History

This Afghan woman was made famous by photographer Steve McCurry, who took a picture of her face when she was a little girl. It happened during the Soviet-Afghan war, when Gula ended up in a refugee camp on the border with Pakistan. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the Order of the Holy Great Martyr Catherine, the uniqueness of which lies in the fact that it is intended for awarding exclusively women. A brief overview of the history of its appearance and external characteristics is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What is the Order of Zhukov? To whom was this award given? For all these questions, you can find the answer in the article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Officer duels were one of the brightest symbols of the Russian XIX century. In Russia, their conduct was regulated by a special code, which included rules that were mandatory for any fights. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Natalia Nikolaevna Pushkina (Natalia Goncharova) is one of the few Russian women whose actions were discussed not only during her lifetime, but also centuries after her death. Her image was sung by the greatest of Russian poets, and at the same time, in the eyes of many, she was and remains the cause of the death of her brilliant husband. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Shah Abbas I went down in history as the greatest ruler of the Safavid dynasty. Under him, the lands of the state stretched from the Tigris River in the west to the city of Kandahar in the east. During his reign, he achieved the revival of the power of the Safavid state, which was facilitated by the competent foreign and domestic policy pursued under his leadership. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Young, but early. That's what they say about people like Tom Felton. It's no joke, at the age of 28 you already have a filmography of three dozen films, many of which were a great box office success. However, fame did not spoil the young man who, despite being born in London, calls himself a country boy and regrets that he did not have a childhood, although he managed to earn $ 3 million before coming of age. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In 1709, the general battle of the Northern War took place - the Battle of Poltava. Its outcome affected the outcome of the entire conflict. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Sumerian mythology was a complex set of myths, formed over several millennia. Its features can be traced in many other cult pantheons of antiquity. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the influential family of Irina and Felix Yusupov, as well as their daughter Irina Feliksovna Yusupova (sheremeteva). Very little information has been preserved about the life of Irina Feliksovna, but in order to understand what kind of person she was, it is important to learn about the life of her relatives. On the mother’s side, the emperor and empress from the Romanov family were relatives, and on the father’s side, the famous Yusupov princes. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about Feroze Gand, the husband of Indira Gandhi, the first and only woman to become Prime Minister of India. A brief overview of the history of his life and the main events associated with it is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

One of the two main currents of modern Islam is Shiism. Imam Hussein was one of those people with whom the birth of this religious trend is associated. His biography can be quite interesting both to a simple layman and to people who are associated with scientific activities. Let's find out what Hussein ibn Ali brought to our world. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In November 1989, the Supreme Council of Estonia declared the events of 1940 an act of military aggression and declared them illegal. In 1990, free elections were held in the country. Despite Russian attempts to prevent this, Estonia regained its independence in 1991. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the most interesting monument of old Moscow - the Lefortovo Palace, presented by Emperor Peter I to his favorite Franz Lefort. A brief overview of its creation and subsequent history is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Roman conquest of Britain is a long process during which the Romans conquered the island and the Celtic tribes that inhabited it. This process began in 43 AD. e. Roman emperor Claudius. We will talk about this, as well as the role of the Roman conquest in the history of Britain. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

As a rule, we read the myths of Ancient Greece only in childhood, and at such a tender age we are presented with a very softened version of divine "adventures", after which, as a rule, either wars begin or children appear, as a result in the footsteps of noble parents. So, let's dwell on a certain category of gods and heroes - these are the sons of Poseidon and their noble father at the head. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The war hammer is one of the most ancient types of edged weapons, which was used mainly for combat at close range. It was first made in the Neolithic era. The hammer is a dual-use weapon used in both blacksmithing and warfare. In the second case, he is capable of inflicting terrible deforming and breaking blows on the enemy. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The bow and arrows used by man as military and hunting weapons were invented so long ago that the history of their creation is shrouded in the darkness of bygone millennia. Such a device, capable of successfully hitting a target, was widely used by many ancient peoples on all inhabited continents of the Earth, with the possible exception of Australia. An improved version of such a weapon was a crossbow. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What is a car? The appearance of the very first car in Russia. Ancestors of automobiles with internal combustion engines. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

This representative of the Soviet nomenklatura tried to avoid publicity, because he was a modest and unpretentious person. However, his merits in leadership positions in the public administration system and achievements as a public figure were very great. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the centrist theory of the formation of the Old Russian state, which is one of the many hypotheses put forward by historians on this issue. A brief overview of its distinctive sides and features is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article is devoted to a review of the biography, creativity, political activities and views of the famous English thinker and parliamentarian Edmund Burke. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Agriculture in ancient Egypt was considered especially important for the development of the country. This was due to the level of technological progress and the peculiarities of natural conditions. Thus, farmers in ancient Egypt had a huge potential. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Khrushchev's period of rule in the Soviet Union was remembered not only by dull and similar houses, corn and thaw. It was during the time of Nikita Sergeevich that the space arms race between the two superpowers of that time began: the Soviet Union and the United States. The cosmonauts of the USSR are known in every corner of the civilized world. It was they who were the first in space, once inaccessible to people. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Without outside support, the countries affected by the war could not solve the problems that had arisen. The Marshall Plan, named after its initiator, U.S. Secretary of State and retired military man George Marshall, defined what that aid should be. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

A silver coin of 1924 with a denomination of 50 kopecks, or one fifty kopecks, would seem to be the most ordinary among collectors and is of no particular value. However, not all so simple. There are instances for which knowledgeable people are willing to pay a lot of money. So, one fifty dollars minted in 1924 was sold at auction for 50 thousand US dollars. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

The French Wars of Religion were intermittent from 1562 to 1589. The main parties to the conflict were Catholics and Huguenots (Protestants). The result of numerous wars was the change of the ruling dynasty, as well as the consolidation of the right to freedom of religion. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In July 1995, the Army of the Republika Srpska captured Srebrenica, where Bosnian refugees were hiding from the war. Massive ethnic cleansings were carried out in the city. The massacre was the largest massacre of civilians in Europe since World War II. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Do you know what a coachman is? This is an old word, the meaning of which and examples of its use in the literature are given in the article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Surely you have ever heard of a collection of Arabic tales called "A Thousand and One Nights". According to legend, they were composed by the beautiful wife of the Persian king Shahriyar, trying to avoid a painful death. What is this story and who is Scheherazade, the article will tell. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Some wars in the history of mankind are military confrontation between different civilizations. Talas battle, which took place in 751 AD. e., - one of such clashes. Although the scale of the battle was small and the number of soldiers on each side barely exceeded 30 thousand people, and there were no great achievements in the art of warfare, still this battle was included in the ten most important battles in the history of the world: as a result, the development of civilization changed its direction. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of the Russian state is very interesting events and facts, the formation of a single country, the contribution of the Ruriks, the rule of the Romanov dynasty. Studying history, reading novels written on the basis of historical events, a person learns, for example, about who Ivan the Fourth was, what he did for the country and why is he Terrible?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Ancient Egypt is one of the first world civilizations. Until now, much in the history of this country remains a mystery to scientists. The images of the rulers of Egypt are also mysterious. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The answer to the question of why Hitler exterminated the Jews is most logical to look for in the Fuhrer's biographical book. In it, the leader of the German people outlined his own political views in sufficient detail, and also assessed the role of different peoples in world historical processes. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

St. George's crosses of 4 degrees were established as the highest award, which was awarded to representatives of the lower ranks in the army of the Russian Empire. It was awarded only for personal courage shown on the battlefield. Despite the fact that this award is already more than two hundred years old, it did not immediately receive its current name - the St. George Cross. It appeared only in 1913 with the approval of the updated regulations on the Order of St. George. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

After the famous flight of the Olympic bear over the stadiums, many became interested in his future. First of all, everyone wanted to know where the Olympic Bear landed. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Industrialization is a period of social and economic transformation that transforms a human group from an agrarian to an industrial society, including extensive reorganization of the economy in order to increase production. The definition of the word "industrialization" is impossible without mentioning the large-scale economic growth this process leads to. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Second World War, however, like the First, led to many deaths. However, not only soldiers and officers died, but also innocent people who simply did not fit the Aryan type of appearance, for the purity of which the German dictator-tyrant Adolf Hitler fought so hard. Many people died in concentration camps at the hands of cruel executioners. One of the largest camps was called “Majdanek”, which will be discussed. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

As evidenced by ancient Russian chronicles, Svyatoslav is the only son born from the union of Grand Duke Igor with Princess Olga. He spent most of his short life in combat. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Maria Romanova is one of the daughters of Nicholas II. All the twists and turns of her fate were associated with belonging to a crowned family. She lived a short life, cut short on a summer night in 1918 due to the massacre of the Bolsheviks. The figure of Maria, her sisters, brother and parents have become symbols of the tragic history of Russia and the senseless cruelty of the Civil War. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01