Modern Russian language is a storehouse of various rules and parts of speech. Of course, studying them is not a problem for local residents, but foreign citizens sometimes have to work hard to understand what this or that part of speech, this or that rule means. In most cases, a serious difficulty occurs just at the stage of learning the sacrament. Of course, not only foreign citizens do not understand what it is. Many Russian speakers quite often confuse the participle, for example, with adjectives.
So what is the sacrament? In the rules of the Russian language, participle is defined as a special form of a verb that has the features of both a verb and an adjective. Apparently, the difficulties that we talked about earlier come from here. So, what signs does the participle receive from the verb, and which from the adjective?
Let's start with the verb. First of all, teachers always say that the participle received temporary categories from the verb. According to the rules of the Russian language, the participle can be both present and past, but never future. Kindsparticiples were also obtained from the most powerful part of speech - the verb. Well, return.
Now let's turn to the adjective. Here everything is somewhat simpler than with the verb. The ability to change by gender, numbers was obtained precisely from this part of speech. In addition to these important properties, participles can also be inclined according to the principle of adjectives.
Types of participles are basically a simple topic, but it can also cause a lot of trouble, so let's talk a little about them. So, earlier we mentioned that participles are formed from a verb. In this regard, some features of the verb were transferred to the participle, in particular the aspect. If we turn to the rules associated with the verb, we will see that its types are divided into perfect and imperfect.
Types of participles can be determined by asking a question. If the participle is formed from a verb that answers the question “what to do?”, Then it should be attributed to the imperfect form. The perfect participle is formed from a verb that answers the question "what to do?". As you can see, there may not be any problems with determining the type of sacrament. But it should be remembered that, for example, from imperfective verbs it is possible to form only present and past participles. As for the perfect, then from it you will get only the past participle.
What else should Russian language learners know about? Of course, that participles can be passive and real. Here you have tosomewhat more difficult than with such a concept as types of participles.
A real participle is understood as a sign of an object that itself performed an action. If it is indicated that an action was performed on someone, then this is already a passive participle. Each of them has its own suffixes, by which it is possible to determine belonging.
So, the suffixes of the real participle include -usch, -yushch, -ashch, -yashch, as well as -vsh and -sh. Passive participles can be formed thanks to suffixes such as -em, -im, -nn-, -enn, -t.
