Human he alth is a very fragile component of life. Since ancient times, people have sought to improve their he alth and learn how to deal with various ailments that arose as a result of infections, viruses, or the banal old age of the body.
The history of medicine began simply and primitively: primitive healer's teachings were a mixture of witchcraft and magic with the wisdom of the people. All the achievements of the ancient healers were considered the grace of the almighty gods or attributed to the "superpowers" of the doctors themselves. However, the modern history of medicine has adopted many medicines and techniques that were discovered by the scientists of ancient Egypt, Rome and Greece.
Historians believe that medicine as a science was formed in ancient Egypt, and from there it spread to other civilizations developed at that time. The medicine of Ancient Greece was founded by a native of Egypt - Aesculapius. At that time, philosophers tried to explain the processes occurring in the human body. As a result, interest arose in the structure of the human body, in its study. Autopsies began in ancient Greece. So much knowledge has accumulated that it has become possibleopen medical schools and create some semblance of hospitals in the territories of the temples. During this period, such areas of medicine as obstetrics, traumatology, surgery and dentistry were brought to a high level. All this knowledge was transferred to Alexandria after the fall of Greece and continued to develop.
An empire as militant as Rome could not do without medicine. Particular attention was paid to surgery, as soldiers often received injuries on the battlefield that required surgical intervention. The medicine of Ancient Rome took the achievements of Greece and Alexandria as the basis of its knowledge.
Of course, the development of medicine has left its traces in other ancient civilizations, such as Japan, Tibet, India and China. In these regions, the history of medicine had much in common. For example, autopsy was not practiced there for a long time, and therefore knowledge about the structure of human internal organs remained very vague, and ideas about it were fantastic. But, despite this, the diagnosis of the disease was at the highest level for that time. For example, to recognize diseases, healers used the method of counting the pulse in various parts of the human body. They also had an idea about hygiene and infection routes. Herbal or animal products were used for treatment.
Even at the stage of witchcraft and magic, medicine was divided into its two main areas: surgery and therapy. And later there were others, moresubtle, offshoots and specializations.
In the Middle Ages, due to the ideology of Catholic Christianity, medicine remained at the level of Ancient Rome and Greece. Diseases were then explained by the "punishment of the Lord", and doctors were associated with diseases and evil spirits, and sometimes they were called sorcerers and handed over to the hands of the Inquisition. The history of medicine has stagnated.
Interest in this science appeared again only at the end of the Middle Ages. Anatomical theaters and prominent scientists in this field began to appear.
Since then, medicine has changed, and today it also continues to develop. There are fewer and fewer diseases that would not be subject to modern science.
