Patsaev Viktor Ivanovich, whose biography is described in this article, Hero of the USSR, Soviet cosmonaut. This is the first astronomer to leave Earth orbit. His death was tragic - during the landing of Soyuz-11, due to depressurization.
Childhood
16.06.1933 in Kazakhstan, in the city of Aktyubinsk, the future cosmonaut Viktor Ivanovich Patsaev was born. The family was small at first. Victor had a sister, Galina, and a brother, Victor. Father, Ivan Panteleevich, was a simple employee. When the war began, he went to the front and died in 1941. Victor's mother, Maria Sergeevna, was left alone to raise children. After the death of her husband, she married a second time, to Ivan Ivanovich Volkov.
He was also a widower. And from his first wife he left four children in the care. When Patsaeva and Volkov got married, the families became one big one. Ivan Ivanovich moved everyone to live in the Kaliningrad region, in the city of Nesterov. He got a job as the director of the Savings Bank. And Maria Sergeevna - to the store as a salesperson.
Education
Patsaev Viktor Ivanovich went to school at the age of six. AfterAt the end of the first class, he received a commendable diploma. After the death of his father, when the whole family moved to the city of Nesterov, Victor continued his studies at a local school. He enrolled in a fencing circle, took part in scientific and technical conferences. Wrote articles for the newspaper. Graduated from school in 1950
Viktor had a dream - to enter a geological exploration institute and study the Earth from a height of flight. After graduating from high school, he immediately applied to the university documents. Despite the fact that he passed the exams well, Victor did not have enough points for admission. He was offered an alternative option - Industrial Penza Institute.
He accepted the enrollment and graduated from the university in 1955. He received the speci alty of mechanics of precision instruments. In 1968 he graduated from pilot courses at the Kolomna flying club. At the same time, he was a postgraduate student. From 1967 to 1969 he trained as an astronaut under the N1-L3 program.
Work
After the institute, Viktor Ivanovich Patsaev got a job as a designer at an aerological observatory. He created instruments for meteorological rockets. In 1958, he worked in the department of antenna-feeder devices at the Korolev design bureau. Viktor Ivanovich during his career has conducted many experiments and research in the field of plasma, radio antennas, etc.
Space
After undergoing cosmonaut training, Viktor Ivanovich was allowed to train at TsKBEM. He took part as a Soyuz-18 flight engineer in the Contact project. Viktor Ivanovich made his first flight in 1971 from 6 to 29 June. ATat that time he was already in the position of a research engineer on Soyuz-11.
Patsaev Viktor Ivanovich, whose photo is in this article, conducted spectrography of Beta Centauri, explored the earth's atmosphere using the twilight horizon method and other views. Successful and significant is his work in the field of polarization of sunlight and its effects. Patsaev participated in the cultivation of cabbage, onions, etc. in zero gravity. The results of the work that was carried out in many directions are of great importance in the development of space flights.
Tragic death
After the next program given to the astronauts was completed, the spacecraft returned to Earth. He was in flight for 24 hours. The tragedy occurred on the night of June 30 during the landing of Soyuz-11. Unexpectedly, the ship's vent valve failed. And the astronauts were left without air. This led to their death. When the ship was opened, resuscitators immediately began work. But it was not possible to save the astronauts.
Family
Patsaev Viktor Ivanovich married Vera Alexandrovna Kryazheva. His wife worked at TsNIIMash. The Patsaevs had two children. Dmitry was the first to be born in 1957. In 1962, a daughter, Svetlana, was born. The son, Dmitry Viktorovich, subsequently worked at the IKI. Over time, he went to live abroad. Svetlana began teaching at the Moscow University for the Humanities. But then, just like her brother, she left for permanent residence abroad.
Awards and memory
In memory of Patsaev, a crater on the Moon, planet No. 1791, some streets in Aktyubinsk, Kirovograd, Kaliningrad and other cities were named after him. The name of the astronaut was given to the research ship. Several monuments have been erected in memory of Patsaev. A memorial plaque has been erected in Kaluga. Patsaev Viktor Ivanovich is buried in Red Square in Moscow. The cosmonaut was awarded the Order of Lenin and received the title of Hero of the USSR. But it was awarded to him posthumously.
