A verb in English is a part of speech denoting an action, a state of a person or an object.
The same is the verb to have. Its translation from English is the meaning of the synonyms "to have", "possess" or "possess". But this verb differs from other verbs in English in that it has separate forms for third person singular nouns and pronouns.
Verb forms to have
The verbs have, has or had are the same verb. Only in different forms and times. Let's look at the formal difference for now.
The first form of have is an infinitive, used only with the particle to or after pronouns and first and second person singular or plural nouns.
The has form specifically forms a combination only with nouns or pronouns of the third person singular. As with all verbs in this case, to the studied-s is added to the verb. But the ending -ve is missing. This is another exceptional rule of the English language, which is strictly observed, and it must be remembered.
Verb usage examples:
I have a big white dog. - I have (I own) a large white dog.
You have three green frogs. - You (you) have (you (you) own (-eat)) three green frogs.
We have a beautiful colorful parrot. - We have (we have) a beautiful colorful parrot.
They have a goldfish at home. - They have (they have) a goldfish at home.
She has a lizard at the photo. - She has (she has) a lizard in the photo.
He has two butterflies on the hand. - He has (he has) two butterflies on his hand.
Lusy has a nice brown kitten in the box. - Lucy has a cute brown kitten in a box.
What is this - have got?
The difference between the verbs have got or have is almost imperceptible. Both of these verbs can be translated into Russian as "own", "possess" or "have". These two forms differ only in that the verb with got is often used in colloquial speech. That is why this form has been included in the school curriculum of many English textbooks. That is, the training is focused specifically on the spoken type of English.
Usage examples:
I have a brother. - I have got a brother. - I have a brother.
You have a sister. - You have got a sister. - You (you) have a sister.
Wehave a black spider. - We have got a black spider. - We have a black spider.
They have a white rabbit. - They got a white rabbit. - They have a white rabbit.
She has five ducks. - She has five ducks. - She has five ducks.
He has a nice kitten. - He has a nice kitten. - He has a cute kitten.
By the way, have is one of the few verbs that has no difference between American and British English.
Exercise
Insert have or has instead of "…":
I … two questions for you and Mark. - I have two questions for you and Mark.
You … a blue letterbox, it's for letters. - You (you) have a blue mailbox, it is for letters.
We … beautiful postcards, it's white and yellow. - We have beautiful postcards, they are white and yellow.
They … many brushes. - They have a lot of brushes.
She … a big geography map on the wall. - She has a big geographical map on the wall;
He … a desk in his room. - He has a desk in his room.
Peter … six lamps in the house. - Peter has six lamps in the house.
Kate … a brown teddy bear, it's nice. - Katya has a Teddy bear, he's cute.
Hint:
- has is used only with nouns or pronouns of the third person singular (in these examples, these are subject exercises in sentences), that is, she, he and their proper names;
- accordingly with this, have would be appropriate to insert intosentences with the first or second person of the subject, singular or plural, with which it is used.
Past tenses
Many people don't know the difference between have, has or had. However, it is not that difficult. The last form is the simple past tense of the verb.
I had - means "I had (owned or possessed)".
Usage examples:
I had breakfast early. - I had breakfast early.
She had copy-books under the desk. - She had (she had) notebooks under her desk.
We had a picture in the wall. - We had a painting on the wall.
Exercise
Try inserting the verbs have, has or had instead of ellipsis in sentences:
Nick … a cock and a hen. - Nick has a rooster and a chicken.
Kate … five chickens in the garden. - Katya has five chickens in her garden.
You … geese in the village house. - You had geese in the country house.
We … pets. They are dogs. - We have pets. These are dogs.
She … a water-color in the bag. - She had watercolors in her bag.
Hint:
- here you can feel the difference by reading the translation of the sentences;
- if the sentences were in the text, it is easier to understand the meaning by reading the entire text, that is, by context;
By the way, if there was no translation, two variants of the verb could be inserted as a subject in sentences with a third person singular: had or has:
She has a water-color in the bag. - She has watercolors in her bag.
or
She had a water-color in the bag. - She had watercolors in her bag.
As you can see, the difference between have, has or had is palpable.
The difference between have been or was
These forms are similar in the formation of tenses, but they are different verbs. Have been is a derivative of the verb to have - to have. And was - the second form of the verb to be - to be in the singular.
The use of the verb forms have been or was indicates the present completed tense in the first version and the simple past in the second.
Examples of have been in Present Perfect Tense:
I have been to Spain last week. - I was (a) in Spain last week (meaning I was in Spain last week and now I'm still there).
She has been to Moscow yesterday. - She was in Moscow yesterday (meaning she was in Moscow yesterday and now she is there too).
My mother has been to England last year. - My mom was in England last year (and now she is there too).
This is an expression of actions that have taken place up to the present moment or already completed or stopped by this moment, as well as states or actions that began in the past and continue at the moment of speech.
Examples with was in the past simple (Past Simple), with no signs of duration or state:
I was here some times. - I have been here several times (that is, I am not here now).
I was at the office last week. - I was at the office last week (but I'm not at the office now).
She was ona farm for helping. - She was at the farm for help (but she is not at the farm now).
They were at school. - We were at school (and now we're not there).
We were in the library many times. - We have been to the library many times (but at this moment we are not in the library).
The last two examples are the plural form of the verb to be - was.
