Many Russian scientists have achieved internationally recognized successes. Often the exact sciences, for example, mathematics, became their main area. The best specialists in this field have made many important discoveries, their inventions are used in different countries of the world. What great Russian mathematicians should be known to everyone?
Pavel Aleksandrov
The future scientist was born in the city of Bogorodsk, today - Noginsk. He was educated at the gymnasium, where he immediately began to show a penchant for mathematics, which he became interested in under the influence of the teacher Alexander Eiges. Once the teacher told the students about Lobachevsky and young Alexandrov immediately decided to take up geometry. In search of knowledge, he entered the university in Moscow. There he began to study the "problem of the continuum", but unsuccessful attempts for some time disappointed him. However, even other well-known mathematicians did not solve the problem. The world of pedagogy captivated Alexandrov for a couple of years, but then he returned to his beloved science again. He laid the fundamental foundations of abstract topology - his scientific work serves as a base for specialists around the world. In addition, for thirty years Alexandrov headeda mathematical society that published a journal with the latest discoveries. His achievements are also recognized by other countries - Pavel was elected an honorary member of the Goettingen, American and Berlin Academies of Sciences.
Ivan Vinogradov
Even the most famous Russian mathematicians did not always make a splash in the scientific world - some recognition came gradually. Everything happened quite differently with Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov. He managed to prove the Goldbach problem and at one point become famous. According to the theorem, starting beyond a certain value, any odd number is the sum of three prime numbers. In addition, from Vinogradov's calculations, one can understand that there is a solution for even numbers as well. Such numbers represent the sum of four primes. Interestingly, Goldbach did not even raise this issue. Vinogradov also owns about one hundred and twenty scientific papers. They made him a real star, bringing him such fame that not all great mathematicians can boast of. The history of mathematics remembers him as an outstanding scientist and honorary member of scientific societies and academies around the world.
Mstislav Keldysh
Many great Russian mathematicians showed their amazing abilities at a fairly early age. So was Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh - he received the title of academician at the age of 35. Such achievements are quite expected - the scientist was distinguished by incredible ability to work and real talent. By the age of 16, he graduated from high school and decided to enterFaculty of Physics and Mathematics, Moscow State University. After training, he went to study aviation, where in four years he completed a number of important scientific experiments and received a degree. For success in the field of aircraft construction, Keldysh earned several State Prizes. He was able to calculate ways to eliminate vibration in the wings and wheels during takeoff, takeoff and landing. Based on his calculations, a speedboat was created. In addition, Keldysh made important remarks in computational mathematics.
Sofya Kovalevskaya
The list, which would include the great female mathematicians of Russia, cannot be complete without this name. Sofia Kovalevskaya is the most famous scientist in the country. Since childhood, she was not like other children, preferring reflection to all entertainment. She decided to study mathematics in order to understand other mysteries of the universe with her help. The wall of Sophia's children's room was covered with sheets of Ostrogradsky's textbook, which was the first to introduce the girl to the world of science. Then she began to study the book of Professor Tyrtov, with the help of which she learned the basics of physics and trigonometry. Thus began her path to science, but it was impossible for a woman to get an appropriate education in her homeland, and she went abroad, to Berlin. Scientific works brought Sophia a Ph. D., she made a number of outstanding discoveries and became a celebrity all over the world.
Andrey Kolmogorov
The gallery of great mathematicians cannot be complete without this scientist. Hebecame the first representative of cybernetics, created world-famous works that apply scientific analysis to literary works. He began to study mathematics at the university, in addition, he wrote various works on philosophy and logic. Kolmogorov's contribution to cybernetics was noted not only at home, but also abroad - he was admitted to the Polish and Romanian Academies of Sciences, and was also awarded a doctorate degree at the University of Paris. The foundations of probability theory and mathematical statistics developed by him not only advanced the knowledge of mankind, but also helped many of Kolmogorov's students achieve significant success in their own careers.
Aleksey Krylov
The boy grew up in a rather poor family - his favorite toy was an ax. Little Alyosha amused himself by chopping pieces of firewood. Relatives often thought that such a child would turn out to be a robber, but everything turned out quite differently. He decided to become an engineer, and this required mathematics. Krylov began independent studies and by the age of 15 had mastered a serious stock of knowledge. During his studies, he impressed the professors and stood out among his fellow students. Krylov went to the service of the Geographical Administration, where he wrote a scientific work on compasses, and then decided to engage in shipbuilding. Many of the great Russian mathematicians were theorists, and only a few stand out for their narrow practical specialization. Krylov is one of them. For shipbuilding, his knowledge turned out to be key. His works, combining mathematical theory withengineering practice, serve as the basis to this day. In addition, he conducted a number of successful studies. His main works on the structure of the ship are used in shipbuilding to this day, and not only in Russia, but also in other countries of the world.
Yuri Linnik
Many great mathematicians of Russia worked at the beginning and middle of the twentieth century. This also applies to Yuri Linnik, who graduated from Leningrad University in 1938, shortly after which he published a paper on the Frobenius theorem. By 1943 he already had the title of professor. His amazing work in the field of number theory made him a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences. He devoted his whole life to solving the most complex problems, trying to find the simplest methods for them. Among other things, he de alt with several important issues in the theory of probability, studying in depth the foundations created by the Englishmen Hardy and Littlewood. He formulated a theorem that a large natural number can always be represented as the sum of a prime number and two natural numbers squared. The name of Yuri Linnik is known to mathematicians around the world.
Alexander Lyapunov
Many great Russian mathematicians studied at St. Petersburg University. Alexander Lyapunov was also its graduate. For scientific work, written in the fourth year, he received a gold medal. Lyapunov was distinguished by a phenomenal performance. In addition, he was a talented teacher - students noted that in a short lecture he managed to tell what remained unfamiliar even to the beststudents of the course, going far beyond the program. Alexander Mikhailovich Lyapunov developed many assumptions about the stability and balance of moving mechanical systems, developed laws by which one can determine the shape of the surface of a rotating fluid, and derived the foundations for controlling production processes that are still used today. Finally, Lyapunov wrote several works on probability theory, mathematical physics and other key areas of science.
