Ulyanov Ilya Nikolaevich - the great Russian statesman in the field of education of the 19th century.
He made a significant contribution to the development of public education in the country, initiated a number of important initiatives in the field of education. Thanks to him, innovative forms of education were introduced in educational institutions, and teachers themselves began to take qualification courses. Professional teachers began to educate the people.
Childhood of Ilya Ulyanov
July 14, 1831, Ilya Ulyanov was born in the family of a runaway peasant from the Nizhny Novgorod province, who settled in Astrakhan.
His father, Nikolai Vasilyevich, a peasant of the landowner Brekhov of the Nizhny Novgorod province, having not received his freedom, fled in 1791 to the Astrakhan province. In 1797, he received his freedom on the terms of compulsory residence in the region. From that time on, Nikolai Vasilyevich began to master tailoring, joining the tailor shop.
Ilya's mother, Anna Alekseevna Smirnova, was 19 years younger than her husbandyears.
Ilya lost his father at the age of five. The whole burden of worries fell on the elder brother of Ilya Vasily, who remained the only breadwinner in the family.
And yet, the absence of a father did not become a disaster for the boy, since Vasily completely replaced his parent. From an early age, Ilya Ulyanov showed himself to be a capable student. Having made an exception, he was admitted to the Astrakhan Men's Gymnasium, from which he graduated in 1850, becoming the first gymnasium student in the history of the school to receive a silver medal.
Student years
Ilya Ulyanov, whose biography began with difficult events and facts (absence of a father-breadwinner, a large family), still did not leave his desire for knowledge.
In 1850 he entered the Kazan University at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. The young man was very lucky: the educational institution was headed by the outstanding scientist N. I. Lobachevsky, who was distinguished by progressive views on pedagogy, science and society. Thanks to him, the views of the young Ilya Nikolayevich were formed.
As a student, the young man studied at the meteorological and astronomical observatory. This contributed to the fact that Ulyanov I. N. receives a Ph. D.
He graduated from the university in 1854.
Beginning of pedagogical activity
In the middle of 1855, the young scientist was appointed teacher of mathematics and physics at the Penza Nobility Institute.
Here Ulyanovcontinues meteorological observations by order of his teacher N. I. Lobachevsky.
In fact, Penza for Ulyanov I. N. became the beginning of his independent activity in pedagogy, science, and society. Here Ulyanov Ilya proved himself to be a highly qualified teacher and educator. He owns a number of initiatives in the field of education.
At the same time, the job gave him managerial skills, which were developed in subsequent years.
In Penza, Ulyanov I. N. meets Maria Alexandrovna Blank, who becomes his wife, who subsequently gave him six children.
In 1863 they moved to Nizhny Novgorod, where the head of the family received the position of senior teacher of mathematics and physics in the men's gymnasium. At the same time, he conducts teaching and educational work in other educational institutions. At the same time, he shows a creative approach to the educational process. Gradually, he formed his own pedagogical system and views on education.
Ulyanov's activities in the field of public education
In 1869, Ilya Ulyanov was appointed by the Ministry of Public Education as an inspector of public schools in the Simbirsk province, and 5 years later - director of public schools. The latest appointment has expanded the possibilities of an innovative educator.
Director Ulyanov first of all personally got acquainted with the state of the schools. It was deplorable: out of 421 schools, only 89 worked, and more than a third of the teachers were not professionals, they were replaced by parish priests. The zemstvo authorities demonstratively remained inactive.
Energetic and selfless I. N. Ulyanov was able to win over the progressive circles of the province. Soon the Simbirsk province became one of the best in the field of public education.
Achievements of I. N. Ulyanov in the field of public education
Ilya Ulyanov, whose achievements in the field of public education inspire deep respect for him among all progressive people of the past and present, has done a gigantic job to improve the education system in Russia.
Under his leadership, in 1872, the Poretsk Teachers' Seminary was opened, which trained a whole galaxy of Ulyanovsk teachers. Professional teachers came to schools.
In the Middle Volga region, for the first time, a whole network of schools for Mordovian, Chuvash and Tatar children was created. At the same time, the training was conducted in their native language.
The number of educational institutions has increased in the province. Only the number of Chuvash schools was brought up to thirty-eight. More than two hundred new buildings for educational institutions have appeared.
Archives confirm that Ilya Nikolaevich donated personal funds to new schools, the publication of textbooks.
Interesting facts
Ilya Nikolaevich could well have had the surname Ulyanin, since documents from the State Archive of the Astrakhan Region indicate that his father's surname was originally just that. This fact is also confirmed by the State Archives of the Gorky Region, where documents about Ulyanov's grandfather, Nikita Grigoryevich Ulyanin, were found.
But how did the surname Ulyanov appear?As it turned out, at the whim of officials.
As you know, Nikolai Vasilievich, Ilya's father, lived with his family in Astrakhan in his own house. In 1823, for non-payment of taxes and other duties, he was included in the Bulletin of the Astrakhan Philistines, but already under the name Ulyanov. Since that time, he has always been referred to as Ulyanov.
In closing
On January 24, 1886, Ulyanov Ilya Nikolaevich died suddenly, whose biography is filled with noble deeds in the name of public education. His memory is immortalized by a bust in Ulyanovsk.
Years will pass, but the contribution of the great educator of the 19th century I. Ulyanov will remain an enduring value for Russia.
