Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan and the largest city in Transcaucasia. It is located on the Absheron Peninsula, on the shores of the Caspian Sea. Modern Baku is an important industrial, educational and cultural center of the country.
The look of the city
The central part of Baku is located in the form of an amphitheater, which descends in ledges to the Baku Bay. In the center, as well as along the most important highways of the city, the buildings are dense, and on the outskirts - quite free. The new buildings of the modern capital of Azerbaijan rise on the hills and stretch along the Baku Gulf. The layout of the metropolis is rectangular and only in its old part the streets are winding and narrow.
Climate of the capital
The climate of Baku is moderate, with fairly hot summers and mild winters. Autumn here is much warmer than spring. The average temperature in January is +3 °C, in July - +26 °C.
Historical past
Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, is a very ancient city located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. The first mentions of it are found in Arabic, Persian, Byzantine and European sources. Its history is connected primarily with oil production. LotFor centuries, camel caravans loaded with “black gold” went from Baku to various directions. For all the time of its existence, this richest city has been a tasty morsel for many peoples. This region managed to be in the possession of Persia and Russia.
The capital of "black gold"
The unique capital of Baku is the largest center for the extraction of gas and oil. The region has developed machine-building, petrochemical and metal-working industries. Oil production is carried out mainly in the suburbs of the capital. The enterprises of mechanical engineering, building materials and railway transport are also concentrated here. The development of the petrochemical industry has led to serious environmental problems. In 2007, this metropolis became the most polluted city in the world.
Cultural Life
Baku is the capital with cultural and scientific heritage. It was in this city in the East that the first library was opened, the first opera was staged and the first theater was founded. Today, there are more than 20 higher educational institutions in the capital. Not only the local population, but foreign students are now studying in the universities of Baku. The most popular university in the metropolis and the country as a whole is considered to be Baku State University. No less popular are the Azerbaijan Medical University, the State Oil Academy, the Technical University and others.
Population
Baku is a multinational capital. Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Ukrainians, Russians, Lezgins, Kurds and other peoples live here. After Russia annexed Baku, it becamecosmopolitan city. Until 1949, the Azerbaijanis did not make up the majority, but after the emergence of several ethnic conflicts, the Russian and Armenian population suddenly left the country.
The city of Baku is a pearl on the shores of the gentle Caspian Sea. There are many beautiful cities in the Caucasus, but the main city of Azerbaijan has a special and unique beauty. Now, if you are asked: “Baku is the capital of which country?” - you will definitely be able to answer.
