Didactic principles must be strictly adhered to at every stage of education in the study of any school subject. One of the most important rules for teaching and, in fact, raising a child is the principle of consistency and systematicity. Without consistency in the presentation of the material, study will bring neither benefit, nor experience, nor the joy of learning.
The principle of consistency was developed by Jan Amos Comenius, who is still considered the father of didactics.
The principles of learning are…
What are didactic principles? This is the knowledge of how to properly structure and present the material, how to organize the learning process. These are also the requirements that the teacher must fulfill so that his work does not go unnoticed.
For the benefit of students, the teacher must strictly observe the seven basic principleslearning: consistency, visibility, accessibility, systematization, individual approach to students and taking into account the characteristics of the age of children. The whole essence of pedagogy is based on these principles.
Hierarchy of learning principles
In fact, there are no more important principles to single out. But we can say that without the principles of consistency, accessibility and visibility, training is completely ineffective. You cannot teach a child what he cannot understand or what is not in order.
If a school teacher does not follow the principle of consistency in his plans and notes, children will not be able to perceive his lessons. And in general, the percentage of success in his subject will be low.
The principle of systematicity and consistency
The principle of systematicity according to Jan Comenius sounds like this:
The whole set of training sessions should be carefully divided into classes - so that the previous one always opens the way for the next and illuminates the path for him.
This principle indicates that the teacher needs to learn to form and express his thoughts in such a way that his students develop a single image in the learning process. So knowledge will remain in memory for a long time.
Memory studies have found that after 48 hours almost 80% of material is forgotten. To be able to remember more, you need not only to constantly repeat the material, but also to connect it logically with what is already well known.
Implementation of the principle
How to put the principle into practicesystematic and consistent in teaching? How to build a lesson?
Here are some rules to help keep the principle.
- Take organizing lessons.
- In each topic, always identify the main ideas and explain the internal relationships between concepts.
- Distribute the material in such a way that the fragments of knowledge in each lesson are logically complete.
- Explain interdisciplinary connections to students.
- All notes, modules - all basic supporting literature must be consistent and include examples.
- Regularly review the material covered.
What else is needed to implement the principle? Firstly, a brilliant knowledge of the educational material, in order to be able not only to retell the text of the textbook in words, but also to give examples.
Second, you need a certain level of consciousness. Unfortunately, young graduates of pedagogical universities do not have such a level of consciousness. But without him, without love for children, in the end, pedagogy cannot exist.
Analysis and synthesis in teaching
For a detailed study of parts of the material, it is necessary to apply analysis. Analysis, as we know, is the abstract division of information into smaller segments and the study of each segment separately. After a thorough comprehensive study of each segment, a synthesis must be carried out.
Synthesis is a logical technique that combines elements into a whole. It is necessary to combine information again into something general and visual. abstract thingsare forgotten faster. And fragments of knowledge, devoid of any basis, are forgotten even faster.
The principle of systematic and consistent learning process allows you to plan training so that all the materials that have been studied earlier can become the basis for mastering a new topic. And a new topic, in turn, would become a prerequisite for subsequent conversations and explanations.
Visibility principle
Another important principle for the development of the child's mind is the principle of visibility. This rule states that abstract-theoretical learning is impossible without visual thinking. Figurative examples allow children to get clear ideas about the objects of reality.
Education and upbringing
In order to grow and form a whole harmonious personality, it is necessary to rely on the principle of systematicity and consistency in education.
Children are able to perceive a lot of information. But when it is all interconnected, then learning is even faster. The only condition is that the previous material should be well understood and not cause more questions or misunderstandings.
In adolescence, a person builds a single system of worldview, his own view of things. And if students have chaos in their heads from a large amount of disordered information, it will be more difficult for them to adapt in adult life.
Therefore, one of the tasks of a school teacher is to give not only specific scientific knowledge in his subject, but also a broad understanding of life, the practical sideitem.
Active learning methods
When a student is told everything and given the material in finished form, he gets bored. The human intellect is more active when it has to face obstacles, discover something, unravel. To activate the developing intelligence of children, active teaching methods are used: solving specific questions related to the topic, two groups of students or didactic games.
These methods are more productive; children not only learn with interest, but also build logical and analogous connections between concepts. The method must match the purpose. And interactive and active methods work best when the goal is to summarize the material covered over a long period. These lessons are always remembered, and the material, systematized in this way, is firmly rooted in memory.
Similarities and differences
Another good method to establish internal and external links between the elements of a theme is to give the task to find similarities and differences. The principle of systematicity and consistency implies the establishment of understandable strong links between the material being assimilated and what has already been studied.
Actively looking for connections between elements by students not only stimulates interest in the study of the subject, but also allows children to learn to establish cause-and-effect relationships on their own.
Conclusions
The principles of pedagogy must be followed when constructing a lesson summary. To implement the principle of consistencythe teacher is obliged to take into account how successfully his students mastered the previous material. And if what was learned earlier remained misunderstood, explain again. New terms and explanations are always hard to come by, so fairly illustrative examples should be prepared for explanations. The principle of systematization says that all the material covered should be remembered from time to time with the students and conduct generalizing lessons with them, in which they can show their knowledge and demonstrate intelligence and logic.
Thus, that is, by organizing a creative lesson, the teacher can most fully realize the principles of strength, systematicity and consistency. Without adherence to these principles, training is simply ineffective.
