What is technical information, and how does innovation relate to it? This question should be answered on the basis of the knowledge of scientific progress. Technology is the body of knowledge devoted to creating tools, processing actions, and extracting materials. The term is quite broad, and everyone can understand its meaning in their own way. People use technology to perform various tasks in our daily lives. You can describe the processes taking place in this segment, products as a result of activities created to simplify our daily lives. People use technology and information related to it to empower us, making people the most important part of any production system.
Technology as the basis for information transfer
Technology is also the application of science used to solve problems. But it is very important to know that the field and science are different topics thatwork hand in hand to solve specific tasks or problems:
- We apply technology to almost everything we do in our daily lives.
- We use it at work.
- We use them for communications, transportation, training, manufacturing, data provisioning, business scaling and more.
This is human knowledge, which includes tools, materials, systems and technical means of information processing. Applying innovation usually results in products. If it is used correctly, it benefits people, if it is used for malicious reasons, then it is harmful.
Many companies use technology to communicate information to stay competitive. They create new products and services using the latest developments and use them to deliver these products and services to their customers within budget. Mobile phones are a good example. Mobile empires use high-tech media to create new smartphones and other electronic devices to stay competitive. This competitive advantage is achieved through the use of advanced technologies, where information about knowledge and innovations plays a special role.
Technology for promoting information through networks of market demand
Technology is dynamic; it keeps getting better because our needs and requirements keep changing. Humanity has moved from the industrial age (industrial revolution) to the information age. ATindustrial age companies with large amounts of capital were able to use costly technological tools to gain a competitive advantage. Small enterprises have less potential because they cannot afford costly innovations in manufacturing or processing. However, the development of this market segment has created a new economic environment that depends on information, and this is what is called the "information age". The data age provides a different work environment and it has helped small businesses to take a position in highly competitive markets.
People use processes to accomplish different tasks, so they come in different forms. Listed below are some of the different types of technology that humanity uses on a daily basis:
- Communication. It is a system that uses technical means to transfer information or data from one place to another or from one person to another. Communication is a daily necessity for everyone; it is used to convey ideas, share information, and express emotions. People use communication equivalents such as phones, computers, e-mail, fax, or messaging tools to stay in touch with friends and family. Businesses use information technology to facilitate the flow of data in the workplace, to aid decision making, to serve customer needs and requests, to promote new products, orservices for target consumers and more.
- Auxiliary. They have become more popular in recent years. People with disabilities use information technologies and assistive innovations to perform specific tasks that are difficult or impossible to accomplish without their involvement. The term "auxiliary" means helping or providing an extra hand. The auxiliary version of "new opportunities" is used in many ways: in schools it is used to help children with autism learn better; in other cases, to help people with disabilities move. In addition, with the use of speech recognition applications, those who are unable to type are able to use a computer and more. Through cultivation, we have many assistive technologies. They help many people complete tasks after receiving technical information that might otherwise be considered impossible.
- Medical. It is a type of innovation that is used to expand and improve people's lives. The Medical Technical Information Center helps provide patient data and insights, skills, and capabilities to deliver innovative treatments. Developed countries have taken advantage of the application of medical knowledge in their he alth care systems. Medical equipment is used to diagnose infections, treat and investigate diseases, etc.
Information technology is a set of hardware and software used to store, transmit andinformation processing. Without them it is already impossible to manage in our standard of living. Database tools, technologies and information systems help to provide the right people with the right and reliable data at the right time. This is an opportunity to be ahead of time thanks to new generation devices. Employees in an organization use information technology to perform various tasks.
Transfer information as positive, negative and zero results
When you learn one skill, does that ability help or hurt her to learn other skills? For example, learning to play the guitar may help you learn to play the violin, but it probably won't affect your ability to learn geography. This lesson focuses on the transmission of information, including positive, negative, and zero carry, and the difference between transmitting data at different frequencies.
Have you ever learned to play a musical instrument? Imagine that you took guitar lessons when you were a child. If you have learned to play it, and now you want to learn and master another musical instrument, do you think that your abilities can make you uncomfortable or, conversely, help? When previous knowledge helps or hinders your ability to learn something new, it's called knowledge transfer.
The technical information system is about how the skills or knowledge that people have learned about one topic affects their study of disciplines in another area. Sometimes data sharing can help people navigate new areas faster,for example, such as mathematics, when the discipline in high school is understandable, subject to studying the lessons in the elementary grades. Nothing is built just like that, more precisely, if you know the basics, you can build the entire system of knowledge. The same thing happens with the movement of information and its data or products through systems and communication channels. However, in other cases, the technical processing of information can harm awareness.
The information transfer system has been divided into three main types, which include positive, negative and zero transmission:
- Positive transfer is when knowledge or skills help to master a new vision of the situation. Here it is worth turning to history and recalling letter data transmission systems.
- The collection of technical information already in the second half of the last twentieth century was developed so much that to this day nothing new is practically being created. This is noted as a negative effect where nothing has happened based on the latest data. Something is being transformed but not created like radio or satellite communications.
- In the 19th century, new data transmission systems were created every 5-40 years - from written to satellite. This is a zero effect when, in a short time, on the basis of insignificant information, they created something more convenient and modern.
But government technical information has become more secure thanks to the latest technologies mentioned above. They are introduced at the regional level. It should be noted that the media (as a way of communicationpeople on the planet), technical links and information help countries to exchange scientific data and discoveries among themselves. At the highest level, some information becomes secret, which is marked with a "top secret" icon. But in order to understand the requirements for the technical protection of information, you first need to understand what this secret "field of science" is in terms of innovative purpose.
What is technical documentation, and to whom is it declassified?
Information products that, in the opinion of the compiler, are useful outside their places of origin (intended for publication or dissemination), in any format or medium, contain the results and technological innovations obtained after research and development (R&D) and scientific - the technical work of scientists, researchers, and engineers, whether a federal employee, contractor, or financial aid recipient. Subject to these nuances, we can talk about the phased introduction of data into different segments of the population. This is the technical documentation. It transmits the results of demo and commercial applications, as well as experiments, observations, simulations, research and analysis.
Scientific results, like technical information, are communicated through various media such as text, multimedia, audiovisual and digital, and are released in a range of products such as:
- technical reports, conferences and presentations;
- abstracts and dissertations;
- scientific and technical computer software;
- magazine articles;
- workshop reports;
- patents;
- public research kits or others.
The Center for Information Analysis in the field of cybersecurity is tasked with actively collecting data related to ensuring the security and protection of information. This is necessary for the exchange of data with the Department of Defense and other federal agencies, their contractors, and the scientific community. The storage and processing program controls the technical channels of information leakage, which sometimes fail. Although attacks on computer data have been on the rise in recent years, it is not certain that sensitive information will be completely protected.
All submitted documents are placed in a permanent and secure repository. The library facilitates the exchange of knowledge between different groups and organizations. There is separate access for scientists within the guidelines for classification and redistribution. The Technical Information Center always checks the consistency of information in new and old editions, which, as mentioned above, became the basis for the development of information and the creation of something new for mankind.
Using technical documentation for classified work
Software development white paper is a generic term that covers all written documents and materials relating to the development and use of a software product. All development productssoftware created by a small group or a large corporation require appropriate documentation. And various types of technical means of obtaining information or documents are created throughout the life cycle of software development. There is documentation to:
- explain product functionality;
- unify information related to projects;
- give an opportunity to discuss all important issues between stakeholders and developers.
Furthermore, errors in the documentation can lead to a gap between the visions of the stakeholders and the engineers, resulting in the proposed solution not meeting the expectations of the stakeholders. Therefore, managers must pay great attention to the quality of documentation, and authorized persons - secrecy and integrity, since the same technical channels of information leakage can become very negative in the form of undesirable consequences.
The types of documentation a team produces and how much documentation they produce depends on the software development approach chosen. Particular attention should be paid to this, since only with the help of technology it is possible to save data stored in the 21st century on an electronic (letter) medium. There are two main ways: "flexible" and "waterfall". Each one is unique in terms of accompanying documentation.
Waterfall technique for data safety
"Waterfall" is a linearmethod with clear goals at each stage of development. Teams that use it spend minimal time planning a product in the early stages of a project. They create an extensive overview of the main goals and objectives and plan what the workflow will look like. Developers strive to create detailed documentation prior to any design stage. Careful planning works well for projects with minor changes in the process, as it allows you to accurately determine budgets and time estimates. However, planning for such a system has proved ineffective for long-term development, as it does not take into account possible changes and unforeseen circumstances on the go.
Flexible approach based on:
- working together;
- close cooperation with customers and stakeholders;
- flexibility and ability to quickly respond to change.
The basic building blocks of agile development are iteration; each includes planning, analysis, design, development, and testing. The nimble method does not require full documentation in the beginning. Managers do not need to plan ahead for the use of technical types of information because things can change as the project evolves. Today, flexibility is the most common practice in software development, so let's focus on the knowledge associated with this method.
Protective systems against data leakage
Protection of information resources (data) of the company from leaks is the most important problem of informationsecurity. In any type of activity, each firm has a certain set of data that are the basis of the firm for existence. This data and the flow of documents are company trade secrets and, of course, require protection from leaks and disclosure of information. Data loss threats fall into two categories:
- external (malware, hacker attacks, etc.);
- internal threats (insiders).
Effective information protection requires an integrated approach. The successful establishment of a security system requires an analysis and audit of the company's security.
Software and hardware systems designed to deal with data leakage have received the general name of "DLP-systems" (Data Leakage Prevention). Such means of protecting information through technical channels from leakage are usually the most complex systems that control and monitor changes to documents and the movement of classified information. Unfortunately, the systems cannot give guarantees, and their installation and implementation are associated with huge costs for the client company. The value of information and the real risks of losing it are not always such a serious financial expense.
Ways to protect data from any leakage
Any business running multiple cloud applications is at high risk of exposure through a data breach. Here are five ways to keep your data safe and secure this year:
- Identification of critical data. First, businesses need to understand howidentify your critical data. This means being able to classify which data needs the most protection and how to use Data Loss Prevention (DLP) software to protect any sensitive information. Depending on the industry, these could be financial reports, plans, or strategy reviews. Since the field relies heavily on the proper classification of information, organizations should update their data protection strategy, primarily focused on sensitive documents and their processing.
- Monitoring access and activity. The next step in preventing data leakage is to closely monitor traffic across all networks. The ability to automatically discover, map, and track what is deployed across your entire business infrastructure provides a real-time view of your network. Because the average hacker conducts reconnaissance on the network for six months prior to the actual system breach, businesses need to identify anomalous behavior before a breach occurs. Monitoring tools control access and activity by notifying administrators when an employee downloads, copies or deletes information.
- Use encryption. Although encryption is not impenetrable, it remains one of the best ways to secure data. Carefully implemented encryption and key management render stolen data unreadable and useless. Enterprises should incorporate a layered security system through proactively controlled andmanaged encrypted networks.
- Network blocking. The ability to block your network should be the main focus of prevention efforts. With the growth of mobile technology, data leakage also needs a technical information protection system. While many employees are aware of the steps to take to protect sensitive data, some simply do not recognize their practices as unsafe.
- Endpoint protection. Since data is also stolen through the IT infrastructure exit points, enterprises can better manage the risk of data loss by choosing solutions that monitor and operate at these exit points. This allows the IT professional to identify technical information leaks, what sensitive information is leaking and when, or through which particular channel or device.
In addition to fundamental data protection steps such as network firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, secure web gateways, and endpoint protection tools, a better threat response starts with advanced security monitoring, as mentioned earlier. Using the effective security technologies offered by the Science and Technology Information Center and implementing best practices can go a long way in preventing data breaches.
Information theft
Not only media can steal information or valuable documents. The human voice (speech apparatus) can also be the cause of data loss. Technical information leaks in this case are microphones and variousrecording devices that recognize voice wave frequencies. They can also be used as sound recorders that simply recognize the voice. However, while engineering information can be stolen as digital data, voice secrets, especially those used to enter passwords, cannot always be recorded.
Because a person's voice never sends the same waveform twice, even if the same word or phrase is repeated, the voice recording will not be converted to the same password. Instead, the new system uses various mathematical functions to generate hundreds of alphanumeric strings:
- For user authentication, the system compares all strings with those it has in the file from initial registration; if enough of them match, the user is recognized.
- The system also adds randomness of generation - this is what is called a random emission of computer decisions, unique for each smartphone or other device. This is for alphanumeric strings to provide an extra layer of security.
The privacy method is efficient in terms of processing power, so it can be used with most smartphones. Also, technical means of secretly obtaining information began to be used, which are able to recognize the voice and speech of someone who records videos on the Internet, speaks on the phone, etc.
Modern means of protection
Firstly, it is worth understanding that data leakage occurs in 80% of cases through the fault of the staff. This includes not only errors due to ignorance, but also technical aspects. For example:
- The employee did not restrict access to information of a separate group of employees, and they received secret information.
- No NDA. In other words, if a drug for cancer has been created, and its formula is known, it is urgent to create a patent for your invention or development by publishing an announcement. Otherwise, the theft of valuable data will not be an oversight or an accident.
- Prohibition of access to computers that contain confidential information.
- Accidentally infecting the system with viruses - this can be done on purpose or by accident. Of course, there are no guarantees in unintentional, but it is still better to protect you and install antivirus programs.
If you know that the database contains information that is not subject to general distribution and is not open to public use, you should take care of security. It is also not recommended to set passwords that can be shared with employees. In extreme cases, access is granted by a unique code, which is issued personally to each subordinate. A leak can also occur through the fault of authorized access to third parties authorized to conduct data checks by organizations and investigating authorities. Of course, in any situation, you should constantly change the security data so that they do not become vulnerable. Then noinformation will not leak outside the walls of the company.
