Physics is one of the fundamental sciences that allows people to learn more about the fundamental laws of the planet Earth. Every day people do not notice how they use the benefits that have become possible thanks to the work of numerous scientists. If not for their selfless work, a person would not be able to fly in an airplane, cross the oceans on huge liners, and even just turn on an electric kettle. All these dedicated researchers have made the world look like it is seen by modern people.
Discoveries of Galileo
Physicist Galileo is one of the most famous. He is a physicist, astronomer, mathematician and mechanic. It was he who first invented the telescope. With the help of this apparatus, unprecedented for that time, it was possible to observe distant celestial bodies. Galileo Galilei is the founder of the experimental direction in physical science. The first discoveries that Galileo made with the telescope saw the light in his work The Starry Herald. This book was a truly sensational success. Since Galileo's ideas were in many respects contrary to the Bible, he was persecuted by the Inquisition for a long time.
Biography and discoveries of Newton
The great scientist whomade discoveries in many areas, is also Isaac Newton. The most famous of his discoveries is the law of universal gravitation. In addition, the physicist explained many natural phenomena on the basis of mechanics, and also described the features of the movement of the planets around the Sun, Moon and Earth. Newton was born on January 4, 1643 in the English town of Woolsthorpe.
After graduating from school, he went to college at the University of Cambridge. The physicists who taught at the college had a great influence on Newton. Inspired by the example of teachers, Newton made some of his first discoveries. They were mainly related to the field of mathematics. Next, Newton begins to conduct experiments on the decomposition of light. In 1668 he received a master's degree. In 1687, Newton's first serious scientific work, The Elements, was published. In 1705, the scientist was awarded the title of knight, and the English Queen Anne, who ruled at that time, personally thanked Newton for his research.
Female physicist: Marie Curie-Skłodowska
Physicists all over the world still use the achievements of Marie Curie-Sklodowska in their work. She is the only female physicist to have been nominated for the Nobel Prize twice. Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw. In childhood, a tragedy happened in the girl's family - her mother and one of her sisters died. While studying at school, Marie Curie was diligent and interested in science.
In 1890, Marie Curie moved to her older sister in Paris, where she entered the Sorbonne. Then sheShe also met her future husband, Pierre Curie. As a result of many years of scientific research, the couple discovered two new radioactive elements - radium and polonium. Shortly before the start of the war, a radium institute was opened in France, where Marie Curie served as director. In 1920, she published a book called "Radiology and War", which summarized her scientific experience.
Albert Einstein: one of the greatest minds on the planet
Physicists all over the planet know the name of Albert Einstein. His authorship belongs to the theory of relativity. Modern physics is largely based on the views of Einstein, despite the fact that not all modern scientists agree with his discoveries. Einstein was a Nobel Prize winner. During his life, he wrote about 300 scientific papers on physics, as well as 150 papers on the history and philosophy of science. Until the age of 12, Einstein was a very religious child, as he received his education in a Catholic school. After reading several scientific books, little Albert came to the conclusion that not all statements in the Bible can be true.
Many believe that Einstein was a genius from childhood. This is far from true. As a schoolboy, Einstein was considered a very weak student. Although even then he was interested in mathematics, physics, as well as the philosophical works of Kant. In 1896, Einstein entered the pedagogical faculty in Zurich, where he also met his future wife, Mileva Marich. In 1905, Einstein published some articles, which, however,some physicists have criticized. In 1933, Einstein moved permanently to the USA.
Other researchers
But there are other well-known names of physicists who have made no less significant discoveries in their field. These are V. K. Roentgen, and A. D. Sakharov, S. Hawking, N. Tesla, L. L. Landau, N. Bohr, M. Planck, E. Fermi, E. Rutherford, M. Faraday, A A. Becquerel and many others. Their contribution to physical science is no less important.
