Ural is usually called a region of the Russian Federation, which conditionally divides the whole country into two parts: European and Asian.
Regions of the Urals
Geographically, this region is a region of the Ural mountains and foothills (Valikovskaya mountain system). The length of the ridge is almost 2 thousand km, the length is meridional. On the territory of the entire ridge, the relief of the mountains is very different, therefore, 5 separate regions of the Urals are distinguished. We are talking about regions such as:
- Subpolar.
- Polar.
- North.
- Medium.
- South Ural.
Polar Urals
The northernmost part of the mountain system is the Polar Urals. It has a length of 400 km. The borders run from the northern point of the Konstantinov stone to the southern border of the Khulga River. This is a fairly high part of the mountain system, the middle peaks have a height of 850 to 1,200 m. Mount Payer is considered to be the highest with a height of more than1500 m. The date of the rise of the hills is the era of the Hercynian folding. The relief of the Polar Urals is characterized by wide valleys and glacial structures. Some areas have small deposits of permafrost.
Practically all regions of the Urals have a bad climate. It is quite severe, sharply continental. Winters are snowy, frosty, air temperature can drop to -55°С.
Precipitation is unevenly distributed in the region. The western slopes receive more precipitation than the eastern ones. Due to constant rainfall and snowfall, the region is replete with lakes. They are mainly of karst origin and shallow depth.
The region's flora and fauna are scarce. Vegetation is represented by taiga forests, but only in the southern region. And the only representative of the fauna that is often found in this area is the reindeer.
There is no permanent population in the region. The nearest city is Vorkuta.
Subpolar Urals
The Subpolar Region is the next region you can see as you go down south. Its borders run from the Khulga River in the north to the southern border of the town of the Nest of the Winds. This area is known as a representative of the highest peaks of the mountain system. The highest point - Narodnaya - is located here. Its height is 1,895 m. In total, there are 6 peaks over 1,600 m high.
This territory, like other regions of the Urals, is very popular among climbers. Hundreds of travelers climb to the peaks every year.
North Urals
Northern Ural is the most difficultpatency. The southern borders of the region run along the foothills of two mountains: Kosvinsky and Konzhakovsky Kamen, and the northern borders go up to the Shchuger River. The width of the Ural Mountains in this region is 60 km, and the ridges run parallel to each other in several ridges. There are no settlements and people in the Northern region. At the foot of the mountains from the east and from the west are impenetrable forests and swamps. The highest point of the region is Telposiz (over 1,600 m.)
There are more than 200 lakes in the Northern Urals. However, almost all of them are small and there is no vegetation around. Sometimes they are covered with kurums (placers of stones). At an altitude of more than 1,000 m, there is the largest and deepest lake in the Northern Urals - Telpos. Its depth is 50 m, the water is very clean. There are no representatives of aquatic animals, in particular fish, here.
Little coal, bauxite, manganese, as well as ores: iron ore and other types are mined in this area.
Middle, or Central Urals
Middle Ural (another name Central) is the lowest part of the mountain system. The average heights are 550-800 m. The borders of the region run in the north from the town of Konzhakovsky Kamen to the northern borders of the Yurma and Oslyanka mountains. The peaks of the region are softly outlined; you will not find rocky mountains here. The highest point of the Middle Urals is Mt. Sredny Baseg (almost 1,000 m) - this is the only peak of such a height in this area.
The climate in the Middle Urals is formed by the winds that come here from the Atlantic Ocean. For this reason, the weather here is changeable, sharp temperature fluctuations can occur even induring the day. Average temperatures in January are -18-20°С, in July +18-19°С. Frosts can reach -50°С. Winter lasts for 5 months and is characterized by stable snow cover from November to April.
Some regions of the Urals (Northern included) are represented by taiga, closer to the south you can increasingly find steppe terrain. The fauna is poor. Climate features, hunting and poaching played a big role in this. For the last reason, you will no longer meet wild horses, bustards and saigas here.
South Region
The southernmost region of the mountains is the Southern Urals. It runs along the borders of the river of the same name and the Ufa reservoir. Length - 550 km. The relief here is represented by complex forms. The climate is continental with hot summers and cold winters. The snow cover is stable in winter, its height is 50-60 cm. There are many rivers in the region, they have access to the Caspian Sea basin. The largest rivers are Inzer, Ufa.
This geographical region has a very diverse vegetation, and it is completely different on the eastern slopes and western. The fauna is also represented by a large number of animals. It is worth noting that the southern region is the richest of all of the above.
