Everyone knows what a garden is. The meaning of this word is not in doubt, however, what is its difference from the park, what are their types and when did they arise - not everyone will be able to answer these questions. Meanwhile, the tradition of organizing gardens was formed in ancient times.
Garden: the meaning of the word
As soon as humanity switched to a settled way of life and began to create the first semblance of dwellings, the idea arose to grow plants and fruit trees near them.
So the first gardens appeared. Gradually, gardening turned into a real art. From the Renaissance to the beginning of the 20th century. for we althy people, the garden began to play the role of a place for recreation and walks, and not a source of food. But for peasants, it has always been (and remains!) A place to grow fruits and nuts, and also helped to earn extra money.
Today, the word "garden" means a territory allotted by man, where perennial fruit trees, as well as bushes, sometimes plants and flowers, are planted according to a certain pattern. In rare cases, vegetable gardens are also called gardens. So, in English for words"garden" and "garden" use the same term - garden.
In the old days, an integral part of the garden was a pond, which was a source of water, and also performed a decorative function. Today, thanks to various watering and irrigation systems, the need for a pond as a source of moisture has disappeared.
Another traditional attribute of gardens is the apiary. Bees pollinate all the flowers in the garden, contributing to a good harvest, and also extract honey.
Views of gardens
First of all, gardens are divided into private and industrial.
A private garden is usually arranged according to the taste of its owner. While the industrial one is of considerable size and is located so that it is convenient to take care of the plants with the help of machines. In such places, specially selected trees and bushes grow, and caregivers do not allow different varieties to be mixed.
According to the type of plants, homogeneous and mixed gardens are distinguished.
There are also the following types:
- A botanical garden is an area where plants are grown for scientific purposes. They also play the role of a kind of "living" museum, where everyone can see various types of flora (including rare or recently bred plants) and even buy some of them.
- Fruit (fruit or fruit and berry) garden is a place where only fruit trees and bushes grow. This species is considered the most ancient.
- Decorative garden serves to satisfy the aesthetic needs of its owner. OtherIn other words, plants are grown here not for food, but more for beauty. There are three subspecies of ornamental gardens: Japanese, Chinese and winter. The latter partly resembles a greenhouse or greenhouse, but differs from it, since it is part of the house and is used to preserve non-frost-resistant plants.
What is the difference between a garden and a park?
Park and garden are two rather close concepts, because they are both the creation of human hands.
However, there is a significant difference. The plants planted in the park, and its design itself, serve to satisfy the aesthetic needs of a person: to relax or take a walk - but not to grow food. Sometimes fruit trees are planted in parks, but this is the exception rather than the rule.
The most famous gardens in history
The tradition of growing gardens is quite ancient, so history knows a lot of them, and one was even recognized as the second wonder of the world. We are talking about the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, built in Babylon by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II. More than a thousand years later, under Empress Catherine II, in the Russian Empire, by analogy with the Babylonian wonder of the world, the Hanging Garden of the Small Hermitage was created.
In ancient Rome, the founder of garden culture was the commander Lucius Lucullus. He created the legendary Gardens of Lucullus, restored over the centuries by the Medici family.
The garden culture of Rome, which became the progenitor of Europe, was based on the developments of Ancient Egypt. Despite the unfavorable climatic situation, the country of the pharaohs was famous for its gardens. In addition to the usual ones, they had palace, temple and even grave types.
It is impossible not to mention the gardens of Versailles, which stretched over more than 900 hectares. This complex, located near Paris, is a living illustration of what the human imagination can do with sufficient funding.
As for the UK, gardening is a national tradition here, so there are a lot of them there and some are over 300 years old.
Other meanings of "garden"
This name appears quite often in other meanings. So the garden is called one of the letters of the Arabic alphabet. Also, one of the most famous philosophers and perverts in history bore the name - Donatien Alphonse Francois de Sade.
In addition, one of the Polish villages and two Ukrainian villages is called the Garden.
Among other things, there are a lot of names and concepts, the abbreviations of which form the word "SAD": systolic blood pressure, road construction, consolidated aviation division, etc.
Gardens, like forests, are the lungs of the planet and therefore the more they appear, the better. I would like to hope that in the modern world, the horticultural culture will not disappear, but will only improve, and new and beautiful gardens will be planted on Earth every year.
