According to the omniscient Wikipedia, the Siberian Khanate is a feudal state that was located in Western Siberia. It was formed in the middle of the fourteenth century. The Turks were the indigenous people of the Khanate. It bordered on the land of Perm, the Nogai Horde and the Irtysh Teleuts. The northern borders of the Siberian Khanate reached the lower reaches of the Ob, while the eastern borders were adjacent to the Piebald Horde.
Is everything clear?
Strangely enough, there is practically no information about this state formation. All written sources that have survived to this day refer to the period when the Siberian Khanate was annexed. They are mainly the memoirs of the Cossacks, collected together by Archbishop Cyprian in 1622. The reliability of this information leaves much to be desired. All subsequent chronicles were compiled to please the Christian church and the ruling dynasty. Anydocuments that contradicted the official theory were simply destroyed. What is most interesting, not even a single coin of the Siberian Khanate has survived to this day (apparently, they were hastily collected and melted down, since they went against the generally accepted version). In fact, very cynical manipulations with the history of our state are not new, it happens all the time, and there is no need to look into its depths, it is enough to see how the events of the Second World War distort, and this despite the fact that many eyewitnesses of that period are still alive.
And the indigenous peoples of Siberia are against…
Historians, when compiling the chronology of the development of our state, rely solely on written documents. For comparison: when describing the ancient civilizations of the world, scientists often used oral traditions of peoples, their legends, fairy tales and others as sources, and only when it comes to Russia, they stand in a pose and demand irrefutable written documents, and all other artifacts: architecture, precious jewelry, weapons, not to mention the huge layer of oral information passed down from generation to generation - they refuse to accept. Why is that? The fact is that all these sources sharply contradict the officially recognized version of history. We will not even take Russian fairy tales, epics and legends as a basis. Let's turn to an independent source - the indigenous peoples of Siberia, the Far East and the Russian North. It turns out that they store in their legends information about who inhabited these territories in antiquity. Sowords of the keepers of ancient culture: Evenki, Chukchi, Yakuts, Khanty, Mansei and many others - bearded white people with eyes the color of the sky used to live here, they taught the ancestors of modern indigenous peoples to hunt, fish, breed deer and other tricks that allow them to survive in difficult natural conditions of the north. And there are a lot of similar stories, but scientists prefer not to notice them. As a result, a lot of questions arise, including who settled the so-called Turkic states? Is everything clear in this? After all, it is not without reason that there is not a single written source of that time.
Well, let's finish our lyrical digression and get acquainted with the official version of the history of that period and find out how the Siberian Khanate was annexed. Moreover, a literate person himself will catch inconsistencies and obvious falsifications in this theory.
Turks of Western Siberia: before the Mongol conquest
It is believed that these are the same Huns who originally lived in the region of China and subsequently migrated first to Siberia in the 90s BC, and then some of them in the 150s AD - further to west. This second wave in the fourth century terrified the whole of Europe. There is practically no information about what the Siberian Khanate was at the dawn of civilization (the time of its occurrence is unknown). However, the historian G. Fayzrakhmanov gives a list of the first rulers of this state (Ishim Khanate): Kyzyl-tin, Devlet-Yuvash, Ishim, Mamet, Kutash, Allagul, Kuzey,Ebardul, Bakhmur, Yakhshimet, Yurak, Munchak, Yuzak, Munchak and On-son. The scientist refers to a certain chronicle, which he was lucky to study, but there is no reliable data on this document anywhere. Assuming this list is real, it appears that the rulers held power from the late eleventh century until the 1230s. The last khan from the list submitted to Genghis Khan.
Western Siberia after the Tatar-Mongol conquest
Here again we are faced with limited information. Almost nothing is known about how the conquest of Western Siberia by the Mongols took place. It can be assumed that everything was done with small forces. Therefore, the campaign of a small detachment was simply not included in the official Mongolian chronicles. Although the name "Siberia" is mentioned in their documents, it means that Genghis Khan nevertheless conquered this state. Official annals (for example, Peter Godunov) say that after Genghis Khan conquered Bukhara, Taibuga begged him for a lot along the Tura, Irtysh and Ishim rivers. The descendants of this Taibuga continued to own these lands. According to the chronicle, Taibuga was the khan of a small nomadic detachment who joined the army of Genghis Khan.
New dynasty
So the old dynasty of the Ishim Khanate was interrupted and a new ruler appeared. At this time, a new capital of the Siberian Khanate arose - Tyumen, which can be interpreted as "tumen", that is, "ten thousand". Apparently, Taibuga undertook to exhibit withten thousandth army of his possessions. This is where the information about the khanate ends. True, the historian G. Fayzrakhmanov, again referring to an unknown chronicle, gives a new list of the rulers of this state: Taybuga, Khoja, Mar (or Umar), Ader (Obder) and Yabalak (Eblak), Muhammad, Angish (Agay), Kazy (Kasim), Yediger and Bek Bulat (brothers), Senbakta, Sauskan.
Tokhtamysh and the Khanate of Siberia
The Great Khan of the Golden Horde was a native of the Blue Horde, which was adjacent to the Tyumen yurt. After the defeat in the battle of Vorskla, he fled to Western Siberia. What he was doing here, there is no information, most likely, he headed the Siberian Khanate. What happened next, one can only guess, for two hundred years the rulers succeeded each other. More or less reliable information appears with the coming to power of Khan Kuchum in 1563.
Conquest of the Siberian Khanate
On May 30, 1574, the prototype of a modern geopolitical mission was born in the capital of the Russian state. Ivan IV issues a letter of commendation to the Stroganov clan (in this article we will not consider political reasons and behind-the-scenes games preceding these events) for the possession of lands that must first be conquered. And so begins the epic of Yermak Timofeevich, who led military campaigns in these lands. We will not describe this company, it is well described in the traditional version of the history of our country. Let's just say that officially the Siberian Khanate was conquered in 1583. However, Khan Kuchum goes underground and continues to wage a guerrilla war against the invaders, as a result of which Yermak dies after being ambushed by the Khan's troops in 1584. But this can no longer save the khanate. In 1586, a detachment of archers sent from the metropolis completes the work begun by Yermak.
Peoples of the Siberian Khanate
Summing up, one should once again ask about the peoples who inhabited this state. Was it a Turkic population? Maybe the official version hides the truth from us?..
