An integrated approach is the use of an appropriate process to break down a problem into the elements needed to solve the problem. Each element becomes a smaller and easier task to represent the entire system as a whole. It follows that the use of inappropriate technologies or algorithms cannot divide the problem into the constituent elements necessary to solve it. Since this is not done or the execution was performed incorrectly, the problem cannot be resolved.
This article tells about why it is necessary to apply an integrated approach, how it works, in which areas it has become widespread. And also about what caused the change from an intuitive approach to decision-making to a structured one.
The birth of the question
Problem solving is puzzle solving. Every little problemit's a little piece of the puzzle to find.
Connecting the pieces of the puzzle involves understanding how the holistic approach system works. Once all the key elements are found and understood, the puzzle as a whole "connects".
The key word in the above definition is "complex". If the technology for solving the problem does not correspond to the existing problem, then it is possible to perform the process as efficiently as possible, but not solve the problem. For this reason, most people cannot solve complex problems. They use a deliberately inappropriate method without realizing it. In this case, the chosen algorithm will not solve the problem. You can look around, look into every detail, but if you do not use the appropriate integrated approach, you will never find enough pieces of the puzzle to solve a complex problem. Even the most incredible and heroic efforts will lead to zero if the wrong technology is used to solve the problem.
The lack of technology to match this problem means, for example, that alchemists have failed to turn lead into gold. This is why so many people and organizations and social movements fail to translate opportunity into success.
System versus complex
When interconnected phenomena are analyzed and regularly juxtaposed against each other for observation and analysis, they lose the characteristic dynamics of their interconnected relationships.
The premise of an integrated approach is thatthat the whole is different from the sum of its parts. The systems approach that has dominated the scientific world for decades has made everything overly "systematic", making it difficult to represent unresolvable complex phenomena and their dynamics.
Complex can be understood, but not formulated. Understanding the complex cannot be reduced to computational and digital analysis. An integrated approach allows you to have several systems. Where the interconnection of systems can be formulated, systematic observations can be made.
Most phenomena are complex. By disassembling part of the complex into parts and isolating it from circumstances, you can get a controlled system. However, the created system can influence the circumstances that affect the rest of the complex. For example, the systematic cutting of trees in a forest can lead to erosion, floods, drought, and habitat loss for many species of animals living in the area.
Not just numbers and calculations
The integrated approach is “structuring the analysis”. What does it mean? The word "analysis" means breaking down a problem into its constituent elements. This reduces a complex question to the simplest terms.
In the instinctive approach, the mind usually remains closed to consideration of alternatives, preferring instead the first satisfactory solution. Consequently, the result is often erroneous, or at least less effective.
In a structured approach, the mind is open to explore alternatives, allowing eachelement of a solution or problem in a single, systematic and sufficient manner, ensuring that all alternatives are considered. At the same time, the output result is always more effective than with the instinctive approach.
Comprehensive approach provides deep problem solving. In the process of analysis, the problem is broken down into smaller ones that can be solved autonomously. At the heart of the analysis is the technology for its implementation. The process is an ordered sequence of iterations aimed at achieving the goal, for example, cooking salad "Herring under a fur coat" according to the recipe. For a process to work, it must match the problem and be executed correctly.
Ways to solve
An integrated approach is the formal use of analytical activity to solve problems. The first rules of formal reasoning were invented by Aristotle (from 384 to 322 BC). A competent line of reasoning includes the presentation of constituent elements (factors) with intermediate and final conclusions.
With an integrated approach, the existing problem is broken down into its constituent elements to understand the issue. The paths representing the solution are then considered.
Foundations
The reason why a comprehensive approach is needed to evaluate any task is that systems are becoming too complex to analyze intuitively, because intelligence has a limit on the amount of data processing. Each element must be presented formally: accuratewritten description or equations so that the performer of the tasks can repeat the analysis. Complex problems contain hundreds of elements and thousands of relationships between them.
Scientific teachings
Before the invention of the scientific method in the 17th century, science was based on tradition and conjecture. Subsequently, an integrated approach was developed. This is an important change, science has moved to a new productive way of thinking, which led to the industrial revolution. Science knows of no other method that would allow reliable knowledge to be obtained. This should be proof enough that complex problems require an integrated approach.
Complex problems require analysis because finding a solution in the best possible way requires a rigorously structured approach. Correct analysis requires reliable understanding, that is, reliable knowledge. The only way to obtain valid or true knowledge is through the scientific method. Because it is analytical, the holistic approach process is one of the main ways to solve complex problems.
Education
An important goal in the education and upbringing of children is the timely provision of the physical, personal and intellectual development of a teenager. To address this issue, it is necessary to comprehensively identify the tasks and solutions. According to the standards introduced by the state services in the field of education, there is an assessment system in educational institutions, which is a comprehensive approach to assessing resultseducation of schoolchildren (subjects, metasubjects, personal achievements).
The assessment system used in schools is aimed at an impartial assessment of students' knowledge, at the formation of constructive and adequate self-esteem in children, at encouraging them to achieve special personal results. At the same time, students are allowed to show curiosity and ask questions to the teacher to gain more knowledge and skills.
Safety
By looking at the complex systems of an organization as a whole, analysts find out whether the individual elements perform the main task of the subsystem. Otherwise, is there an integration of the functions of the manager and various departments to ensure optimal collective productivity and efficiency at minimal cost.
Some organizations take a systems-integrated approach to safety assessment to eliminate the high probability of project correction and undesirable increase in project costs. This allows you to identify critical deficiencies at any stage of the project life cycle. What is it for? A complete picture is needed to protect the working group from gross errors and errors in the final phases of the project.
Currently, Veracode, OWASP, Cisco, SDL from Microsoft are the most common security methods.
Management
The last few years there has been a trend to use computer technology to solve problems of automation and process control. Modern computer control systemsshould be user-friendly, flexible and easily customizable. Conducting a complete system analysis is a lengthy and costly process for an organization. The integrated approach of the organization, implemented by analysts in the company, will bring the systems they have developed into an adapted and user-friendly form.
In today's environment, organizations are constantly making changes in response to internal and external transformations. Some of these changes focus on processes, others on technology, and still others on organizational structure. Each of these transformations, regardless of type, affects how individual employees perform their jobs. The success of change depends on advances in change management.
Influence of external factors
The economic conditions of the country and the world affect the income of most small businesses. Politics, socio-cultural trends also influence the environment in which companies operate. For example, a logging company sells more lumber when the economy is strong and strong and houses are being built. However, lumber companies are under increasing pressure from environmentalists and government regulations to produce sawnwood in an environmentally friendly way. The stakeholders of the company - owners, employees, suppliers, customers - also indicate their requirements: profitability of activities, stable production of sawn timber. To continue business, the forestry organization must use a systems-integrated approach to analyze all internal and externalfactors.
Influence of internal factors
For a company to achieve organizational integration, it must align its company's strategy, culture, skills, technology, structure, and management style with its goals. This assumes that every department and employee understands the strategic direction of the company. It also includes informing stakeholders why the company is committing funds to certain projects and why the costs of products or services are rising. An integrated approach is employee training, using public relations to inform stakeholders and maintain communication systems. It is used in management, marketing, engineering, information security, training, education, organization management, quality and risk management.
Ways to solve
The Comprehensive Results Approach includes three main strategies for achieving successful organizational change. They are not mutually exclusive, meaning all three can be applied at the same time to provide system changes.
Behavioral strategy
Uses an approach to employee learning and development. It is expected that the training of employees will lead to the necessary organizational changes. The sessions will consist of acquiring knowledge, skills and new approaches that will lead to new behaviors that can improve quality and performance by an order of magnitude.
Structural strategy
Uses the approachorganizational design. This means that the organizational structure and design must be aligned (or structured) with the vision, direction, mission, and goals of the organization. The structural strategy will include changes in the organizational structure. Employees, divisions and departments can be reallocated to optimize resources. For example, the hierarchy can be simplified and the decision-making process closer to the performer.
Technical strategy
Using a continuous improvement approach. This means processes in the areas of customer focus, product and service delivery, support, and sourcing and partnerships can be improved. This strategy also provides for the constant updating of technologies in accordance with the processes of production and service. So the company's activities become more efficient and effective.
