AUCCTU - All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. Trade unions in the USSR were an important instrument of the Communist Party's control over society and the economy. The trade union boss was the right hand of the party secretary and participated in the distribution of intangible benefits: housing, vouchers to sanatoriums and others. Union property was strictly controlled by the Party.
AUCCTU: abbreviation decoding
The Central Council of Trade Unions was established at the First Congress of Trade Unions in 1918. From 1918 to 1922, the decoding of the abbreviation of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions meant the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions. In 1922, the USSR was created, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic entered it as a union. Therefore, the decoding of the abbreviation of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions has changed a bit - the letter B meant no longer All-Russian, but All-Union. He bore this name until 1991, when he announced his self-dissolution.
A bit of history
Workers began to unite in trade unions with the emergence of cities.
In antiquity, the advice of artisans and merchants had a great influence on the life of policies. On theOn the territory of Russia, the first mention of associations of merchants and artisans and their elders appeared in Novgorod birch bark letters of the 9th century. But these were all associations of owners. Wage workers began to unite in trade unions from the 18th century in England, and in Europe from the 19th century.
In Russia, the first trade unions appeared in the second half of the 19th century, but until the beginning of the 20th century they were semi-legal.
At the turn of the 20th century, trade unions were politicized all over the world, they fell under the influence of social democrats and anarchists. In Russia, from 1903 to 1917, almost all workers were covered by unions and their associations.
From the classic trade unions to a faithful assistant to the party
In Russia, trade unions took an active part in all three revolutions. The right-wing Social Democrats and Mensheviks set the tone for them. After the October Revolution, the Bolsheviks, having seized full political power in the country, began to fight for complete control over the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. Taking advantage of the conditions of the dictatorship, the Bolsheviks were able to oust the Mensheviks and representatives of other parties from all the leading bodies of the All-Russian Council. The Council finally came under the control of the CPSU (b) by the third congress of trade unions in 1920.
The All-Russian Council played a big role in providing workers with food. Together with the party commissars, the food detachments that requisitioned food from the peasants were also emissaries of the trade unions.
In 1930, with the unification of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of the USSR and the People's Commissariat of Labor of the USSR, the All-Union Council and the Bolshevik state finally merged. The All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions has ceased to be a classic trade union defending the rights of workers, and has become an instrument of control over workers and the production process.
Membership in trade unions has become almost mandatory, a trade union cell has been created at every enterprise and every organization. Full control over the life of the enterprise was carried out by the so-called "triangles" - the administration, the party organizer and the trade union organizer. They assumed increased labor obligations, distributed bonuses and intangible benefits: apartments, vouchers to sanatoriums, scarce goods allocated according to the order.
Trade unions got a huge amount of real estate, requisitioned from the nobility and the bourgeoisie. Sanatoriums, rest houses, summer camps for workers and their children were opened in these mansions and estates. One of the best mansions in large cities and capitals of the Union republics became the House of Trade Unions - the seat of the regional or republican Council.
World War II years
The trade unions, at the call of the party, led the transition of the industry to a war footing. War bonds were actively distributed among the members of organizations, the largest of them transferred money for the construction of the so-called. "union" tanks and aircraft. So, members of the trade union organization of the Sverdlovsk bakery plant built a tank with their meager funds"Combat Girlfriend".
The best fighters were trusted to fight on such machines. The vast majority of male members of the trade unions went to the front, recognized as unfit for military service - in volunteer labor battalions. Many of them did not return from the battlefields.
Stagnation
During the years of stagnation, the final formalization and ossification of trade union life was completed. The trade union committee has become a subdivision of the administration, even the term "trade union nod" has arisen. As before, the distribution of housing for employees and vouchers went through the trade union. Under Brezhnev, cars, imported furniture sets and rare foreign trips to the countries of "people's democracy" were added to them. The jurisdiction of the All-Union Council also included numerous courses and educational institutions that were not part of the system of the Ministry of Education and DOSAAF.
Collecting membership dues, the All-Union Council accumulated huge sums of money - 1% of any salary paid in the country. With this money, new boarding houses were built and old boarding houses were repaired, but most of the money went to help the so-called. "progressive unions" abroad.
End of the AUCCTU
In 1990, the All-Union Council announced its self-dissolution. The FNPR inherited the huge property of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. Deciphering the abbreviation of the heiress - Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia. Most of the property has already changed owners and turned into luxury housing and budget hotels and boarding houses. Houses of trade unions are mostly turned into business centers. The influence of the FNPR among the workers of the trade union is constantly falling, the average age of members is growing, young people ignore associations that do not provide real support and protection.
