Vasily Tatishchev - this is the name, most likely, at the hearing of an educated person. But not everyone can clearly articulate what it is connected with and what it symbolizes. But the fact is that today the reconnaissance ship "Vasily Tatishchev" of the Russian navy plows the ocean and often gets into the media. But there is a reason why the glorious designers chose this name. And here's a no-brainer! And he was an outstanding person, and for connoisseurs of history - a real symbol. Yes, and the ship of the B altic Fleet "Vasily Tatishchev" has no less extraordinary.
What do we know about the ship?
The ship was built not so long ago, in the 80s of the twentieth century. And today he is not yet thirty years old, because he was launched in November 1987. On the 27th, a shipyard in the city of Gdansklaunched the communication ship "SSV-231". Almost a year later, on this ship, by order of the commander of the Twice Red Banner B altic Fleet, the flag of the USSR was raised. This was in the near future "Vasily Tatishchev". The ship did not change its purpose with the collapse of the country, but in 1998 the command of the medium reconnaissance ship concluded an agreement with the leadership of Kuibyshevazot JSC in Togliatti on patronage relations. And it was a fateful decision. Since two years later the vessel was renamed into the CER "Vasily Tatishchev" due to the perseverance of the mayor of the city of Togliatti, the founder of which is considered to be this historical figure. Having such a short history, the reconnaissance ship of the B altic Fleet "Vasily Tatishchev" still managed to visit 22 campaigns along the route across the Atlantic Ocean, the B altic and North, as well as the Mediterranean Sea. According to public data, its "mileage" is 340 thousand nautical miles. But the time on the road is only three years in total, since the displacement of the vessel is 3.4 tons, they will not drive it without the need. What else can surprise "Vasily Tatishchev"? The ship is one of eight ships built according to Project 864 "Meridian" back in the Soviet Union. But even today it is the crown of military shipbuilding, designed to receive any information by intercepting radio communications.
Vasily Tatishchev is a ship with a glorious history
There is a constant confrontation of various kinds of forces and a redistribution of spheres in the worldinfluence. At all times, spies in this game provided very powerful assistance and sometimes played a decisive role. In our computer age, electronic spies have replaced people, and electronic intelligence systems have replaced embedded intelligence officers. Such systems are different - from the tiniest types of equipment to aircraft and ships. It is precisely such a system for collecting intelligence that the reconnaissance ship of the B altic Fleet "Vasily Tatishchev" is. Recently, the ship has shown itself most clearly in support of aircraft and other reconnaissance groups of Russia in Syria. He left the B altic Sea, his permanent place of residence, and, according to some media sources, was sent to the shores of Syria in the eastern Mediterranean. The main task of the crew was to monitor the situation on the air not only in Syria, but also in the nearest neighboring countries. Territorial waters and the free zone appear to have been no exception either. The reconnaissance ship "Vasily Tatishchev" is not the first time leaving the B altic. There is evidence that the war in Yugoslavia was also under the supervision of this intelligence officer. Therefore, one can hardly believe that such a glorious and large ship moves from the B altic Sea over long distances simply for pleasure or general information purposes. The ship is able to make up for the absence or loss of ground bases if it is necessary to use them very actively. Such engineering structures as the Vasily Tatishchev ship will always impress. The photo below is absolutely not exclusive. But seeing him not inB altic latitudes, the whole world can only be wary.
Back to the historical figure
The bright beginning of the development of science in Tsarist Russia, as well as in Europe, is associated with a small number of names. But these people embodied a real genius, were interested in various areas and left behind a huge amount of invaluable material that today such a volume can be envied if not by the whole institute, then the department for sure. On a par with the well-known name of M. V. Lomonosov is also the personality of Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev. By type of activity, he was an administrative official under Peter I. By education, he was an engineer. But by the nature of his hobbies - a historian, economist, geographer, educator, champion of printing and general education of the population.
Such a keen understanding of where and what the future of the country, already at the beginning of the 18th century, focused attention on important issues, which, unfortunately, did not begin to be resolved soon. Yes, and Vasily Tatishchev sacrificed a lot of himself. But his contemporaries could not appreciate it, they could not but cause his actions to start and denunciations, the authorities could not appreciate and apply such advanced and ahead of time ideas. Although it is with such individuals that progress in history begins.
A few lines from the biography
Tatishchev Vasily Nikitich, whose contribution to history is simply priceless, was born on April 19, 1686. Educated in Moscow, graduatingArtillery and Engineering schools. He began his career under Peter I as a military man, participating in the Northern War at the beginning of the 18th century. Already at the end of the war, Tatishchev began to draw up geographical maps, being carried away by both history and geography for the rest of his life. Continuing his career in the civil service, Tatishchev receives a referral to the Urals as a manager of state-owned factories. Then he headed the Mint for some time. In addition, he was also the head of the Kalmyk and Orenburg commissions. In total, Vasily Tatishchev served as a civil servant for 42 years, ending his career in 1745, five years before his death. Having been removed from his post as governor of Astrakhan, Vasily Nikitich was exiled to the Moscow region, to the Boldino estate. Here, in a calm atmosphere, he is finishing his "History of Russia", materials for which he has been collecting all his life. But let's take things one step at a time and in more detail.
Vasily Tatishchev. Discoveries
Wherever a genius is and whatever he does, his talent and creativity will always be embodied in deeds and deeds. So, having twice headed the Ural plants, an engineer by education both times tried to reorganize the mining industry and launched large-scale projects. It was far from Moscow from here, but issues should be resolved with her. The delivery of correspondence at that time took many months, which could not satisfy the energetic and serious figure. Tatishchev developed and even began to implement a new type of mail, completely alien to Russia. And the contribution of Vasily Tatishchev to the opening of schools and the organizationeducation of the general population simply cannot be overestimated. He also manages to arrange fairs and almshouses. In connection with his line of work, the head of the factories could not help but influence the creation of mining laws. It is also being introduced into the development of new crafts. As a top administrator, Vasily Tatishchev performs not only direct duties, but also takes on the functions of a voivode, a judge, and even a governor. Do you know who was the founder of Stavropol (now Tolyatti), Yekaterinburg and Perm? That's right - Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev.
The Urals during the time of Peter the Great began to develop very actively. Deforestation was so barbaric, illiterate, cruel that over the next 50 years of such an attitude, not a single tree would have remained in the Urals. And it is simply impossible to restore such a forest without human help and in such a short time. It can be seen that environmental problems have always followed man and progress. Perhaps the gratitude of descendants for everything should be just such an indifferent and attentive person as Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev, who opened the eyes of officials and authorities to environmental problems already in the 18th century and developed a mining management project. In the duties of the chief, he put a clause on the need to preserve forests. Moreover, according to the issued decree, deforestation in the vicinity of the newly emerged city of Yekaterinburg was strictly forbidden and punishable by death. It is in this city that there is a unique monument where Peter I, the autocrat and the storm of Russian history, proudlyrises hand in hand with his junior associate - Vasily Tatishchev.
Hobbies turned science
Vasily Tatishchev did not forget about his hobbies in history and geography and directed to their development any opportunities that the life of an official and travel around the country provided him. Any historical written sources, as well as the first Russian maps of the Urals and Siberia, are collected by an outstanding historian and cartographer. And, to the best of his ability, he makes copies of such materials and distributes them in a useful direction. He sends out maps to surveyors for compiling new maps. At the same time, he organizes the search for minerals, personally collects ore samples, forcing, among other things, to describe and produce drawings of the deposits themselves. Such a wide flow of information allowed Tatishchev to collect extensive and varied scientific material. The organizer of such work was able to perpetuate and preserve countless information on Siberian geography and archeology, but at the same time on history, ethnography and even linguistics. The scientist combined every business trip with scientific research, sometimes even with scientific expeditions. He studied the language, life and customs of the local population, nature and the environment, collecting entire collections of minerals and plants. He very carefully examined the Kungur cave and was interested in mineral springs. With such a volume of work and with such organizational skills, few can match.
Tatishchev's advanced thinking
Everyone knows that people who care about the future always think big and deep. Such individuals are alwaysit is no longer the problem of daily bread that worries, but important and global issues. Vasily Tatishchev, who opened the possibility for understanding Siberia, was carried away by history and science, and first of all thought about his descendants and their future. Is it really a great wisdom to understand that, while developing science, production, construction, military affairs, specialists are needed to implement and support all this? And it is necessary to instill the necessary qualities and raise people who know their business from childhood.
Already in the first years of his administration in the Urals, Tatishchev opened schools for teaching geometry and mining. Schools were public, but required literacy. In pursuance of this, the duty was assigned to the zemstvo police officers. So that they prepare a room for a school in each settlement, where the clergy could teach at least ten peasants how to read and write. Later, a mining school was opened in Yekaterinburg, which made it possible to combine theoretical training with the practical application of knowledge at the plant. This was a novelty even for Europe. But even Peter I did not fully share such a scale of the educational approach with Tatishchev.
Relations between Tatishchev and Peter I
Vasily Nikitich was a very emotional and unusual person. He thought outside the box and quite broadly. The autocrat listened to the original thoughts of his associate, but sometimes the scientist's judgments went beyond what was allowed. Painfully, they were free, and the servant of the king himself was not afraid to enter into an argument with the lord.
Knowing the nature of Peter I, it is unlikely that he liked it. So Vasily Tatishchev insisted, for example, that the opening of simple schools should be a priority in education. After all, it is simply necessary to prepare students of the first stage first, so that later they will have the opportunity and human resources to master science already at the academy. Because otherwise, there will simply be no one to teach when professors from Germany and Sweden come at the invitation of the tsar. Then science will come to Russia to deal with itself, but there will simply be no one to teach. Unfortunately, Peter I did not listen to Tatishchev's advice, and the situation in the future turned out to be just that. The biography of Vasily Tatishchev, among other things, is also replete with ill-wishers. There were many of them around the court. They successfully whispered to the tsar about the misdeeds of a distant Ural outstanding official, which the culprit himself could not suspect at all. The latter's breadth of thought, idealism and adherence to principles have always frightened opponents. And how could one not be afraid of such sky-high fantasies, and even with such an influence on the sovereign? This explains the constant accusations, harassment and litigation. And although all this ended with Tatishchev's justification, it did not allow him to live and work in peace, constantly distracting him from business and taking up time. But be that as it may, Peter I still supported and encouraged the affairs of Tatishchev.
Tatishchev in Europe
The death of Peter I found Vasily Tatishchev in Sweden, where an executive official was carrying out the order of the king. But after the change of power, our hero remainedcompletely without support and without money, so that there would even be something to return to their homeland. But Vasily Tatishchev was not particularly upset because of this. He got acquainted with the scientific elite of Sweden, proofread and corrected all the articles about Russia in Gibner's dictionary "Lexicon …". Scientific work did not stop with him for a minute. A Russian historian wrote in Latin and published in Sweden an article about mammoth bones discovered in the Kungur cave. He closely communicated with academicians, was especially interested in the Swedish economy. His interest was practical, so that in the future this knowledge could be used in Russia. It was thanks to Tatishchev that the Swedish poetess Sofya Brenner wrote a poem about Peter I based on a brief description of the great deeds of the tsar compiled by Tatishchev.
Retirement and last years of life
Returning home, Vasily Tatishchev was no longer able to regain his former position and influence. The Empress moves him all the time from place to place, each time moving away from the capital. But in each new place, Tatishchev successfully mastered and even began to implement the reforms of the sphere subject to him. So, for example, in the Moscow Coin Office, he proposed a reform of the then Russian monetary system. Later, he was thrown into settling conflicts with the Kazakh tribes, Kalmyks, and even sent to the Bashkir rebellion. But denunciations continue to fly to the capital, and at the insistence of the Senate in 1745, the Empress issues a decree on the release of Tatishchev from his post, and also imposes a ban on him to come to St. Petersburg and leave his villages. So Tatishchev, already weakened by illness, falls under the housearrest and settled in his estate near Moscow. But a real genius never calms down and does not despair. Boldino becomes like a branch of the Academy of Sciences. Until the last, Tatishchev Vasily Nikitich remained active and incorrigible. The main works and achievements of this period were identified in the publication of the "History of the Russian", his own writing, as well as in preparation for the publication of the book "Sudebnik Ivan the Terrible" with Tatishchev's comments.
In addition, the academy received notes from a scientist about the eclipse of the Sun and Moon, a proposal for publishing an alphabet with figures and inscriptions, as well as comments for correcting the Russian alphabet. The scientist continues to think about religious tolerance, which often angered the highest circles of power. Also, the thinker analyzes and makes his proposals for improving the legislation of Russia, guided mainly by the conviction that people most tend to take care of themselves only, not remembering others. And the common good is not at all worth worrying about for ordinary people. Also, proposals and projects were made for the reformation of the economy.
Despite the vicissitudes of fate, Vasily Tatishchev never parted with optimism and vigorous activity. Receiving nothing in return, he gives twice as much as was even required. Never tired or complaining about anything. But after all, the career did not succeed, there was no family life as such, there were very few friends, and there were a dime a dozen enemies. Like any other genius, Tatishchev was ahead of his time. But he did not meekly wait, but acted as an instigator anda passionate servant of everything that was completely not perceived by contemporaries, but as a result became a reality. Although Tatishchev himself did not see the fruits of his labors, but without him these accomplishments would have come to Russia even more late. There would be more such people now and less spokes in their wheels.
