Mathematics is manifested in all phenomena of life, its language is logical and understandable to people from all continents. The greatest scientists who worked in this field often continue to influence people's lives even after their death. What mathematicians should everyone know?
Bertrand Russell
Like many other famous mathematicians, Bertrand showed interest in the exact sciences as a child. He entered the University of Cambridge, and upon completion continued to teach there. In addition to mathematics, he was also interested in philosophy. He defended his doctoral dissertation on geometry. Russell became famous for his book on the principles of mathematics, created with a colleague Whitehead. The work "Problems of Philosophy" was another important contribution. This work is still considered the best. In addition, Bertrand Russell led an active social life and published works on issues of knowledge.
Alan Turing
Rarely do famous mathematicians become a source of inspiration for writers or directors. ButTuring is an exception, he is not just a brilliant scientist, but also the inventor of unique decryption methods. Therefore, his life seems to be such an exciting story. Modern mathematicians and programmers still use the Turing machine, the principle of which is the basis of the theory of algorithms. It is required for study in all textbooks on logic. At the same time, Alan Turing alone did more than many famous mathematicians combined. He personally coined the term "computer", became a pioneer of computer science and founded the theory of artificial intelligence, without which it is impossible to imagine modern programming. After all, he can be called the first hacker in the world. He cracked the code of the German fleet, which allowed the Allies to win. Perhaps, without Turing, the course of history would have been completely different. But the life of a brilliant scientist ended tragically: he committed suicide by eating an apple poisoned with cyanide.
August Mobius
Many well-known mathematicians gave their names to some concepts or phenomena discovered in the course of their work. Moebius is no exception: his name was heard even by those who are not strong in the exact sciences. The future mathematician was born in Saxony. After studying at the college, Schulpforte entered the University of Leipzig, where he first studied law, and then changed his specialization to astronomy and mathematics. It is believed that the influence of the Leipzig teacher Mollweide manifested itself in this way. In 1813, Möbius moved to Göttingen, where the most famous mathematicians worked at that time. In 1815 he received his doctorate title and became professor of astronomy. At the same time, he was engaged in mathematical research, many of which, including the famous Möbius strip, were published only after the death of the scientist. His works on projective geometry and algebraic curves seem relevant even today.
Nikolai Lobachevsky
The list of the world's leading scientists should also include well-known Russian mathematicians. One of the most famous, of course, is Nikolai Lobachevsky. The future mathematician had a difficult fate. He was an illegitimate child, in addition, his father died early. Lobachevsky was educated at a gymnasium in Kazan and already then became interested in mathematics, and then entered a local university. Incredible academic success led to the fact that Nikolai was given a master's degree, in addition, he was left at the university to receive a professorship. In the course of his teaching activities, Lobachevsky taught a course on physical and mathematical sciences. In 1826, he proved the parallel theorem, which was the beginning of non-Euclidean geometry and overturned the concept of space that existed before. Already in 1827, Lobachevsky became the rector of his native university. He was elected to the post six times in a row. Under Lobachevsky, the university was transformed: new buildings appeared, the library received many books, and the laboratories received the latest equipment. But after six terms, by government decree of the Ministry of Education, he was sent to the assistant trustee of the educational district, which interrupted his scientific activities andwas the end of a serious career of the great mathematician.
