What is education? The definition of this term is offered in different interpretations. It means a process that consists of education and training aimed at acquiring new knowledge, developing abilities, improving experience and skills.
Theoretical aspects
Modern education involves the transfer of cultural values to the younger generation. For this, the following educational institutions operate: preschool institutions, schools, colleges, universities, institutes.
Self-development is of particular importance. It is discussed in the Federal State Educational Standard of Education at all levels of education. The essence of self-education lies in the search, processing, analysis, assimilation of new information by the students themselves. The teacher in such situations plays the role of a mentor, and not a translator of knowledge, as is customary in the traditional education system.
Classification
Whatis modern education in the narrow sense? The term is considered as an interaction between a student and a teacher, in which the first one receives knowledge, and the second one transmits it. It is customary to divide modern education into levels:
- general (learning process in school and preschool);
- professional (circles, sections, lyceums, institutes, colleges)
The first option involves the study of biology, literature, native language, physics, chemistry. The assimilation of these subjects allows the child to develop his abilities, analyze intellectual capabilities, predict professional inclinations.
The second level is the ability of a person to acquire additional skills and abilities in a particular field in order to become a true professional in it.
How else can education be viewed? The definition considers the process as a product, the result of development and learning. A person who has mastered a certain amount of knowledge can independently draw up cause-and-effect relationships, fill in the gaps.
Main Functions
Improving education is the task that the Federal State Educational Standard sets for the teachers of the new generation. Among the main functions that modern education performs:
- educational, aimed at the formation of the individual's moral and moral qualities, the development of cultural and historical experience and norms of behavior;
- educational, involving the acquisition of new knowledge;
- socialization, allowing the student to comfortably enter the society, stay in it;
- training professionals capable of working for the good of the country
What is education from the state point of view? This term is defined on Wikipedia. It implies a purposeful process of training and education, acquiring skills, abilities, knowledge, experience, and other competencies. From the position of the state, education is divided into several elements:
- economic (specialists are needed to cover the costs of resources in various fields of activity);
- social (training people who are able to work in a team);
-
cultural (it is supposed to transfer the cultural and historical experience of ancestors to the younger generation)
Levels, steps, views
The education system has its own structure, which includes educational institutions (for example, school, kindergarten), social groups (student and teacher), the learning process (transfer of ZUN).
The following steps are distinguished:
- pre-school education, which includes nursery, kindergarten, additional education circles (development schools);
- general, which includes primary (grades 1-4), basic (grades 5-9), secondary (grades 9-11) education;
- professional, consisting of the following elements: primary vocational (lyceums, vocational schools), secondary (technical schools and colleges), higher (universities and institutes);
- post-graduate education (postgraduate and doctoral studies)
There are five options for getting an education in the Russian Federation:
1. Traditional (full-time) form.
2. Distance learning (independent study of the material, full-time passing tests and exams).
3. External study (self-study with intermediate certifications in educational institutions);
4. Distance form (learning via the Internet);
5. Individual plan (based on the mental and physical abilities of the child)
School education, which was defined earlier, is based on accessibility, humanism, science, it is accessible to every citizen of our country. At the senior stage of education, students receive a primary understanding of professions (career guidance).
