Education in elementary school is the foundation of the further educational process. If a child learns the simplest concepts, in the senior classes complex subjects are easily given to him. Each teacher is interested in the fact that students show good results in learning. Children 6-9 years old are not interested in studying dry theory. Therefore, many teachers use game technology in elementary school to make lessons vivid and memorable.
The purpose of play technology in elementary school
The traditional approach to teaching is focused on the average level of education. The problem is that the standard presentation of the subject in elementary school leads to the fact that children lose interest in learning. They continue to go to school because "it's necessary". At the same time, children try to earn good grades in order to get a new toy or elementary praise from their parents. Game technology in elementary school is aimed at warming up children's interest in basic subjects. These are mathematics, literature, writing, foreign and Russian languages.
Initial targetgame technology in elementary school - children's motivation for learning. In the process of recreational activities, the creative personality of the student is formed, he learns to systematize the acquired knowledge, use them in solving various problems in the future. Another goal of the game is to strengthen the physical and psychological he alth of students. Children learn to communicate in a team in an active form. Many games involve light physical activity. And the emotional lift that the kids get as a result helps to strengthen their own "I". It is the game that helps to cope with children's complexes. This is especially important for guys who are not confident in themselves.
Each game technology in primary school according to GEF should solve the following tasks:
- To develop the ability of children to think independently, to solve the simplest tasks without outside help.
- Achieve full assimilation of the material on the subject by each student in the school team.
- Preserve the physical and mental he alth of the children during the educational process.
Most educators believe that play technology in elementary school should become a priority in organizing the educational process for young children.
Types of gaming technologies
All games that can be used in the learning process are divided into groups: educational, developing, reproductive, diagnostic. Each type sets itself a specific task. During the learning game, the child learns information that he did not know before. Developing gaming educational technologies are aimed atrevealing new abilities in a child. In such lessons, the teacher teaches the children to reason logically. Reproductive games help to consolidate the learned material. In addition, in such classes, the teacher can find out where there are gaps, what material the children have not fully learned.
Regardless of the type, each game has a clear structure and should include: the roles that the players take on, game actions, plot. To improve the educational process in primary school, two main methods can be used: role-playing games in the lesson, as well as competitions. The latter option is more motivating children to learn. Every child strives to gain knowledge in order to become the best.
Game pedagogical technologies should be used without interruption from the main educational process. There must be a surprise effect. The best result can be achieved by the teacher if he combines traditional learning with gaming. Children should not go to class knowing that it will be held in a non-standard form.
Game technologies in Russian lessons
The subject "Russian" is one of the least favorite among children of primary school age. If you conduct a lesson in a playful way, the teacher will be able to get an excellent result. Exercise games help to quickly remember new rules. The teacher invites each student to make a crossword puzzle or a rebus concerning the main aspects of the Russian language studied earlier. Here you can use the competitive moment. The most interesting and complex puzzles are considered in the lessons, the author receives a positivea note in the diary. Such game technology can be used in the second or third grade, when the guys already have a certain amount of knowledge.
For first graders who are just starting the learning process, travel games are perfect. The teacher can think over the scenario of a non-standard lesson in advance, in which the children will go on a visit to the country of Linguine or the bright Alphabet Garden, where not ordinary fruits, but letters will grow on the trees. Such a trip can be spent in the open air, invite other teachers and parents of students. Travel games help to develop the imagination of the children, to consolidate the educational material. Toddlers will remember an item much faster if it is associated with positive emotions.
Competition games will also help to consolidate the learned material. The teacher divides the class into two teams. Next, the guys are invited to solve the tasks (correct errors in sentences, insert missing letter combinations, correct punctuation errors). For each correctly completed task, the team receives points. The one with the most points at the end of the game wins. As a prize, students may be exempt from doing homework.
Using gaming technologies in literature lessons
The love of reading is also not manifested by all the guys. Various types of play technologies in elementary school help generate interest in this subject. The most effective are considered to be various skits and performances dedicated to a certain literarywork. Role-playing games generally help to develop the creative abilities of children. Thanks to such non-standard lessons, many children decide to devote their future lives to the theater even in elementary school.
After studying a certain work, the teacher invites the children to put on their own performance. Roles should be given to absolutely all members of a particular team. A performance based on the work is staged for parents and the school administration. Students try to remember their words well in order to look beautiful on stage. The use of gaming technologies in this form allows children to develop memory, creativity. In addition, in this way, students are well versed in the material covered. The guys literally live the life of a particular literary character.
Game-improvisation also gives good results. At one of the lessons, the teacher invites the children to compose their own fairy tale. Each student takes turns writing a sentence. Each statement should be a continuation of the previous one. The story is recorded on a voice recorder. Then the guys listen to their work, analyze it. Often such impromptu stories are quite funny. The lesson in a playful way will arouse the interest of the children in the study of literature. In addition, improvisation contributes to the development of fantasy.
Game technologies in mathematics lessons
Mathematics is a subject, the purpose of which is to teach children not only counting, but also logical thinking. An interesting math lessoninclude the following games:
- "An extra item." On the magnetic board, the teacher displays a number of objects, one of which differs in shape, color or value. The guys must determine which item is superfluous and justify their point of view.
- "Jolly Tram". The teacher gives students cards with numbers from 1 to 10. Next, a tram number 10 is called. Passengers with numbers with a total of 10 must sit on it (for example, 3 and 7 or 2, 3 and 5, etc.). Thus, the teacher does the rest of the numbers. The game helps children in the first grade memorize the composition of numbers.
- "Name the next number." All the guys stand in a circle. In the center is a teacher who throws the ball to the selected student and calls a number from 1 to 9. The student must name the next number and return the ball to the teacher.
- "Name the figures." On a white canvas (it can be a magnetic board), a fairy-tale character is composed with the help of various geometric shapes. The guys should name what types of figures are used, count how many of them. In the future, from the resulting figures, everyone can make another image (a house, a dog, a flower, etc.)
- "Gate". The game is also aimed at studying the composition of numbers. Two guys are invited to the board, who use their hands to create a gate. They are given a certain number from 2 to 10. The rest of the students are also given cards with numbers. Everyone must find a mate to get through the gate. For example, to get through the number 8, you need to have cards 6 and 2.
There are other examples of play technology in elementary school that can be used in math classes. All of them are aimed at consolidating the material that children receive in traditional lessons.
Non-standard nature studies lessons
According to the Federal State Educational Standard, the lessons of natural history should begin for children already in the first grade. There is usually no problem with interest in the subject. Even in dry form, babies want to know why the earth is round and why birds sing. But the game technology in primary school according to the GEF aims not only to awaken interest in the subject. This was written above. It is also important to develop the imagination of the children, their physical data. Therefore, teachers often resort to conducting lessons in natural history in the fresh air. Here the guys actively spend time, get a charge of vivacity and at the same time study the local flora and fauna. It is most relevant to hold classes of this kind in September and May, when the weather conditions are conducive to learning.
Starting from the second half of the year in the first grade, when the guys already have a certain amount of knowledge, you can conduct lessons in the form of the following games:
- "The fourth extra". The lesson can be conducted using a projector or a magnetic board and pre-prepared materials. The children are offered four representatives of the flora or fauna. It is necessary to determine who is superfluous. For example, horse, cat, dog, cockroach. The latter belongs to the group of insects, so it is superfluous.
- "Web". The teacher asks a questionschoolboy. If the answer is correct, the student receives a ball of woolen threads. Then the child himself asks a question and passes the ball to the next one. At the end of the game, a web is obtained, which shows the close relationship between the individual components of nature.
Games at foreign language lessons
The lessons of English or any other foreign language are initially the most difficult for children in the first grade. Toddlers are accustomed to describing the subject in familiar words. The technique of gaming technologies in elementary school allows you to make the process of learning a foreign language vivid and memorable. A game called "Question" will quickly help you learn specific words. The teacher must think of a word related to the topic being studied. The children take turns asking questions to find out what the word is. In the first grade, the conversation can be conducted in Russian, in the future it is advisable to ask questions in a foreign language. The teacher can only answer yes or no. Practice shows that such a game helps to remember foreign words much better than the usual memorization.
As in the case of literature, staged plays give good results. The only difference is that all characters must speak a foreign language. Therefore, it is not advisable to invite parents and school administration to non-standard English lessons. You can act out a play or skit during a lesson without memorizing the text. All the students need to do is read the lines from the script presented.
Helps to trainwriting in a foreign language compiling puzzles and crossword puzzles, as is the case with the subject "Russian language". At the same time, kids should already have certain knowledge. Therefore, English lessons using this technology should be carried out starting from the second grade.
Mobile games at physical education lessons
Physical training plays an important role in the planning of the educational process. Not every child will want to perform high-quality exercises that will positively affect the state of he alth. As with other subjects, motivation is needed. The relevance of gaming technologies in elementary school also applies to physical training. Various relay races and other competitions encourage children to be physically active. It is advisable to conduct classes in the fresh air, not only in the warm season, but also in winter. Skiing and skating training must be included in the educational program.
Good results are given by team games that teach children to work together for the result. Students can play football, basketball, volleyball during physical training lessons.
Foreign experience
Play technology in elementary school has long been used abroad. In many European educational institutions, education begins at the age of 4. But these classes are not held in the same way as in domestic schools. Children perceive any information through the game. Not even regular classrooms. Lessons can take place on the floor in the game room. Children are surrounded by toys in the form of geometric shapes, letters and animals.
Primary education in any European country is public. To get into training, the baby does not need to be tested. All students are equal. A feature of many foreign schools is the small number of class groups. The children are divided into groups according to their abilities for 8-10 people. Thus, the teacher can give maximum attention to each child. Classes are held not only in the conditions of an educational institution, but also in the fresh air. The children, together with the teacher, visit factories, other schools, zoos. The atmosphere in the team is more like a family.
Game is the main activity of children in primary school in Switzerland, England, France and many other countries. Great attention at the first stages of training is paid to the physical development of children. Foreign kids may lag behind Russian peers in terms of academic development. At the same time, they practically do not get sick, few people have to deal with the problem of scoliosis.
Many public schools in Russia today are adopting foreign experience. Teachers go to practice abroad to share knowledge with colleagues from other countries, to take something new for themselves to introduce into the domestic educational process. After all, it cannot be said that the Russian technology of education is wrong. Domestic children, who spend most of their time solving boring problems, also remember the subject very well. But diluting standard lessons with games, like abroad, makes the learning process more vivid, interesting, motivatesfurther development.
Summarize
Experience shows that the introduction of gaming technology in the learning process in primary school gives positive results. Kids have an interest in studying even boring subjects, they strive to become better, to receive praise. In addition, the game allows you to reveal the personality of the child, remove the complexes that were laid down in the family. In the process of competitions and role-playing games, students show their abilities to classmates, thereby rising in their eyes.
Playing and learning are two different activities. There are qualitative differences between them. Features of gaming technologies in elementary school are in their close relationship with the process of studying the subject. The teacher must do everything to interest the children. In this case, the game will be part of the lesson. It is necessary to involve all children in such activities without exception. Then the teacher will be able to achieve good results.
It is necessary to think over the conduct of games at the stage of developing the curriculum at the beginning of the year. It should be role-playing games and various kinds of competitions. Such activities should take up at least 20% of the total study time. The result will be a solid assimilation of knowledge and the formation of motivation for further study at school.
