Public education appeared only about four thousand years ago. But the social evolution of mankind has more than fifty thousand years. Long before the emergence of statehood, there were already some norms of communication between people, regulation, power, management. In science, all these relations are called mononorms. But what is it? The mononorm is a traditional household regulator, the germ of morality and law.
Types of regulators
Mononorma is a single, common rule of behavior for all (or a set of norms and rules). Pershits, an outstanding domestic historian and ethnographer, identified the following types of relationships:
1) family and marriage;
2) gender division of labor;
3) rules of war and hunting;
4) division of food by gender and social hierarchy;
5) resolve conflicts between individual members of the community.
Morality of primitive man
Mononorms of primitive society are characterized by the fact that there was no division of rights and obligations according to the types of norms - moral, religious. Often, society was regulated by certain forms of taboos (prohibitions), which were perceived by prehistoric people as dogmas (prescriptions) emanating from spirits or gods (supernatural forces). It was obligatory that these norms were fixed by magical and religious sanctions. The moral and legal system that was emerging at that time was characterized by the so-called "totemic" form, that is, some animal or plant was declared sacred. Totemism is the belief that there is a supernatural relationship between a tribe and a certain kind of plant/animal or even object. As a result, people were forbidden to kill this animal (or pluck the plant). In some way, such a mononorm is the primitive prototype of the Red Book as an environmental regulator.
What could be?
Mononorma is a way of regulation, often unconditional, which dates back to ancient times. In the prehistoric era, among the various methods of influencing the society that was just beginning to take shape, there were mainly prohibitions. But there was a small share and permissions (permissions), often positive. For example, incest (incest) and violation of the division of functional duties in the tribe/community were prohibited. At the same time, hunting was allowed in certain areas for some species.animals. The positive regulation of social relations consisted in the designation of goals: the rationalization of food preparation, the construction of dwellings, the manufacture of tools, and so on. But still these norms did not distinguish a person from the nature around him. They only contributed to the creation of effective methods for appropriating the elements of nature (for example, making fire or raising domestic animals).
How do we learn about these regulators?
For a primitive man, mononorm is a tribal duty and necessity. In our time, you can find echoes of these rules and prohibitions in customs, rituals, myths, and rituals. Custom is the first historical regulator of relations between tribes and individuals. It was the rituals that consolidated the useful and rational models of behavior developed over the centuries, which were then passed down through generations and reflected the interests of all members of the tribe equally. Customs changed very slowly, which was quite consistent with the pace of development that was standard for the society of those times. Compliance with the prescribed rituals was the responsibility of each individual member of the community, which then resulted in a strong habit. It was the indisputability of tribal customs that became the basis for the common interests of the members of the tribe, their equality, and the absence of contradictions between interests.
