Archimedes is an ancient Greek mathematician who exclaimed "Eureka". He is one of the most famous scientists of antiquity. The research activity of Archimedes touched not only mathematics, as many people used to think. The scientist proved himself in the field of physics, and astronomy, and even mechanics. He created things that were used in various branches of human activity, from agriculture to military affairs. Some of the details developed by Archimedes are the basis of many modern devices. For example, the "Archimedean screw" is used in concrete mixers and meat grinders. This ancient Greek scientist has become one of the iconic personalities in world culture and history.
A little biography
Archimedes, ancient Greek mathematician,exclaimed "Eureka", was born in 287 BC in Syracuse. The father of this man was Phidias, an astronomer and mathematician. It was dad from early childhood who instilled in his offspring a love of science, in particular, astronomy, mathematics and mechanics.
In Egyptian Alexandria, the ancient Greek mathematician, who exclaimed "Eureka", met the famous scientists of those days: Conon and Eratosthenes. Later, until the end of his life, Archimedes corresponded with these personalities. The ancient Greek physicist lived during the heyday of the Library of Alexandria. It contained over 700 thousand manuscripts. Obviously, it was in this place that Archimedes studied the works of Democritus and Eudoxus, as well as other famous geometers of Ancient Greece.
But the scientist did not stay long in Alexandria. Soon he returned back to Sicily. In Syracuse, he had both attention to his person and financial support. Since Archimedes lived a very long time, most of the facts from his biography are closely intertwined with legends and conjectures, so it is difficult to understand what was true and what was not. The ancient Greek scientist was an unsurpassed theoretical and practical mechanic, but mathematics was his life's work.
The famous saying of a scientist
All people know which ancient Greek mathematician exclaimed "Eureka", but not many people know exactly under what circumstances this happened. The amazing inventions of the scientist became the reason for the legends that took shape during his lifetime. So, there is one popular story about how Archimedes managed to establish whether the crown of King Hiero was completely made.from gold, or the jeweler who worked on its creation mixed silver into the precious material.
The isolated mass of gold was known, but the difficulty of the question was to determine the volume of the accessory with an accuracy of a milligram, since the crown was of an irregular shape. Archimedes could not solve this problem in any way. Once, when he was bathing in the bathroom, an idea struck him: by immersing a product in water, you can determine its volume by measuring the volume of liquid displaced by it.
According to legend, Archimedes ran naked into the street with a loud cry of "Eureka!", Which means "Found!". It was at this moment that the main law of hydrostatics was discovered.
Scientific research
An ancient Greek mathematician did a lot for science. "Eureka" was not his only famous saying. And again, legends tell about everything: Hieron, as a gift to the king of Egypt, Ptolemy, built a chic ship called “Syrokosia”. But the ship could not be launched. Archimedes designed a chain hoist - a system of blocks, thanks to which he managed to complete this work with one movement of his hand. Just this case became the pretext for his another famous phrase: "Give me a fulcrum, and I will move the Earth!".
Interesting facts about a mathematician
The ancient Greek mathematician who exclaimed "Eureka", Archimedes, became the author of more than four dozeninventions. So, he designed a throwing machine that launched 250-kilogram stones. Some modern scientists believe that it was this man who developed the cannon.
A crater, an asteroid and streets in cities such as Amsterdam, Nizhny Novgorod, Donetsk, Dnipro, and, of course, a square in Syracuse are named after this brilliant man.
Once Leibniz said that if you carefully study the works of a scientist, then the discoveries made by the geometer will no longer be considered new. And indeed, after one and a half thousand years, most of the calculations of the ancient Greek were repeated by Newton and thus Leibniz.
Death of a genius
The whole world knows what ancient Greek mathematician made many discoveries and inventions. Who is Archimedes, even children know. It was truly genius. His life is covered with secrets and legends. However, the death of a scientist is not without mysteries. So, according to the words of John Tsets, the mathematician, in the midst of one of the battles, was near his own house and pondered over the drawings he made on the sand that lay on the road. A Roman soldier ran alongside and stepped on the drawing. After that, Archimedes, with the exclamation "Do not touch the drawings," rushed at the soldier. As a result, the warrior killed the old mathematician in cold blood.
