Reading in school is not so much a subject of study as it is a means of teaching all the other subjects in the curriculum. Therefore, one of the main tasks facing the primary school teacher is to teach children to read consciously, fluently, correctly, work with text and develop the need for independent reading of books.
Reading skill includes the technical and semantic side of reading. Reading technique consists of the following components: method, correctness and pace. The semantic side includes: expressiveness and reading comprehension. One of the urgent problems in the primary grades remains the problem of assessing and monitoring the level of formation of all basic reading parameters.
Reading Technique: Verification Conditions in Primary Grades
1. Testing the child's reading technique in a calm and familiar environment.
2. In this case, the child should sit at a desk at a distance of one and a half to two meters from the inspector.
3. The first few sentences or three or four lines of textmust read without regard to time. This will give him the opportunity to "read" the text.
4. Text requirements:
- no incomprehensible, unfamiliar words;
- content accessible to students;
- font corresponding to the font of textbooks for elementary grades. When determining the number of words read per minute, conjunctions, prepositions, parts of words transferred from line to line, parts of a word written with a hyphen, containing more than three or four letters, are considered "separate words". For example, "quietly quietly" should be considered as two different words, and "firebird" as one, since the first part of this word has only 3 letters.
6. Checking the understanding of the content of the read text is carried out on 2-3 questions. You should not ask to retell the text for these purposes, since retelling is an indicator of the development of the student's coherent speech, and not reading skills.
Reading technique (Grade 1).
According to the official program requirement, first graders should read 25-30 words per minute. And by the end of the year, they should master the syllable-by-syllable fluent reading without errors, i.e. without substitutions, omissions, repetitions of words, syllables, letters, with the correct stress. At the same time, students should read short words in their entirety, and long ones - syllable by syllable. In addition, after reading, you need to assess reading comprehension by questions.
Reading technique (Grade 2).
Second graders, according to the program, at the end of the first half of the year should read 40 words, and at the end of the school year - 50 words per minute. The evaluation criteria are the same:correctness, understanding, expressiveness. The way to read the text is in whole words. Words with four or five syllables or more can be read syllable by syllable.
Reading technique (Grade 3).
Students in grade 3 at the end of the 1st semester should read 60 words, and at the end of the school year - 75 words per minute. The evaluation criteria are the same. The way to read the text is in whole words.
Reading technique (Grade 4).
Fourth grade students, according to the program, at the end of the 1st semester should read 70-80 words, and at the end of the school year - 85-95 words per minute. Reading technique is improving from class to class. To make this process interesting and effective, teachers and parents need to use a variety of exercises.
