A school lesson is the main and most important form of training and educational process for mastering various kinds of knowledge for children. In modern publications on such subjects as didactics, teaching methods, pedagogical skills, a lesson is defined in terms of a time period with didactic purposes for transferring knowledge from teacher to student, as well as quality control of assimilation and preparation of students.
Signs of a lesson
Each teacher should understand that the conduct of a lesson at school provides for certain goals. Naturally, it is necessary to focus on the specifics of the discipline that is taught to schoolchildren. In elementary school, you need to focus on:
- educational, educational, developmental goals;
- full compliance of the presented material with the set goals;
- correctly selected forms of education;
- direct learning process, taking into account all the rules and regulations of the lessons.
The most important thing in the learning process is to define the goal. Clearly understanding what the end result should be in this hard work, all possible options for presenting information and the type of lesson are selected at the discretion of the teacher. Based on this principle of starting work with children, the lessons will always turn out to be interesting with easy-to-remember material.
Different forms of lessons
Lessons can be held in various forms, for example, it can be a conversation, an excursion. It is desirable to use innovative technologies during the lesson. This will allow you to present new material in an interesting and informative way. Quite often, children do the work themselves, which should be in the form of reinforcing the material.
Also, in elementary school, lessons are allocated according to the main stages of education:
- introductory lesson;
- primary submission of unfamiliar material;
- clear explanation of laws and subject matter;
- practical implementation of knowledge;
- repeat lesson.
The types of presentation of information are the same for all subjects, that is, the types of lessons in mathematics and the Russian language are the same. However, while teaching, the teacher can be creative in achieving the goals.
Types of GEF lessons
FSES are federal state educational standards. In other words, these are clearly defined requirements for the implementation of all levels of training. These standards provide a system of rules ranging from elementary school to higher education. Such lessons are the main fixed informative and educational program for the entire learning process in the Russian Federation. They must include:
- direct submission of unfamiliar material;
- reflective lessons;
- lessons with a general methodological direction;
- directly supervising lessons.
Types of GEF lessons in elementary school
The main goal of the lesson in elementary school is to provide comfortable conditions for the active learning of students. This goal is achieved by the following methods:
- The teacher should coordinate the lesson plan with the students for the interest of the students first of all. This is done for a clear understanding of the form of submission of the lesson and its type.
- The teacher draws up a lesson plan based on observation, comparison and evaluation.
- The teacher should give not only the main tasks proposed by the program plan, but also include his creativity when compiling tasks for students.
- Collective or team tasks always arouse the interest of elementary school students in non-standard thinking, creativity.
- Don't neglect the rule of initiative. It is necessary to give the student the opportunity to express his point of view on a particular issue.
Types of GEF lessons in elementary school are based on the age characteristics of students. In the first lesson, which forms skills and abilities, books are considered the main sources of knowledge. The better the textbook is selected, the brighter its colors, the better the studentelementary grades will learn the information. Different types of GEF lessons can be conducted by the leading specialists of the school.
At the second stage, when all the rules are clear and the information is learned, the student should be given simple tasks to test the quality of understanding and memorization of the material. If the child shows good results and clearly copes with the task, it is necessary to gradually increase the level of complexity of the tasks. If you focus on the types of lessons according to the Federal State Educational Standard, then you can significantly improve the knowledge of students.
Proper distribution of the load on the student
At the lesson of consolidation of knowledge, it is necessary to distribute the load on the student in such a way that the gradual fulfillment of the given tasks in the end result leads to a complete repetition of the knowledge gained in the first lesson. The teacher should show a high potential for teaching in order to achieve the desired result. The work of a teacher can be called specific. The duties of this profession include not only the transfer of knowledge and their control, but also assistance, cooperation, support for students.
How to design a lesson correctly?
Absolutely every new lesson should be interesting for the student. Everyone, without exception. This is the only way to achieve good performance from the student. Otherwise, the knowledge will not be assimilated, and the material will have to be told again.
Different types of lessons in the school are based on the professionalism of the teaching staff. Focusing on the main types of lessons, do not forget about the creative approach to the problematic issue.
Lesson developmentbegins with the organizational moment - the construction of a work plan. The most important thing is setting goals and objectives. These aspects need to be considered in advance. Then you should repeat what you learned in the previous lesson and control the homework of students. This will make it clear how well the material is learned. Then the students receive new knowledge in various forms, consolidate them and receive homework. Using various types of lessons, the teacher can interest young pupils, thereby giving them new knowledge.
The main thing for a primary school teacher is the correct presentation of information. Primary school children absorb much more information visually than they do by ear. Accordingly, all new material should be visual. Modern lesson development can include not only the teacher's notes, but also various presentations
The role of the teacher
All adults have long known that a child from the first minute after meeting a teacher begins to examine him from head to toe, evaluates, and for himself in his head makes a characteristic. If a teacher is a kind, sweet woman with a smile on her face with a good taste in style, the right tone and manner of communication, then she will immediately become a bright example for students. It is very important not only to please the guys, but also to become a mentor, to earn trust. If the teacher likes the children, then any type of lesson will be perceived positively by them.
If the teacher is a man, then he should be restrained and concise, but withthis same smile can be the main advantage. A man should not only be the person who teaches and sets the rules, but also become a second father.
Necessary factors
All household problems, problems, frustrations and worries are best left at home. Having crossed the threshold of the school, the teacher needs to think only about work and cooperation with schoolchildren. Immediate openness in communication and a good mood will certainly allow students to be placed, to establish trusting relationships. Modern elementary school students highly appreciate the harmless jokes of the teacher, who can set a note of humor in time to relieve tension both in himself and in children. Non-standard thinking in the teacher's behavior and breaking all stereotypes will help to go beyond the usual boring lesson.
What is the best way to conduct a lesson?
It is desirable to conduct the lesson in a calm atmosphere and balanced manner. Many teachers lay out new material, constantly standing at the blackboard or sitting. Younger students may simply stop responding to it. It is better to move to see if there is a reaction of the students, if they follow the behavior of the teacher. You don’t need a lot of gestures and emotionality, just small steps around the class are enough. Then the teacher will definitely always remain in the spotlight.
You always need to remember about examples when giving students new knowledge. If these examples are from life, then it will not be difficult for the teacher to give them, and the children will be sure that the facts given by the teacher are realistic.
Motivating students
It is very important to understand thatyounger schoolchildren are still small children who do not know many things in life and require explanations for the question being asked. They are why. The teacher should pay special attention to the answer to the question asked by the student. You should not ignore the student and leave his question unanswered, even if there is catastrophically little time for the main material in the lesson. Answering the question, the teacher forms ideas about certain things that the student will remember for a lifetime. That is why a clear, understandable and accessible answer is so important. In this question, you do not need to focus on the type of lesson. It is important to understand that students must absorb the knowledge that is given within the walls of the school.
A teacher should always approach each lesson individually and follow the interests of students. Usually, children immediately have favorite objects. The main thing is to notice and help the child develop. Do not forget about the competitiveness of students. To draw the attention of children to learning, you can build an unforgettable lesson in a playful manner. By dividing the children into two teams, they will begin to compete.
One of the main tasks for the normal development of a primary school student is to learn how to be a winner. The children who lose in this contest of minds will begin to reach out to the winners, thereby increasing their level of knowledge, it is only necessary to select team tasks taking into account the age characteristics of the children and conduct a high-quality lesson. However, this type of lesson should not be practiced often, as children can get frustrated by constantly failing. It is necessary to bring into the school lessondiversity, through which students will understand their role and place in the classroom.
The environment always affects performance. The teacher must keep order in the classroom and the relationship of children among themselves, maintain harmony. Little children should always be praised. Rewarding and approving a job well done in the classroom or at home is always the best motivator to get ahead in any endeavor. During the conduct of any type of lesson, the student must be interested. Only in this case, he will be drawn to knowledge.
Important to remember
These simple tips help educators remember each individual's individuality and deliver engaging, informative lessons. Teaching is life. A good teacher is always developing, and his lessons are the most interesting and informative. A teacher who loves children and the profession is a teacher not only of elementary grades, but of all life.
