When studying all that huge set of spelling rules of the Russian language, you can pay attention to the fact that when explaining some of them, a principle based on 1, 2 and 3 declensions of nouns is used. However, in fact, without repetition, few people remember this material. This is not surprising, because declensions of nouns pass in the 3rd grade. But don't worry. After carefully studying this article, you will be able to easily navigate everything related to declensions, for example, in the endings of 3rd declension nouns. However, and not only in them.
Basic 3 declensions of nouns
Declension - change of nouns by numbers (categories divided by quantitative characteristics; the number can be singular and plural) and cases (categories expressing the location of parts of speech in relation to each other or by syntactic role in a sentence). 3 declensions of nouns that most have known since elementary school,belong to the productive type of declensions. There are also nouns that belong to the unproductive type of declension. However, they will be described below, and now you can study the table of 3 declensions of nouns.
| Declination | First declension | Second declension | Third declension |
| Gen | masculine/feminine/common | masculine/neuter | feminine |
| Endings in initial form | -a/-z | -e/-o | zero ending |
In case you don't know about common nouns, you can look at these examples: slob, crybaby, sleepyhead, quitter, bully, orphan, colleague, headman, deadhead, nerd, cripple, slob, dirty, sneak, sweet tooth, quiet, touchy, simpleton, hard worker, fidget, upstart, wicked, clever, good fellow, warrior, ignorant, ignorant, glutton; and also (rude) dumbass, bulldozer, hypocrite, etc. Surely you already understood that common nouns can refer to both a man and a woman, which is why they got their name. In addition, nouns of the middle gender also include the names of some nationalities (Saami, Mansi and others), breeds (Bulanka) and representatives of groups (vis-a-vis). According to the same principle, foreign surnames and Russian surnames with the endings -o/-s/-ih should be considered as belonging to a common gender.
In addition to the main 3 declensions of nouns, called productive, there are also unproductive declensions, which will now be considered.
Nouns of the adjectival declension type
These include nouns that were originally adjectives. This means that the initial form of such "former adjectives" coincides with the nominative form of nouns of the adjective declension type (from the Latin adjectivus - adjective).
Different nouns
This group includes nouns that fit at least 2 main types of declension. In addition, they include all nouns that end in -mya.
Mixed declension nouns
They are nouns with meanings of Russian surnames or localities. However, this only applies to names and titles ending in -in(o)/-ov(o).
Indeclensible nouns
These include nouns that are always used in their initial form. Such nouns always have only either the singular or the plural.
Examples
Examples of nouns in 3 declensions:
| Declination | Examples |
| First declension | man, woman, Sanya, stock |
| Second declension | diary, field, sky |
| Third declension | mouse |
Examples of declension of productive nouns singular:
| Declination | First | Second | Third | |||
| Nominative | girl | cameo | human | field | news | horse |
| Genitive | girls | cameo | human | fields | news | horses |
| Dative | girl | cameo | human | field | news | horses |
| Accusative | girl | cameo | human | field | news | horse |
| Instrumental | girl | cameo | human | field | news | horse |
| Prepositional case | about a girl | about cameo | about a person | about the field | about news | about the horse |
Examples of declension of productive plural nouns:
| Declination | First | Second | Third | |||
| Nominative | girls | cameos | people | fields | news | horses |
| Genitive | girls | cameo | people | fields | news | horses |
| Dative | girls | cameo | to people | fields | news | horses |
| Accusative | girls | cameos | people | fields | news | horses |
| Instrumental | girls | cameos | people | fields | news | horses/horses |
| Prepositional case | about girls | about cameos | about people | about margins | about the news | about horses |
Examples of nouns of unproductive declension types:
- Adjective type of nouns: bathroom, teacher's room, worker, subject, hallway, children's room.
- Different nouns: path, child, banner, tribe.
- Nouns of mixed declension: Belov, Serov, Malinino, Ivanovo.
- Indefinable nouns: coffee, cafe, coat, scissors.
If you read carefully, now you know all about the 1st, 2nd and 3rd declensions of nouns.
