ballet or opera.
- Lymph is a fluid between body tissues that provides the exchange of matter between blood and tissues.
- Lumpen is a downcast person.
- Mass - the volume of matter that makes up a particular object.
- Scale - the ratio of the segment on the plan to the length of the real distance depicted by it.
- Mattress - mattress.
- Mass is a choral piece for a church service.
- Messiah is the deliverer, the savior of mankind.
- Metal is a substance with high strength, malleability, brilliance.
- A million is a number equal to one thousand thousand.
- Miss refers to an unmarried woman.
- Missionary - a person sent by the church to spread religiousviews.
- Mission is a responsible matter.
- Nymph is a female deity personifying the forces of nature.
- A ninja is a person with the skill of secret movement and disguise.
- Football is a sport game.
- Parallel is a line that is always close, but never connects.
- Passage - a gallery with retail space on both sides, overlooking parallel streets.
- Pliers - a bench tool that combines wire cutters, pliers.
- Trade winds - steady winds in tropical latitudes.
- Passive - that which is devoid of action.
- Passes - hand movements to bring a person into a state of hypnosis.
- X-rays - rays penetrating through an obstacle.
- Rally is an automotive competition.
- Renaissance - a period of prosperity, development.
- Repellant - a substance that repels insects.
- Respectable - solid, commanding respect.
- Respirator is a device that protects the respiratory tract from gases and dust.
- Restoration - restoration to its original form.
- Reflex - the body's response to irritation.
- Recession - slowdown in development.
- Roller - a projectile with rollers for moving on artificial turf.
- Abrasion - a wound on the body.
- Quarrel - swearing.
Sentence examples with some of the above words:
- Revolutionaries actively attracted lumpen to propagate their ideas.
- His respectable appearance did not match his reputation.
- The country's economy is underrecession.
T Dictionary Words
- Tautology - repetition of the same thing in other words without clarifying the meaning.
- Terracotta - similar in color to burnt clay (terracotta).
- Terrace - a ledge in the form of a platform.
- Territory - a land plot within certain boundaries.
- Terror is the fight against the political system with the use of violence.
- Transmission - a device for transmitting movement from the engine to the working parts of machines.
- Transparency - fabric stretched over a frame with a slogan.
- Transplantation is a surgical operation to transplant organs from a donor to a patient.
- Transport is a means of transporting people and goods.
- Transfer - transfer of funds.
- Transform - modify.
- Transcendental - relating to the realm of higher concepts.
- Track - road.
- Thriller is a film or book that escalates horror.
- A trillion is a number equal to a thousand million.
- Toggle switch - electric current switch.
Let's give some examples with these words:
- Lisa did not understand these transcendental reasonings, but she felt their justice.
- She was, as always, in her terracotta coat.
- Her views gradually transformed and acquired features of conviction.
Here, of course, not all the words that are subject to memorization are given, but they satisfy the requirements in the framework of the school curriculum in the Russian language.
