Stolnik - what is it? This word has several meanings. On the one hand, this is a person holding the relevant position, and on the other hand, the colloquial name of a banknote. About who it is and what it is - the stolnik will be described in the article.
What does the dictionary say?
It gives two options for the meaning of the word "steward".
- The first of them is marked "historical" and informs about the court rank that existed in the Russian state in the 13th - 17th centuries, which was lower than the boyar rank. And also about the person who had this position. Example: "The book "Last Novik", written by I. I. Lazhechnikov, says that the name "steward" comes from the sovereign's table.
- The second option is the colloquial designation of a banknote in denominations of one hundred rubles. Example: “I have money, here, the steward,” said the boy. After that, he took out a greasy banknote from his pocket.”
To better understand what the word "stolnik" means, one should refer to its origin and similar terms.
Etymology andsynonyms
Derived from the noun "table", derived from the Proto-Slavic stol. From this word, among other things, originate:
- Old Russian and Old Slavonic "stol" - table, seat, throne;
- Bulgarian "table" - meaning "chair", "armchair", "throne";
- Serbo-Croatian "stȏ", meaning "table", "chair", "armchair";
- Slovene stòl – same meaning as in Serbo-Croatian, also “roof rafters”;
- Czech stůl - table;
- Slovak stol - table;
- Polish stół – same meaning;
- Upper Luga and Lower Luga stoł – meaning “table”, “chair”, “throne”.
Linguists compare the noun "table" with:
- in Lithuanian stãlas - table, pastõlai - platform, ùžstalis, which means "place at the table";
- Old Prussian stalis - table, stallit - stand;
- Gothic stōls – chair;
- Old Norse borþstóll - table frame, stati, stojǫ - stand;
- ancient Indian sthálam - hill, elevation, mainland.
Among the synonyms for the word "steward" are such as:
- court;
- chin;
- official;
- position;
- weave;
- one hundred rubles;
- dapifer;
- steward;
- hundred-ruble note;
- sotyga;
- katerinka;
- katenka.
Continuing to study that this is a steward, let's consider the rank, which is indicated by this word.
Officer
Stolnik isa court rank that existed in many states during the Middle Ages. His duties included serving the sovereign's meal. In Ancient Russia, this is a courtier who served kings and princes at the table when solemn meals were held. He also accompanied these dignitaries on trips.
According to the list of officials of the 18th century, the stolniki were in fifth place, following the boyars, roundabouts, duma nobles and duma clerks. Behind them were the solicitors, and behind those - the nobles, tenants and boyar children. At feasts, the attendants accepted dishes with food from the attendants, since the latter were not allowed to enter the royal chambers. And also they stood at the tables. When foreign ambassadors were received, the stewards sat at the table and treated the guests.
Later, they began to appoint rynds from them, they were also coachmen at royal trips, and stood behind a carriage or wagon. Then they began to be nominated for other positions, for example, for voivodships, orders, ambassadors. When regular regiments appeared under Alexei Mikhailovich, stolniks were assigned to colonels.
The city governor nominated from among them could be called the governor. In his submission were boyar children. And also they were judges at the Moscow orders, took part in embassies, sometimes they were appointed ambassadors. The salary of the stewards was different - from 15 to 215 rubles. They were also en titled to 450 to 1,500 quarters of the land.
One hundred rubles
This is a traditional banknote in Russia, in the Russianempire and the Soviet Union. And also she was present in many states and entities in these territories. Occasionally it was a coin. The traditional color of the banknote is light beige. In the USSR, from 1934 to 1991, that is, 57 years, this banknote was the largest. In the days of Tsarist Russia, Empress Catherine II was depicted on it. Hence its popular names, such as katerinka and katenka. At present, few people know about the image of the Empress on the banknote and the unofficial name of the bill.
The appearance of hundred-ruble banknotes was associated with the beginning of the issuance of paper money in Russia. This large denomination is traditional for Russian money. As a rule, it was the largest until 1898, and then between 1934 and 1991. In 1898, a larger banknote of 500 rubles was introduced for the first time. It was relaunched in 1991 and is still in production.
