Tver region is a region located in the northwestern part of the Russian Federation. It is within its boundaries that the famous Russian river, the Volga, is born. The area of the Tver region is 84.2 thousand square meters. km, and the population is 1.3 million people. The region includes 23 cities, in which numerous enterprises of the chemical complex, manufacturing industry and electric power industry operate.
Tver region: a brief description of the region
The total area of the Tver region is 84,201 square kilometers (the region ranks 38th in size among the subjects of the Russian Federation). The territory of the region is located in the northwestern part of the country (marked in red on the map). The administrative capital of the region is the city of Tver.
The population of the Tver region is about 1.3 million people. Settlement density: 15 inhabitants per square kilometer of territory.
The region within its present limits wasformed in 1935 on the basis of the previously existing Tver province. The Governor of the Tver Region, Igor Mikhailovich Rudenya, assumed this position in September 2016. His predecessor was Andrei Shevelev, who was dismissed by decree of the President of Russia. By the way, the current governor of the Tver region has worked hard in the food industry and agriculture of the country.
The region's economy is based on the power industry and a developed manufacturing industry. In addition, a number of enterprises producing building materials, glass and textiles operate in the region.
Education of the Tver region
The history of the modern region began on January 29, 1935. Its predecessor was the Tver province, which existed on the map of the Russian Empire for more than a century - from 1796 to 1917. It should be noted that the area of the modern Tver region significantly exceeds the size of the historical province of the same name (by almost 20 thousand square kilometers).
The first settlements on the territory of this region arose in the 9th century. This is evidenced by numerous archaeological finds. In 1135, the city of Tver was founded, and by the middle of the 13th century, an autonomous state formation, the Principality of Tver, appeared on the political map of Europe. For a long time it competed with Moscow for the right to act as a consolidating core in the process of unification of Russian lands.
During the XV-XVI centuries the principality was one of the main centers of crafts and trade in Russia. The region was already famous for its skilled craftsmen - painters andbuilders. It was from Tver that the world famous wanderer and merchant Afanasy Nikitin set off on his grandiose journey in 1468.
Not very rosy events brought these lands in the 17th and 18th centuries. Tver suffered more than once from the devastating raids of the Poles and Lithuanians, as well as from several serious fires. After one of these fires, which happened in 1773, the city had to be rebuilt almost from scratch.
Another important fact from the history of the region: from the beginning of 1935 to 1990, the region was called Kalininskaya, and its regional center, respectively, Kalinin.
Tver region: coat of arms and flag
At the beginning of the 18th century, emblem-making in Russia became not only fashionable, but also very necessary. The first historical coat of arms of the Tver land was made by the French Count Francis Santi, who came to the country specifically to help create "land emblems". The main elements of this image - a royal headdress on a golden chair - have been preserved on the coat of arms of the region to this day.
The flag of the Tver region was approved on November 28, 1996. It consists of three vertical stripes: two yellow and one red (center). On a red background is depicted a princely golden throne with a Monomakh's cap on its green pillow. The same pattern can be seen on the modern coat of arms of the region.
Common features of nature
The geography of the Tver region is characterized by three main points. These are: flat terrain, a dense network of rivers and lakes, as well asscarce mineral resources.
The territory of the region is advantageously flat. Only in the western part of the region rises slightly, after which it again turns into a lowland (Ploskoshskaya). The highest point (“Top of Valdai”, 347 m) is located in the Firovsky district. The climate of the territory is temperate continental, the amount of precipitation does not exceed 650 mm per year.
Within the Tver region, there are over 1700 lakes and about 800 rivers, the main of which is the Volga. It originates within the Ostashkovsky district. There are many artificial reservoirs in the region - reservoirs. The largest of them are Rybinskoye, Ivankovskoye, Verkhnevolzhskoye and Uglichskoye. More than half of the region's area (about 54%) is occupied by forests.
The territory of the Tver region is poor in minerals. Of all the variety of mineral resources, the subsoil of this region can only offer its inhabitants peat, limestone, brown coal, clay and sand.
Demographic issues
The demographic situation in the region is one of the most critical in the country. The population of the Tver region, unfortunately, is rapidly declining. Over the past 25 years, according to statistics, the region has lost almost 20% of its inhabitants. In absolute terms, this is almost 350,000 people.
In 2015, the natural population decline in the region amounted to almost 6,500 people. It is not reduced only in Tver and several other settlements of the region (in particular, in Maksatikha). Another serious problem in this region is the extinction and degradation of villages. QuantityThere are already dozens of abandoned villages in the region. Thus, one of the leaders in the number of extinct villages and farms is the Staritsky district of the Tver region, located in the central-southern part of the region.
An equally sad trend in the region is the outflow of young people. Students and skilled workers are actively leaving the cities of the Tver region, moving to neighboring, more promising regions of the country.
Administrative divisions and cities
Administratively, the Tver region is divided into 35 districts and 8 urban districts. The largest districts in terms of the number of inhabitants are: Konakovskiy, Kalininskiy, Bezhetskiy and Bologovskiy.
There are 23 cities, 20 urban settlements and 319 rural settlements within the region. The largest cities are Tver, Rzhev, Torzhok, Kimry, Vyshny Volochek. There are relatively young cities in the Tver region that received such a status only in the 20th century (such as, for example, the Western Dvina or Andreapol). But most of them were founded much earlier. The oldest cities in the Tver region: Torzhok, Bezhetsk, Toropets, Staritsa and Tver.
Tver is the capital of the region, its oldest and largest city. There are unusually many monuments and architectural sights. Many cultural figures of Russia have visited Tver - writers Dostoevsky and Ostrovsky, poet Pushkin, fabulist Krylov and others.
Culture and tourism
In Soviet times, the Tver region occupied an honorable second place in the RSFSR in terms of the number of tourists. TodayTraveler traffic in the region is significantly lower. Nevertheless, cultural, educational, ecological tourism, short-term recreational rest, as well as sailing are quite well developed in the region.
The area is rich in various natural beauties. The following objects and places are especially popular among tourists and vacationers: Lake Seliger, the so-called Moscow Sea (Ivankovskoye reservoir), the Bezhetsky Verkh hill.
The natural beauty of the region is successfully complemented by a rich cultural life. Fine artists of world renown create in the region, there are five theaters and about 40 museum institutions. The region annually hosts many interesting and diverse festivals. The most famous of them is the Invasion rock music festival.
TOP 15 most famous sights of the region
Tver region is about 5000 archeological monuments and more than 9 thousand monuments of history and culture. This land of magnificent monasteries and ancient estates. Tourist routes of the Golden Ring of Russia pass through the territory of the region. About 250,000 tourists visit the region every year.
Below are the most visited and most famous sights of the Tver region:
- Nilova Hermitage (monastery on Lake Seliger);
- Holy Assumption Monastery (Staritsa);
- Borisoglebsky Monastery (Torzhok);
- Vasilevo estate (Torzhok district);
- Tolstoy's estate in Novye Eltsy (Ostashkovsky district);
- Church of the Nativity of the Virgin of the XIV century inGorodnya village - the oldest religious building in the region (Konakovskiy district);
- unusual and beautiful Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord (Staritsa);
- source of the Volga River (Ostashkovsky district);
- Nikolskaya bell tower, half-flooded by the waters of the Volga (Kalyazin);
- monument to Athanasius Nikitin (Tver);
- Starovolzhsky Bridge (Tver);
- the city of Kimry is the “shoe capital” of Russia with an abundance of wooden mansions in the Art Nouveau style (Kimry);
- channels of the Vyshnevolotsk water system - the first in Russia (Vyshny Volochek);
- Lake Brosno, in the waters of which, according to legend, a real dinosaur lives (Andreapolsky district);
- mystical pyramid of Hunger with amazing properties (Ostashkovsky district).
Conclusion
The area of the Tver region is over 84 thousand square meters. km. On this territory there are 23 cities along with ancient Tver. This is a region with a deep history, picturesque Russian nature and numerous monuments of architecture and antiquity.
