Our age has greatly influenced the anthropological type, as the percentage of human migrations has increased. Established species began to mix, which led either to the disappearance of a particular race, or to its change. There are also new formations, which today have become many times more.
Modern anthropology
In general, anthropological types of people are certain racial groups into which all of humanity is divided. Modern stratification does not please the previous generation or groups of individuals who hold conservative views. Many do not understand this process of mixing racial groups or ethnic formations, as it does not look very natural.
For them, the accepted opinion is that a person, having been born in a certain territory, immediately becomes part of this race. The process is not influenced by the opinion of the person himself, since he cannot choose this himself, as he does not have the right to decide who his biological parents will be, what appearance or height he will have.
Modernanthropological types of races are formed, on the contrary, due to the opinion and choice of the individual. If he wants to be a part of this or that society, he can become it. It is enough just to move and apply for another citizenship. If there were no mass media, the Internet, connections between countries, it is quite possible that the individual would not be so inclined to change his identity, because he simply would not know about the existence of other, so to speak, "worlds".
Conditions for the formation of anthropological types
For the emergence of specific anthropological formations, a foundation is needed, which is formed at the expense of ancestors belonging to the same race as you. That is, to put it simply, a person belongs to a certain race due to the fact that his ancestors were part of it, and they became such due to the conditions of their environment. Anthropological types of races are a formation that arises against the background of a two-way action, the participants of which are people and the world around them. A person adapts to the established forms of existence in a certain territory, thereby changing both it and himself.
Migrations as a driver of change
Migrations have always been in the history of the formation of communities, but today they have become critical. People are constantly on the move around the world, wanting to find their place. Thus, they change other anthropological types, form new ones. That is why today it is so difficult to find out about your roots, because cultures are not the first millennium.are mixed with each other. But to a greater extent, external distinguishing features can say something about the ancestors.
Recently, many different classifications have appeared that offer an extended description. To a greater extent, Viktor Valerianovich Bunak, who was an anthropologist by profession, advanced in this. He made a great contribution to the development of this science not only in the USSR, then in Russia, but also in foreign countries.
B. V. Bunak
B. V. Bunak forms his classification in the form of a tree with four trunks, which symbolize the West, East, South and Tropics. The western group includes representatives of Europe, Africa (east and north), the front of Asia, some regions of Pakistan and India. The Eastern division consists of America, Asian part of Russia, China and East Asia. The south is Southeast Asia, Australia and Indonesia. Tropical, respectively, contains the races of Africa (south, west), Indonesia, Oceania. Moreover, the trunks are subsequently divided into smaller structural units - branches. There you can already talk about anthropological types of the Caucasoid race, Mongoloid, Ethiopian and Negroid.
Huntington and Bunak
Samuel Huntington created the "Clash of Civilizations" theory, which is based on the concept of "anthropology". He correlates the migrations of various ethnic groups with the formation of civilizations in the subsequent time. This is a kind of visual aid on how anthropological types are formed.
This theory had a lot ofopponents, but it is foolish to deny all the existing laws of the settlement of ethnic groups. An example is the clash of Orthodox and Western civilizations, where the process of mixing is clearly visible. That is, in an ordinary family, a woman can be Orthodox, and a man can be a Catholic, as a result, cultures mix, and one turns into someone else, or both are looking for something new. It may also be that both will remain with their views. Only, what will happen to their child in the end?
B. V. Bunak classified modern species, showing that the process of formation of various anthropological types is a potential problem for small cultures. Also, this problem can affect everyone, because relationships against such a background greatly spoil their quality.
The tree has its own roots, most likely - one, the same for all. Accordingly, a person had a single ancestor, of the same race and views. Now people tend to form more and more communities, thereby taking us further and further from reality. This is not a positive beacon, because subsequently the world community can be so segmented that nothing will unite people, and this will lead to chaos and destruction.
Besides these classifications, there are many more, but the idea behind them is the same in essence.
Russian-speaking population
Anthropological types of Russian people have their own characteristics that distinguish them from others:
- Light complexion and skin tone. A larger percentage is represented by people with light and blonda shade of hair, as well as with light or mixed eyes. There are not so many dark-haired and dark-eyed.
- Moderate facial hair.
- Face of medium width.
- The most common are people with a high, even bridge of the nose, with a horizontal profile.
- Smooth forehead, as well as not very pronounced brow ridges.
In the form of the skull in the course of a number of studies, Russian people have an approximate resemblance to each other. Any variations that seem different from the usual ones correspond to the norm of the homogeneous type of a Russian person.
Such differences, expressed not overwhelmingly, can be explained by simple reasons, which are connected, so to speak, with the "habitat".
- no clear borders in Russia;
- there is one single language that everyone understands (dialects are the norm);
- society is not isolated from each other.
Caucasoids
Anthropological face types in the Caucasian race is a broad concept, since there are a lot of them. The main ones are highlighted below:
- Nordic type (Nordid, Scando-Nordid).
- Trender, East Nordic type (Eastern Nordid).
- Western B altic type (Western B altid, B altid).
- Eastern-B altic type (Eastern B altid, Ost-B altic).
- Falian type (Falid, Dalo-falid).
- Celtic Nordic type (Celtic Nordid).
Each species has a number of characteristics that distinguish it fromothers.
