Tchaikovsky's biography is considered in the school music course. But not all the guys know the works of this composer. He is rightfully considered the largest figure in Russian music.
The legacy of the composer is presented in the form of orchestral works, piano miniatures. What, besides music, did Pyotr Tchaikovsky do? His biography is fraught with many mysteries and interesting moments. For example, few people know that he was a critic, was fond of pedagogy, and acted as an orchestra conductor himself.
Childhood
What is the biography of Tchaikovsky? He was born on May 7, 1840 in a small village located in the Vyatka province.
He was the second of six children in his family. The shortest biography of Tchaikovsky contains information that he was first educated at home. The future composer, his sisters and brothers were taught by the governess Fani Dyurbakh, who was discharged from St. Petersburg.
What was Tchaikovsky fond of in early childhood? A brief biography contains information about his passion for the history of the life and work of Louis XVII. Little Petya tried to write poetry, dreamed of becoming a famous poet.
Music in the Tchaikovsky familywas an important component. Mom owned the piano, studied vocals, and her father played the flute.
Tchaikovsky's biography is connected with the former serf M. M. Palchikova, who gave him his first piano lessons. The French governess was not very knowledgeable in the field of music, she did not own any of the musical instruments.
Petersburg years
Tchaikovsky's biography shows that in 1848, when the head of the family retired, they moved to St. Petersburg. It is here that the future musician enters the boarding school. What was Tchaikovsky doing at that time? The brief biography contains the fact of measles, due to which his he alth deteriorated significantly, there were unexpected seizures.
Training
In the middle of the nineteenth century Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky returned to the capital. The biography of the musician contains the fact that he received a legal education. After graduating from college in 1859, he was awarded the rank of titular adviser.
What else is interesting about Tchaikovsky's biography? It turns out that even during training, he did not give up a musical instrument, he constantly improved his piano playing.
Pedagogical activity
What does the shortest biography of Tchaikovsky look like regarding his work? Despite serving in the Department of Justice, Pyotr Ilyich tried to find free time to attend ballet and opera performances. He was in awe of the works of Mozart and Glinka, tried not tomiss a single premiere.
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, whose biography is fraught with many interesting facts, indicates that in 1862 he became a student of the St. Petersburg Conservatory. A year later, the musician finally stops his career in the field of jurisprudence and plunges into the world of art.
P. I. Tchaikovsky, whose biography is associated with Nikolai Rubinstein, after successfully graduating from the St. Petersburg Conservatory, went to Moscow. The composer was offered the position of professor in the composition class, and he continued his teaching activities at the Moscow Conservatory until 1878.
Why did P. I. Tchaikovsky stop his teaching career? The biography contains the fact of an unsuccessful marriage, which became the reason for leaving the Moscow Conservatory.
Creative activity
Among the works written by this Russian composer, there are orchestral concerts, ballets, operas. Tchaikovsky composed sacred and chamber music, amazing piano pieces.
His graduation work was the cantata "To Joy", which was written to the ode of F. Schiller. His first operas - "Ondine", "Voevoda" - he destroyed, believing that they did not deserve to be presented to the public. The opera Ondine was never staged, but Tchaikovsky included several numbers from it in some of his later works.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the musician worked on writing the opera "Eugene Onegin" based on the plot of A. S. Pushkin. At the same time, he wrote the ballet "Swanlake”, as well as the First Piano Concerto.
Pyotr Ilyich loved children, so the composer wrote the "Children's Album" especially for them, which contained 24 pieces for piano. They became a tutorial for a whole galaxy of future famous pianists.
In 1890, Pyotr Tchaikovsky wrote an opera, which he called his best musical creation - "The Queen of Spades" based on the work of the same name by A. S. Pushkin. The last operatic work of Pyotr Ilyich was Iolanta. Then he wrote the ballet The Nutcracker and, almost before his death, the Sixth Symphony.
The Legacy of Pyotr Tchaikovsky
Even during the life of the composer, his creations were recognized by the world music community. In the last years of his life, he was awarded various honorary positions, not only in Russia, but also in many European countries. Shortly before his departure, Pyotr Tchaikovsky settled in his house in Klin. It was here that his museum was founded after the death of the great composer.
November 6, 1893, due to cholera, Tchaikovsky died in St. Petersburg. The composer was only 53 years old. He was buried in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
Conclusion
For thirty years, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky managed to write about eighty works. Theaters, streets in many Russian cities, music schools are named after him.
All his life the composer was engaged in charity work, for example, he opened a school in the Maidanovo estate. Tono gossip hovered around him regarding his unconventional orientation, in 1877 Tchaikovsky decides to marry Antonina Milyukova, a student at the conservatory. He did not feel any feelings for his wife, so after a couple of weeks he left his young wife. The couple lived separately, but due to various circumstances, they did not divorce.
In 1878, Tchaikovsky went abroad, where he talked with Nadezhda von Meck, who became his friend and sponsor. Pyotr Ilyich, thanks to Nadezhda, does not waste time on material problems, he works calmly.
During two years of living in Switzerland, Italy, he managed to create the most magnificent works: the opera "Eugene Onegin", the Fourth Symphony.
Thanks to financial assistance provided by Nadezhda von Meck, the composer travels all over the world. During this period he wrote symphonies, suites, overtures, w altzes. At this time, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky not only works fruitfully, but also acts as a conductor at his concerts.
Those works that were written by the great Russian composer have not lost their relevance even now. Many aspiring musicians hone their professional piano skills by learning pieces from his "Children's Album".
