Can you draw or sign the Angiosperm Organs Chart yourself? Grade 7 studies this topic in the course of botany. If this task is causing you difficulties, then check out our article.
What plants are called angiosperms?
This systematic group occupies a dominant position in the system of the organic world. At the present stage, it has more than 250 species. Signs of the department Angiosperms are the presence of flowers and fruits. Seeds have a supply of nutrients and develop in the ovary of the pistil. This provides reliable protection against the negative effects of the environment. The life forms of angiosperms, or flowering plants, can be herbs, shrubs, or trees.
Organs of Angiosperms: Diagram
Let's start with the definition of the concept. An organ is a part of a plant that occupies a certain position, has a characteristic structure associated with the functions it performs. They can be classified by location. Such a diagram of the organs of angiosperms can be represented as follows:
- The underground part is the root.
- The aerial part is a shoot, the structural parts of which are the stem, leaves, buds and flowers.
Classification of Organs
There are also vegetative and generative organs of angiosperms. It is impossible to distinguish between them on a diagram or photograph, since this classification is functional. Vegetative organs provide growth, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis. These are root, stem and leaves. Their function is also vegetative reproduction. During this process, a new organism develops from the multicellular part of the mother.
Generative organs provide sexual reproduction. This group includes flower, fruit and seed. Consider the structure of each organ in more detail.
Vegetative organs
This group of organs of angiosperms, the scheme and structure of which we consider in our article, fully ensures the viability of the organism. The root absorbs water from the substrate with a solution of mineral s alts, fixes the plant in the soil, and accumulates nutrients.
The stem, which is the axial part of the shoot, determines the spatial position. This organ is the basis of the aerial part, it is a kind of "transport highway" between the root and the leaves. The latter are the lateral honor of the escape. In the leaves, two important processes are carried out - photosynthesis (the formation of organic substances frommineral due to the energy of solar radiation) and transpiration (evaporation of water).
Generative reproduction
Among the organs of angiosperms, the layout of which is presented below, an important place is occupied by a flower. This is a modified shoot that performs sexual reproduction. Its main parts are the pistil and stamen, which contain the sex cells - gametes. The process of their fusion, or fertilization, is always preceded by pollination. This is the transfer of male gametes from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the pistil. The fusion of germ cells occurs in its lower expanded part - the ovary.
Angiosperms are characterized by the process of double fertilization. What is the essence of this process? In the ovary of the pistil there are two cells: the reproductive and the central germinal. Each of them fuses with the male gamete. Their result is the formation of an embryo surrounded by a supply of nutrients (endosperm). Together, these structures form a seed. Outside, it is covered with a peel that protects the embryo from temperature extremes and mechanical damage.
Look closely at the organ diagram of Angiosperms. What structure have we not named yet? Naturally, this is the fruit. This organ is formed as a result of flower development. In turn, it consists of seeds and pericarp, which can be juicy or dry. Apple, achene, caryopsis, berry, pumpkin, box, drupe, etc. There are many types of fruits, but they are united by their functions. These include the development, protection andseed distribution.
Flowing Benefits
We examined the features of the structure and location of the organs of angiosperms. The scheme of the gymnosperm department will look different. Surely you have already guessed that there will be no flowers on it, and therefore no fruits. Remember what spruce or pine looks like. Their seeds develop openly on the scales of cones and are not protected by anything. When ripe, they spill out onto the substrate and germinate only under favorable conditions. This is a sufficient amount of heat and light. And they are not always there. Angiosperms do not experience such difficulties. Favorable conditions are created inside the ovary for the full development of seeds, and the fruits provide warmth, additional moisture and nutrition.
We hope that now the 7th grade students will be able to not only sign the Angiosperm Organs scheme, but also draw it up on their own.
