What is he alth? It is not just the absence of this or that disease. He alth is a state of creative return, good performance and emotional tone. From all this, the well-being of the individual is formed.
Today, we can state the fact that human he alth, whether it is an adult or a child, occupies the highest priority positions in the world. The fact is that any state needs creative and active individuals who have a harmonious development. But every day new, ever higher demands are made to a person. Only a he althy person is capable of meeting them.
But how to solve this problem? The answer to this question can be oriental wisdom that human he alth is the peak, which everyone must conquer on their own. What is the role of teachers in this case? They must teach their pupils to conquer suchtop.
The meaning of the initial life stage
At preschool age, the foundation of a person's mental and physical he alth is formed. The first seven years of life is the period when people go through a huge path of their development, which will not be repeated in subsequent years.
It is in the preschool period that all organs develop intensively, the formation of functional systems takes place, character is formed, defining personality traits are laid. At the same time, a small person begins to treat himself and the people around him in a certain way.
Teacher's task
The adult responsible for the upbringing of the child must:
- instill in him a value attitude to he alth;
- teach him to refuse everything harmful to the body;
- instill a sense of responsibility for his he alth.
These tasks should be solved through the implementation of the program "He alth Saving in Preschool". The success of its implementation depends on a systematic approach to solving this problem, which the institution uses in its work. Activities carried out in this direction should be carried out in accordance with a coordinated policy, supported by an approved comprehensive action plan.
Relevance of the topic
According to the Federal State Educational Standard, the educator in his work must apply various he alth-saving technologies in the preschool educational institution. By doing this, he will achieve a solution to the prioritythe task that modern preschool education faces, namely, the preservation, maintenance and enrichment of the he alth of the child, teacher and parents. In other words, all subjects of the educational process carried out in the preschool educational institution.
Raising a socially adapted personality
The program for he alth saving in the preschool educational institution according to the Federal State Educational Standard includes steps to maintain the physical condition of the child. And this is very important. After all, the physical he alth of children is inextricably linked with their emotional well-being, as well as mental he alth. And only a high level of all these components allows us to talk about a harmoniously developed personality.
The he alth saving program in the preschool educational institution according to the Federal State Educational Standard is structured in such a way that the principle of realizing that a he althy child is certainly successful is dominant in it. This can be achieved through a whole system of activities aimed at the physical education of children.
Application of pedagogical technologies
Currently, work on he alth saving in preschool educational institutions is one of the highest priority areas of the educational process. How to implement these activities? And here he alth-saving technologies come to the aid of the teacher.
It should be borne in mind that when determining the he alth of a child, one should not dwell only on the physical component of this definition. In this case, one should not forget about the socio-psychological and spiritual and moral side of the issue. After all, he alth is a multifaceted concept. And it includes many different aspects.
That is why the modernization of the Russian education system is aimed at creating conditions for the he alth saving of preschool educational institutions. This will certainly improve the quality of the educational process. In this regard, the recently adopted state standards (FSES), as the main task that is set for educational institutions, single out the comprehensive development of the younger generation, taking into account the age capabilities and individual abilities of each child, while maintaining and strengthening his he alth.
The concept of pedagogical technologies
The work of children on the he alth preservation of preschool educational institutions directly depends on the program that teachers should work on. When compiling it, the following are taken into account:
- specific conditions in the preschool educational institution;
- professional competence of teachers;
- indications of the incidence of children.
What does the concept of "pedagogical technologies for he alth saving" mean? Different authors interpret it differently. So, the founder of this concept N. K. Smirnov in his writings said that this is nothing but a set of methods and forms of such an organization of the learning process that would not be carried out to the detriment of the he alth of students. In his opinion, he alth saving in a preschool educational institution should be present in the application of any pedagogical technology and be its qualitative characteristic. At the same time, it is important that he alth is maintained in all subjects of the educational process. And they include teachers, children and their parents.
He alth-saving technologies are a kind ofa certificate of safety of the physical condition of people participating in the educational process. In addition, such technologies serve as a set of those methods, techniques and principles of the work of the educator, which are an addition to traditional pedagogical technologies.
Purpose of application
Why is he alth saving needed in preschool? The purpose of this direction is multifaceted. So, for a child, this kind of pedagogical technologies make it possible to ensure a high level of his he alth with the simultaneous education of a valueological culture. Valeological competence is a combination of a child's conscious attitude to his he alth and the ability to protect, preserve and maintain it. All this will allow the preschooler to effectively and independently solve the problems of safe behavior, as well as a he althy lifestyle, which are associated with the provision of the most elementary physical and psychological assistance and mutual assistance.
He alth saving preschool educational institution of parents and teachers is assistance in the development of a culture of he alth. This concept includes maintaining the physical condition of caregivers, as well as valeological education of the baby's fathers and mothers.
He alth saving in preschool educational institutions with the use of appropriate technologies will significantly increase the efficiency of the educational process. At the same time, such a program will form value orientations for parents and teachers aimed at strengthening the he alth of preschool children. But this is possible only if conditions are created for adjusting technologies to suit specific conditions, as well asspecialization of the institution. In addition, a program aimed at protecting the he alth of preschool teachers and parents of children will form positive motivations in adults only if it is based on statistical monitoring of the physical condition of children. At the same time, it is important to make amendments to all ongoing activities that relate to the intensity of technological methods and ensure an individual approach to each pupil.
Only then all actions will help to achieve the goal. He alth-saving technologies will allow the child to form a stable motivation aimed at maintaining an active lifestyle. In this case, the baby will be cheerful, open to communication and optimistic. Achieving this goal is the key to the successful development of the entire spectrum of qualities and personality traits.
Varieties of pedagogical technologies
What should a preschool he alth plan include? It should include all activities aimed at the use of various types of he alth-saving technologies. And this:
- physical education minutes (dynamic pauses);
- rhythmoplasty;
- sports games;
- technologies with an aesthetic orientation;
- relaxation;
- gymnastics for the eyes and finger, for awakening and breathing;
- he alth jogging;
- physical education;
- communicative and entertaining games;
- self-massage;
- classes on the topic "He alth";
- technologies of exposure to color, music;
- fairy tale therapy, etc.
Implementation steps
The plan for he alth saving in the preschool educational institution is carried out when passing through several stages. So, the stages of implementation of such technologies are:
1. Analysis of physical development and initial state of he alth. At the same time, it is important to take into account the level of development of valeological skills and abilities of children. An important factor for the analysis should be the he alth-saving environment that exists in the preschool educational institution.
2. Organization of the necessary space.
3. Establishing contacts with other employees of the children's institution.
4. Self-education of a preschool teacher on he alth saving with the study of all the techniques and methods in this area.
5. Implementation of various forms of work to strengthen and preserve the he alth of various categories of adults and children.
6. Work with parents of babies, which has a valeological orientation.
All the technologies described above should be included in the self-education plan of the preschool teacher on the topic of he alth saving. His actions in the future should have a comprehensive focus. Only in this case, the child will form the habit of leading a he althy lifestyle. Work on the introduction of these technologies should be carried out not only by educators. It is necessary that physical education instructors, music directors, educational psychologists, and speech therapists take part in it. Only in this case, the child will learn to understand his own emotions, begin to control behavior, and also feel and hear his body.
Using wellness regimens
What else should be includedhe alth protection of children in preschool? This program will certainly include:
- a variety of wellness regimens, including flexible and adaptive, seasonal and sparing;
- a set of developmental activities, which includes the passage of "he alth paths", air hardening, walking barefoot, rinsing the mouth and throat, invigorating gymnastics, etc.;
- a variety of physical education activities;
- maximum use of motor mode;
- preventive measures in the form of rhythmoplasty, dry pool, logorhythmics, tactile tracks.
The plan of self-education of the teacher of the preschool educational institution on the topic of he alth saving must certainly include a question regarding the organization of rational nutrition.
It is also necessary to provide for a whole range of measures that preserve the psychological and physical he alth of adults. In addition, all activities of the teacher must be carried out in compliance with the requirements of SanPiN.
Results of introducing pedagogical technologies
A teacher who receives self-education in the he alth care of a preschool educational institution must remember that work on the physical and psychological state of the child is not a separate periodic event. The introduction of appropriate technologies into practice must certainly become the ideology of the entire educational process. After all, its result will be the creation of a certain behavioral base of the individual, which will remain for life.
The result of the introduction of he alth-saving technologies should be:
-the formation of the necessary skills to promote a he althy lifestyle in both children and adults;
- active interaction of all preschool specialists on the organization of he alth and physical education work with kids;
- manifestation of tolerance of each of the participants the introduction of such technologies in the general educational process of preschool educational institutions;
- the creation of a regulatory framework that considers the issues of improving the younger generation;
- the introduction of the latest scientific and methodological methods;
- the organization of the process aimed at preserving the physical and mental he alth of children and creating the necessary he alth-saving space not only in the preschool educational institution, but also in the family;
- maintaining and improving children's he alth indicators.
The introduction of such pedagogical technologies is one of the most promising areas of work for educational institutions. This set of techniques and methods of teaching young children will achieve the harmonious development of personality without compromising their physical and mental development.
He alth promotion and preservation technologies
Let's consider in more detail the techniques that are used by the teacher during activities to preserve the he alth of children.
One of the components of such a process is rhythmoplasty. It develops children's flexibility and ear for music, forms the correct posture.
During classes, the teacher should also make dynamic pauses. They are a set of exercises in finger and breathing exercises. They should also include charging foreye. Such physical training sessions usually do not last very long. Their frequency depends on the fatigue of children. The time allotted for their implementation is from 2 to 5 minutes.
Every day, the teacher should conduct sports games with children. However, they are usually part of a physical education class. Outdoor games are recommended for children and during a walk. They are also carried out in a group room, when babies do not have the opportunity to show a high degree of mobility. Games should be selected taking into account the age of the child, as well as the place and time of their conduct.
Important to maintain and promote children's he alth and relaxation. Its main task is to teach kids to manage their own emotions and behavior. Through relaxation, preschoolers begin to "hear" their bodies.
The teacher conducts activities aimed at creating a balance of positive and negative emotions, as well as ensuring a life-affirming position and maintaining internal balance. The task of an adult is not to suppress or eradicate the emotions that have arisen in a child. He teaches children to feel their feelings and manage their behavior.
To achieve this goal, relaxation exercises are used both for one or another part of the muscles and for the whole body. During relaxation, it is important to create the necessary mood. To do this, calm music (Rakhmaninov, Tchaikovsky) or the sounds of nature should sound in the room. There is an element of play in such exercises, and therefore they are very popular with children whothey quickly learn such a difficult, it would seem, relaxation.
Finger gymnastics must certainly participate in the he alth saving program. Its main tasks are:
- development of accuracy and manual dexterity;
- stimulation of the baby's creative abilities;
- development of speech and fantasy;
- preparation of a preschooler's hand for writing.
Finger gymnastics classes are held daily. They can be individual or involving a group of children. Fine motor skills training allows you to stimulate spatial thinking, speech, blood circulation and attention, speed of reaction and imagination. All this is especially useful for those children who have speech problems.
At any free time, the teacher can do eye exercises with children. The specific period of time will depend on the visual load of the child. With the help of such gymnastics, static tension in the muscles of the eyes is removed, blood circulation improves in them. To teach children exercises, the teacher uses visual material.
One of the types of physical culture and he alth work is breathing exercises. Thanks to her exercises in children, oxygen metabolism in tissues is activated. At the same time, the work of the whole organism is normalized.
When drawing up plans for he alth saving, the teacher should provide for daily invigorating gymnastics. It is carried out within 5-10 minutes immediately after daytime sleep. This is a small complex that includes:
- exercises on beds;
- movements to correct flat feet;
- educationcorrect posture;
- washing.
Morning exercises should also be done with children every day. These 6-8 minutes of classes will be most effective if they receive musical accompaniment. At the same time, the children will begin the active formation of gymnastic skills and abilities.
A more complex set of exercises should include physical education. They are held three times a week. The duration of such classes should not be less than thirty minutes. The exercises used in this process teach preschoolers motor skills and abilities. With regular physical education, children's immunity increases.
But no matter how much we, adults, do for our children, a good result can be obtained only after connecting the child himself to the healing process. Despite his age, he is able to do a lot for his physical development. This kid just needs to be told. To achieve this goal, the teacher conducts a series of classes called "The ABC of He alth". Their topics are "My body", "Me and my body", etc.
In the form of a dynamic pause in the learning process or in the form of a game, an adult should offer children to do self-massage. At the same time, simple and accessible movements should be accompanied by vivid images and cheerful verses. After self-massage, blood circulation increases, the work of internal organs normalizes, and posture improves. Not only the physical he alth of a person is strengthened, but also his psyche.
All these, plus manyother technologies aimed at protecting children's he alth have a fairly high efficiency. However, the positive impact of all methods and techniques is determined not only by their qualitative characteristics, but also by their competent application in the general education system.
