In the biographies of famous musicians and artists, the school is often mentioned. Gnesins. Aram Khachaturian, Boris Tchaikovsky, Tikhon Khrennikov studied at the legendary musical educational institution. Modern stars also received their education here: Philip Kirkorov, Larisa Dolina, Diana Gurtskaya and others.
The history of the famous university begins at the end of the 19th century. In February 1895, a sign appeared in a house located on one of the central Moscow streets: "The Gnessin Musical College." Today, the educational institution is called differently - the Russian Academy of Music (RAM). In everyday speech, a simplified version is used - “Gnesinka”.
Sisters Gnessins
Who were the people after whom the famous school was named? How many were there? And what do they have to do with art?
There were three sisters: Evgenia, Elena, Maria. More precisely, in total, the manufacturer Gnesin had five daughters. But it was the three elders who became the founders of a private music school. It was a fairly enlightened family. Atfounders of the school The Gnesins also had two brothers: Mikhail and Grigory. The first was a singer and dramatic actor. The second is a translator, poet and bibliophile. Evgenia, Elena and Maria were pianists. It is worth saying that on the plate, which appeared on February 15, 1895 on the house located in Gagarinsky Lane, there were only two initials. The letter E meant two sisters at once: Elena and Evgenia.
The sisters have been involved in music from an early age. At the age of fourteen, Evgenia went to Moscow, where she entered the conservatory. Elena followed. After that, all the Gnesins sisters moved to Moscow. By the way, the elders studied on the same course with Rachmaninoff and Scriabin.
Foundation of the school. Gnesins
After graduating from the conservatory, the older sisters began to give concerts, accompanied famous singers. At some point, they came up with a bold idea for those times about creating an educational institution. The fact is that in those years it was possible to get a musical education only at the conservatory. But that didn't stop the sisters. Evgenia and Elena waited until Maria graduated from the conservatory and began to implement their plan. It is noteworthy that the first student at the school. Gnesins became the younger sister of the founders Olga. A little later, brother Mikhail supported the girls.
Gnessins taught solfeggio, taught violin and piano courses. The educational institution quickly gained popularity in Russia. The sisters had to invite teachers becausefrontier. Music education. school them. Gnesins by the end of the 19th century was a good preparation for entering foreign conservatories.
After 1917
Many educational institutions were closed after the revolution. But this fate did not overtake the music school. Gnesins. The fact is that the sisters have established relations with the People's Commissar of Education Lunacharsky. Thanks to this, their institution has successfully adapted to the new government.
The last of the Gnesins, Elena, died in 1967. She lived for 93 years. Like her sisters, she spent almost her entire life in a small apartment located in the school building. All Gnessins are buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Dog Playground
Gnesinka changed her address several times. In the first half of the 20th century, the educational institution wandered around the Moscow center. It was originally located in a wooden building in Gagarinsky Lane. When there were more students, we had to move to a larger room.
In the early thirties, hundreds of students were already studying at the Gnessin School, which meant that additional sites were required. The state has allocated new premises. Until 1962, there was a dog playground in Moscow. The history of Gnesinka is closely connected with the street, which has such a dissonant name. Why Doggy? In its place, once there were royal kennels.
The dog playground was destroyed during the construction of Kalinin Avenue. There used to be a wooden house with a small vestibule here, which belonged to the writer Khomyakov before the revolution. This building is Soviethanded over to the school. Today in Moscow there is neither that dilapidated house, nor the Dog Playground. In their place is Novy Arbat. At the end of the thirties, the construction of a new building began. But it was not completed. The war has begun.
Povarskaya Street
In the fifties, the construction of a building designed specifically for the Gnessin School was finally completed. It is located on Povarskaya Street.
This is a vivid example of Soviet classicism. In this house, apartments for the Gnessin sisters were originally provided. Today there is a memorial museum. Moreover, this is the only museum-apartment in Moscow, located in the building of an educational institution.
However, this building was not enough to accommodate all the students of the school. Gnesins. In the seventies, a new house was erected on the same Povarskaya street. The 13-story building was built on the site of a destroyed church, which, according to legend, Pushkin himself visited more than once. The main building of the school today is located at: st. Povarskaya, house 30/36.
