The best medical institutions in Russia, their history, rating, faculties and speci alties will be discussed in this article. Particular attention is paid to military medical educational institutions, in particular, the Nizhny Novgorod Military Medical University of the FSB of Russia.
VMA im. Kirov
The opening of a hospital for medical schools and training theaters by Emperor Paul I in December 1798 owes its existence to the Kirov Military Medical Academy. Here, at that distant time, doctors, veterinarians and pharmacists began to receive medical education.
This is the country's first scientific, medical and educational institution where Russian textbooks on medicine were published and where Russian professors were educated. In 1881, veterinary medicine and pharmaceutics left the structure of the institution, and the Academy (and it was then that it got its current name, except, of course, the name of Kirov, which was given to the university much later) gave all its strength to the training of military doctors, surgeons and purely for the military departments.
Celebrities
In the nineteenth century, great doctors worked within these walls, marking the era of the development of Russian medicine - both practical and scientific. Among them are such brilliant doctors as the surgeon N. I. Pirogov, who developed the basis of military field surgery, was the first to use anesthesia, plaster and postoperative nursing care for the wounded; I. M. Sechenov, the founder of Russian physiology, and S. P. Botkin, who created the largest therapeutic school, worked here.
Academician I. P. Pavlov, one of the first Nobel Prize winners in medicine, worked here, V. M. Bekhterev, a famous neurologist, psychologist, psychiatrist, founder of psychotherapy. Here N. S. Korotkov came up with a method for measuring blood pressure. The remarkable composer A. P. Borodin, who wrote the opera "Prince Igor", studied and worked here, who considered music just a hobby and devoted himself entirely to scientific work.
Wars and VMAs
The Russian-Turkish wars gave the employees of the Imperial Academy the necessary practice to make world discoveries in the field of military medicine. Professor S. P. Kolomnin was the first to perform blood transfusion in the field, the surgeon N. V. Sklifosovsky used asepsis and antiseptics, N. I. Pirogov published his famous work on military medicine, which was the basis of the doctrine of modern military medicine.
In the war with Japan, N. A. Velyaminov used X-ray machines for diagnostics, R. R. Vreden introduced new methods of surgery. Firstworld was marked by massive epidemics of typhoid and cholera. Professors A. P. Dobroslavin, V. A. Levashov, S. V. Shidlovsky developed a method of military hygiene, and the works of V. A. Oppel, G. I. Turner and V. A. Ratimov became a new word in the development of surgery on the field fight. The vast majority of professors of the academy supported the revolution of 1917, the leading doctors put all their efforts into the fight against typhus and typhoid fever, cholera, and most importantly, they continued to work in their departments and clinics amid terrifying devastation and famine.
The Great Patriotic War
Two-thirds of the professors and teachers of the academy went to the front in the very first days of the war. Every tenth front-line doctor is a student of the academy. During this difficult time, Russian medical institutes took full responsibility for the rapid and high-quality training of doctors and nurses. Scientific work, however, did not stop: a blood-substituting fluid was invented for the wounded who had lost a lot of blood, as well as original methods for treating frostbite. One hundred and fifteen dissertations were defended during the war years, and all of them concerned military medicine.
The treatment of gunshot wounds, thermal injuries, injuries began to be carried out with great success, the university made a huge contribution to the development of transfusiology, neurosurgery, and cardiovascular surgery. All medical institutes in Russia are unlikely to be able to compare with the Kirov Military Medical Academy in terms of the effectiveness of their work, although they, of course, also tried very hard.
Five Heroes of the Soviet Union are among the staff of the academy, manygraduates and teachers received orders of the commander's level. Through their efforts, 90.6% of the sick soldiers, 72.3% of the wounded were returned to service. A shining example of professionalism and courage. And every tenth graduate of the academy died in this war … The military medical institutes of Russia, including the Kirov Military Medical Academy, proved their loy alty to their native country with the blood shed on the battlefields.
Academy Today
Out of one hundred and twelve buildings of the architectural ensemble of the Academy, twenty-five have the status of an architectural monument by decision of UNESCO. The Academy is recognized as an institution of world significance. The historically established principle of training specialists, which to this day remains the leading one, is a real medical and diagnostic process, where knowledge is assimilated, practical skills are acquired, that is, at the patient's bedside. Therefore, the academic clinical base is very extensive and branched. Medical institutes in Russia often use this particular teaching method, if conditions permit.
Sixty-three departments operate at the academy, of which thirty-four have their own clinical base. Seven thousand employees organize and conduct the educational process. Unlike civilian universities of medical orientation, here an increased attention is paid to extreme medicine. Cadets participate in combat and field training conditions, in the aftermath of man-made disasters and natural disasters. It takes into account all the features of the activities of military doctors in the space, ground, missile forces, inAir Defense, Airborne Forces, Air Force, on surface and submarine ships. The military orientation of education is provided by eighteen departments, where two centuries of experience in medical support of the army are concentrated. According to all the parameters demonstrated by Russian medical institutions, the rating shows that the Kirov Military Medical Academy is in the forefront.
Technical support
The study center provides both field training for students and promotes research activities. The library of the academy is truly fundamental, it is recognized as the largest medical library in Europe. Two computer classes in the library, one hundred and fifty thousand only electronic publications. Twenty-four classrooms for lectures with the latest multimedia equipment, more than four hundred thematic and specialized classrooms, of which forty-two are computer-based.
Medical institutes in Russia, the list of which is long and glorious, far from all are equipped with such modern and powerful equipment. Every year, about fifty students are awarded scholarships from the Government and the President of the Russian Federation, charitable foundations and organizations for high scientific and educational results. The Kirov Military Medical Academy is clearly the leader among universities that represent Russian medical institutes, as well as academies and universities.
VMI FSB RF
The Military Medical Institute of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia has a rather long and glorious history, which begins from the time when it existed as a separate faculty of a medical institute in the city of Gorky.
Used to study herefuture doctors for the Soviet army and navy. And now the Military Medical Institute of the FSB of Russia trains specialists for the border troops, which, as you know, are under the jurisdiction of the FSB.
Shine to others - I burn myself
This is the motto and the main commandment, which many graduates of the Military Medical Institute of the Border Guard Service of the FSB of Russia carried with dignity through their whole lives. How many saved lives of officers and soldiers of our army are on their account! And in 1995, the institute became a separate educational institution under the auspices of the NSMA (Nizhny Novgorod Medical Academy) and changed its name to "Military Medical Institute of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation", or "Military Medical Institute of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation".
The institute has eleven departments at three faculties. The Military Medical Institute of the Federal Security Service of Russia (Nizhny Novgorod) is known and loved by residents of the city and the region: its clinical base covers fifty-two medical institutions in the region and in the city, which belong to various organizations, such as the Ministry of He alth, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Civil Defense and Emergencies and, of course, the FSB. The total number of beds is also impressive: there are more than eight and a half thousand.
Structure
The Medical Institute of the FSB of Russia has trained more than seven thousand highly qualified specialists, who were taught by six academicians, fourteen professors, twenty-two associate professors, eighteen doctors and eighty-eight candidates of medical sciences, four senior researchers. The state status of this educational institution implies excellent technical equipment.
Training is on a contract basis andfree. Students study full-time, part-time and full-time in the following speci alties: general medicine, dentistry, medical and preventive work. The Institute is located on the Nizhnevolzhskaya Embankment in the Red Barracks. Two centuries ago, gendarmerie companies and garrison soldiers were stationed there.
MSMU named after I. M. Sechenov
First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov is the oldest medical university in the country. Founded in 1758 as the Faculty of Medicine of the Imperial University in Moscow. In the eighteenth century, there were three departments at the faculty, which produced a total of thirty-six doctors. But the most interesting thing is that twenty-six of them became doctors of medicine, seventeen - professors. In the thirties of the twentieth century, the faculty became an independent university - the First Moscow Medical Institute. In 1955, it began to bear the name of the great Sechenov, in 1990 it became an academy, and in 2010 it was already a university.
Now it is a public educational institution of VO, which is a forge of personnel for almost all branches of he alth care. Scientific and educational events are held here: training, recertification, advanced training of physicians and pharmacologists. There are ten faculties, there is a center that unites eight university clinics, a diagnostic laboratory, and a radiation examination department, where there are seven divisions. Approximately fifty thousand patients are treated at the university every year.
For students and applicants
Besidesstudy, students have something to do and where. There is a magnificent library with unique books, with its own museum, where you can learn not only the history of the university, but also a lot about medicine. Three dormitories are perfectly equipped with everything you need, there is a sports complex, a vivarium, a publishing house and a volunteer center. You can walk along the alleys of the botanical garden and relax in "Sechenovets" - he alth camp.
The form of education is full-time only. There are paid and free forms. Faculties - dental, medical, pediatric, pharmaceutical, medical and preventive, higher nursing education and psychological and social work. There are also courses at the Faculty of Pre-University Education. Training is also provided by the Vocational Education Institute.
GBOU VPO RNIMU
Russian National Research Medical Institute named after N. I. Pirogov under the Ministry of He alth of the Russian Federation next year will be one hundred and ten years since its foundation, and during this time it has shown itself to be a highly professional educational institution, constantly occupying one of the first places in the ranking of medical Russian institutions. The university gives the highest qualification to graduates, conducting a three-stage learning process.
Thirty areas of full-time and part-time education has this state institute: here is therapy with dentistry, and biochemistry with biophysics, as well as cybernetics in the service of medicine. Interns, residents, scientific specialists in graduate school study here. Of all the doctors who are produced by medicalinstitutions of Russia, graduates of this university are especially valued.
Technical equipment
Here there is everything you need for a full-fledged education: classrooms with high-quality multimedia equipment, medical institutions where students practice under contract, a library with about a million books, a reading room, a separate sports building with martial arts, gymnastics and much more, conference room, first-aid post with massage rooms.
More than three and a half thousand students live in dormitories, there are canteens and classrooms. The form of education at the institute is only full-time, you can study for a fee. Faculties: medical, biomedical and others (seven in total). Ten speci alties are taught here.
