A brief biography of Ivan Kalita is very similar to the biographies of many other Russian princes of that era. At the same time, our hero, by his activity, managed to stand out from this series. First of all, by laying the foundation for the future economic and political power of Moscow. What in the future became a springboard for the great achievements of Ivan the Terrible was largely created by Ivan Kalita. A brief biography of this prince begins in the second half of the 13th century. Presumably in 1283.
Short biography of Ivan Kalita: early years
The future ruler was the youngest son of the Moscow prince Daniil Alexandrovich (and the grandson of the famous Alexander Nevsky). Already in 1296 he became his father's governor in Novgorod. In 1304, he received his first important military experience in battles with the princes of Tver for the city of Pereyaslavl. This episode ended with the victory of the young prince. For quite a long time, the young representative of the princely family was in the shadow of Yuri Danilovich, his older brother, who ruled Moscow. Buta brief biography of Ivan Kalita takes a sharp turn in 1320. Both brothers go to the Horde for khan's labels to rule the Russian lands. As a result of this voyage, the elder brother goes to reign in Novgorod, and the younger brother gets Moscow at his disposal.
Ivan Kalita. Briefly about the reign
The prince, who ascended the Moscow throne, proved himself to be a rather stubborn and persistent politician. He regularly traveled to the Horde, which allowed him to gain the trust and favor of Khan Uzbek. In material terms, this resulted in relative calm and a fertile lull for his inheritance at a time when the rest of the Russian lands were forced to pay a rather high bribe to the khans
baskakam. As a result of such a favorable climate, the Moscow principality began to be intensively replenished with refugees from other lands. His cities grew, the well-being of local boyars grew, crafts revived. A brief biography of Ivan Kalita is inextricably linked with the rise of Moscow over the rest of the Russian principalities. In 1325, the chair of the Orthodox metropolitan was transferred to Moscow, which made it not only an important economic and craft center, but also the spiritual center of the entire Russian land. Ivan Kalita quite skillfully used the favorable circumstances for him.
Cunning, deceit, political determination and the ability to use the weaknesses of opponents allowed him to significantly expand the limits of his destiny. They bought out Uglich. long enoughthe struggle for dominance with an old rival, Prince Alexander Mikhailovich of Tver, lasted for a while. In 1327, a Horde Baskak was murdered in Tver. Ivan Kalita hastily assured Khan Uzbek of his loy alty and readiness to contribute to the punishment of the perpetrators. This gave him the khan's approval for a military campaign against Tver with the help of the Horde army, as well as the further right to rule this city and independently collect tribute for the khan. The Moscow prince also tried to annex to his possessions the largest city of northern Russia, Novgorod. However, this campaign ended in defeat for him. Ivan Kalita died in 1340, leaving the throne of Moscow to his heir Simeon the Proud.
