Moscow is the capital of our Motherland. Many people have been to this city. Someone loves him, someone hates him. But one cannot but admit that Moscow is architecturally beautiful and historically rich, especially its center. Agree, of Russian cities, only St. Petersburg can compete in the number of significant memorial sites, buildings, museums, and the like. Where is the first thing a tourist who arrives in Moscow seeks? Think right. There are riches on Red Square: Lobnoye Mesto, the famous monument to Minin and Pozharsky, the tomb of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, who is also a mausoleum. The neighbors of Red Square are GUM, the Historical Museum and the Kazan Cathedral, St. Basil's Cathedral.
Lobnoye mesto is not Dom-2 for you
This is not where people just sit. In fact, it is very sad that the modern generation, with the phrase "frontal place", first thinks about not the most intellectual program of Russian television. But we will hope for the best in the future. For now, only a very small partrecalls that this is a historical place on Red Square. The history of the Execution Ground includes many different events, which we will talk about later. Now let's forget about the generation of the 21st century. So, returning to an educated society, let us recall that the Execution Ground is an architectural monument of Ancient Russia, which is an elevation surrounded by a stone fence.
Where did the name come from: version one
The etymology and history of the Execution Ground cause a lot of controversy among historians and linguists. Disagreements and conflicts continue to this day. One of the existing versions of where the name came from is that the “frontal place” appeared due to the fact that it was here that “foreheads were chopped / folded”. But this is a wrong theory.
Many believe that it was here that public executions took place in the 14th-19th centuries. It is not true. As history says, the Execution Ground on Red Square was intended for publicity of the decrees of the kings and a variety of solemn public events. Executions, as a rule, were carried out on Bolotnaya Square. In 1682, for the first time, a person was deprived of his life at the Execution Ground. It was the schismatic Nikita Pustosvyat. In 1685, a decree was issued that ordered from now on to carry out executions at the Execution Ground. But a new reprisal against people objectionable to the authorities took place here only in 1698, this happened during the suppression of the streltsy rebellion.
Where did the name come from: version two
There are sources that claim that the phrase "frontal place" is translated as Kraniy's place(from Greek) or Golgotha (from Hebrew). Another option associates the name only with the location. The point is located at the very beginning of Vasilyevsky Spusk, which in the Middle Ages was called forehead. This is where the name of the place supposedly came from.
The beginning of the story
Urban Moscow legends say that the Execution Ground appeared in the year of the expulsion of the Tatars from Moscow, the events took place in 1521. It was first mentioned on the pages of the chronicles in 1549, when Ivan the Terrible made a speech to the people with a call for peace among the warring boyars. At that time he was only 20 years old. According to the Moscow drawing from the time of Godunov, it can be seen that the Execution Ground was a brick platform, which was rebuilt in stone in 1597-1598. In addition, from historical information it is also clear that the platform had a lattice made of wood and a tent or canopy fixed on poles.
Repair of the Execution Ground in the 18th century
The beginning of the century was marked by plans for a big remake. The first restoration of the Execution Ground in 1753 was carried out by Dmitry Vladimirovich Ukhtomsky, who was the chief architect in Moscow during the reign of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. In 1768 it was moved east of its original location. A stone railing and an entrance (an iron grate and a door) are added around the circumference to the elevated round platform. The path to the upper platform consisted of eleven steps.
Historical value
The biggest value inHistory Lobnoye Mesto had during the reign of Peter I. From ancient times and until the October Revolution, solemn church processions with a large cross, icons and banners around the temple or from one temple to another made a stop next to it, from where the bishop overshadowed the common people with a sign. Since 1550, this place takes on a different meaning and becomes royal. It is called the royal tribunal or pulpit. Before the beginning of the reign of Peter I, important state decrees were announced to the people at the Execution Ground. Sometimes there were celebrations. According to the Polish ambassadors, in 1671, the ruling tsar appeared to the people at Lobnoye Mesto once a year. If his heir had already reached the age of 16 by that time, then he showed it to people. A variety of issues were covered at the Execution Ground: the election of a new patriarch, the beginning or end of the war, and the like.
History of the 20th century
With coming to power, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin develops a plan for monumental propaganda. In accordance with it, in 1919, a monument to "Stepan Razin with a gang" was erected at the Execution Ground, wooden and painted like a folk toy. But the weather conditions played a role, so the ensemble was moved to an indoor museum. In 1928, a new sculpture, "International Solidarity", was installed at Lobnoye Mesto, which was part of the complex decoration of Red Square for the November 7th holiday. Until 1940, in different variations, the sculpture was installed every year for the holiday. B
1945, for the June Victory parade, a grandiose fountain was built on the Execution Ground, onon the top of which there were a worker and a collective farmer, a statue with greenery and fresh flowers. It looked impressive. Photos of the Execution Ground of that time show all the architectural we alth of the Soviet period.
What now? Today, Lobnoye Mesto is one of the constituent parts of the architectural ensemble of Red Square and is under state protection. Until recently, tourists followed an interesting and widespread tradition in many countries - to throw a coin inside the building in order to return to this place again. However, now they are throwing them near the sign "Zero Kilometer of Russia". You can get to the part of the city where Execution Ground is located by metro, the nearest stations to it are Revolution Square, Teatralnaya, Okhotny Ryad. It is enough to use the map and plan your route correctly.
Why is it considered that when visiting Red Square you must see the Execution Ground? Story. That's the whole answer, simple and uncomplicated. Just think about it, these stones keep more than four centuries of history, remember many different events: from cruel executions to solemn national events. If you ever stand near the Execution Ground, think about the fact that four hundred years ago people also stood here and listened to the king or his messengers, who announced such news that could radically change the lives of ordinary people. History must not be forgotten. As is known among the people that do not remember theirpast, no future.
