Medicine is one of the most important areas that school graduates pay attention to when they are faced with the question of which of the higher educational institutions in Russia to enter for further education. This industry is popular and respected among applicants and ordinary citizens. After all, doctors dedicate themselves to saving the lives of others, helping patients recover from serious injuries, helping a new person to be born. However, before starting independent work in a medical institution, the future specialist needs to spend more than one year at the desk of the corresponding university, where the best specialists of the country will teach him this difficult but important speci alty. In many cities of our vast country there are medical institutes and academies. This article is a kind of mini-review of such institutions. Perhaps, after reading it, the applicant will finally be able to make a choice and devote his life to this profession that is always in demand.
The history of the formation of medicine in Russia. First Medical Institute
It is believed that one of the best (if not the best) universities in our country for training future specialists is Moscow State Medical University. Sechenov. This abbreviation stands for First Moscow State Medical University. It was founded in the 18th century during the reign of Empress Elizabeth. So the year 1758 became, as it were, the starting point in the development and establishment of medicine in Russia. The first medical institute was created by such outstanding personalities and prominent specialists as Politkovsky, Zybelin, Veniaminov, Sibirsky. And, of course, the history of this institution is closely connected with Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov. In addition, the world-famous surgeon Sklifosovsky N. V. worked here, he headed the department for 13 years and created a clinical school of surgery. Today at the University Sechenov, more than 15 thousand students study at the same time, not only from Russia, but also from other countries. In fact, this medical institute in Moscow is an international educational institution. It is rightfully considered the best in the state, because it was in it that the foundations of modern medicine were born.
Sechenovka's followers: Pirogov Medical Institute
RNIMU them. N. Pirogova has more than a century of history. This abbreviation stands for Russian National Research Medical University. It all started in 1906, when the Higher Women's Courses were organized in Moscow, later they were transformed into VMGU(Second Moscow State University). And already in 1930, the Second Medical Institute was separated from it. In the mid-1950s, the university was named after N. Pirogov. Today, this medical institute in Moscow occupies a leading position among other scientific, medical, educational, methodological and medical centers in Russia.
However, not only the capital of our Motherland is famous for such institutions: other cities also have well-known universities, they have something to oppose to Moscow ones. In total, there are more than 90 medical educational institutions in Russia. Let's talk about some of them.
St. Petersburg - the cultural capital
This city hosts the first pediatric university not only in our country, but in the whole world. SPbGPMU - St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University - was founded in 1925. The merit of the formation and organization of this university belongs to Yulia Mendeleeva, who was the director of the institution from the day it was founded until 1949. In 2010, new departments were opened here, two years later the university was given the status of a university, and in February 2013 practical medical activities began in the building of the Perinatal Center.
St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I. Pavlov
St. Petersburg State Medical University was founded in 1897. Today, this university includes educational, scientific and medical units. Among its graduates, the following famous people can be noted: Alexander Rosenbaum, Nikolai Anichkov, Valery Lebedev, Mikhail Shats. BehindDuring the years of its existence, St. Petersburg State Medical University has trained more than 60 thousand doctors, and today it continues to actively develop and work, maintains the standards of domestic medicine at a high level. This medical institute in St. Petersburg has a strong clinical base, which includes 17 clinics, 43 large clinics and hospitals, including the world's first infectious diseases hospital named after. S. Botkin, Children's Hospital. N. Filatova, Center for Heart, Blood and Endocrinology V. Almazov, Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology. D. Otta, Psychoneurological Institute. V. Bekhtereva, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.
In addition to those listed above, there are other equally well-known medical institutions in St. Petersburg, such as the Medical Academy. I. Mechnikova, Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy, Postgraduate Medical Institute.
Educational institutions of Siberia
This region of Russia is also famous for its medical traditions. For example, the history of SibGMU has more than 125 years. So, in 1888, the Faculty of Medicine was opened as part of the Tomsk Imperial University, and in 1930 it acquired the status of an independent university, in 1992 it became a university.
In Novosibirsk, in 1935, a teaching staff was assembled, which began their work in the newly organized medical school. In 2005, this university changed its status from an academy to a university. Today, more than 5,000 students study here and more than 1,700 employees work here. Novosibirsk State Medical Universityconducted in eight faculties and 76 departments.
Irkutsk Medical Institutes
ISMU is the first higher medical educational institution in the East of Russia, as well as one of the oldest in Siberia. It was opened in 1919 as a medical department at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. And just a year later, he stood out as an independent administrative unit - the Faculty of Medicine. The origins of this university were outstanding personalities, professors - the elite of the Kazan school, such as N. Bushmakin (the largest organizer and anatomist, rector of the university), N. Shevyakov (world famous biologist), N. Sinakevich (surgeon), V. Donskoy (founder Museum of Pathology) and many others. In the first year of its existence, the departments of pathological anomalies, normal anatomy and histology with a museum and a laboratory, bacteriology, topographic anatomy, operative surgery, and medical diagnostics began to function here. Hospital surgery was initiated. Throughout its history, this educational institution has grown and developed, and in 2012 ISMU receives the status of a university.
There is another equally well-known medical educational institution in Irkutsk - the State Academy of Postgraduate Education. This institution began its history in 1979. In the first decade of the academy's existence, the geography of its students included 11 administrative centers, that is, a region covering more than 60 percent of the territory of Russia. Listeners here were attracted by a very serious attitudeteaching staff to their duties, as well as qualified teaching of educational material. The Institute was expanding rapidly, new faculties were formed, the number of laboratories, departments grew, new clinical bases were formed. The organization of classes was also significantly improved, as well as the technical equipment of the educational process. Today, this university occupies a leading position among the country's medical schools.
SamSMU
The Samara Medical Institute has gone through a long, in many ways innovative way in its history, as a result it has become one of the largest and most respected universities in Russia. It all started in 1919, when Professor V. Gorinevsky, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Samara University, was elected at a solemn public meeting. Already in 1922, the first graduation of doctors took place (there were only 37 of them). From the graduates of the first years of the faculty's work came out wonderful scientists, he alth care organizers, well-known throughout the country. These are the future Minister of He alth G. Miterev, T. Eroshevsky, E. Kavetsky, G. Lavsky, I. Askalonov, V. Klimovitsky, I. Kukolev, Ya. Grinberg and many others. Eight years later, the Faculty of Medicine became an independent university, at the same time new institute clinics were created, as well as forms of joint work between society and medical science.
Samara State Medical University during the Great Patriotic War
A special page in the life of Samara State Medical University is connected with the military medical training of medical specialists. In fact, it was one offounders of the traditions of military medical education in Russia. The country was on the brink of war with Germany and was in dire need of military doctors. Everything was here: a decent educational and scientific base, and the presence of its own clinical institutions, and a serious teaching staff. All these factors played a decisive role, and the first military medical institute of the country was created on the basis of Samara State Medical University. In just four months, it was reorganized into a higher military educational institution. During the years of the Second World War, intensive scientific research did not stop here, the educational process did not stop for a single day. During this period, 432 military doctors were trained, most of whom went to the front.
KubGMU
In the south of the country, the Kuban State Medical University is considered the strongest medical university. It consists of 7 faculties, 64 departments, as well as a dental clinic, an obstetric and gynecological clinic. As for the teaching staff, it has 624 people teaching more than four thousand students. It was organized in 1920. The newly created departments were headed by such prominent figures in medicine as I. Savchenko (a student of I. Mechnikov, a selfless researcher of the cholera vaccine), N. Petrov (the founder of Russian oncology), A. Smirnov (a student of I. Pavlov) and others. Since 2005, this university has been accredited with the status of a university.
In conclusion
In modern Russia, the development of he alth care is 90 percent dependent on the quality of the educational process and qualifiedtraining of young specialists. Medical institutions, one might say, hold in their hands the future and he alth of the entire nation. The main task of these universities is not only to teach, but also to develop, as well as to conduct an offensive policy in the field of he althcare.
