Simple and understandable schemes of parts of speech for morphological analysis

2024 Author: Angel Austin | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:14

Morphology is rightfully considered one of the most difficult sections of the Russian language. This is not surprising: many parts of speech are intertwined into one system, where each word has its own function. These functions are revealed during morphological analysis. Let's look at the schemes for parsing parts of speech together.

Analysis Basics

In Russian there are six independent parts of speech and four auxiliary parts of speech (conjunction, interjection, particle, preposition), which are subjected to morphological analysis. To structure them, you can make diagrams of all parts of speech.

When compiling a scheme for the morphological analysis of all parts of speech, it is important to know that the features by which the analysis is carried out are divided into permanent and non-permanent. Permanent features are characteristic of the totality of all word forms of one word, while non-permanent features are observed only in one form.

Below you can find the principle of parsing all parts of speech. In order to better assimilate new information, we propose to consolidate it in practice. In the pictures in this article you will find offers withwords underlined in blue, we invite you to parse them yourself.

Noun

1. The word is put in the initial form (singular nominative case).
2. Determine the part of speech (noun).
3. Rank by value (concrete/abstract/real/collective).
4. Proper name or common noun.
5. Animation.
6. Genus and declension.
7. Case.
8. Number.
9. A function in a sentence.

An example of parsing a noun

For Martha, the death of her father was tantamount to her own death.

1. Marfa.
2. Noun.
3. Specific.
4. Own.
5. Animated.
6. Feminine.
7. First declension.
8. Genitive
9. Singular.
10. Addition.

Adjective

1. Initial form.
2. Adjective.
3. Qualitative, relative or possessive.
4. Full or short.
5. Degree of comparison (for quality).
6. Born.
7. Number.
8. Case.
9. A function in a sentence.

Example of parsing an adjective

Glass shop windows reflected in her eyes.

1. Glass.
2. Adjective.
3. Relative.
4. Full.
5. Masculine.
6. Plural.
7. Nominative case.
8. Definition.

Numeral name

1. Initial form
2. Numeral.
3. Simple, complex or compound.
4. Quantitative, collective, ordinal, fractional.
5. Case.
6. Number (if any).
7. Gen (if any).
8. A function in a sentence.

An example of parsing a numeral

She's only three days away from getting the job done, but management doesn't want to step in.

1. Three.
2. Numeral.
3. Simple.
4. Quantitative.
5. Genitive.
6. Addition.

Pronoun

1. Initial form.
2. Pronoun.
3. Rank by value.
4. Face (if any).
5. Gen, number, case (if any).
6. A function in a sentence.

Pronoun parsing example

I walked along the pavement for a long time and thought about the past two days, which were filled with joy and happiness.

1. I.
2. Pronoun.
3. Private.
4. First person.
5. Singular.
6. Nominative case.
7. Subject.

Verb

1. Initial form (infinitive).
2. Verb.
3. Returnability.
4. View.
5. Transitivity.
6. Conjugation.
7. Inclination.
8. Time.
9. Gen, number and person.
10. Role in the proposal.

Example of parsing a verb

He barely moved after the injury.

1. Moved.
2. Verb.
3. Returnable.
4. An imperfect look.
5. Intransitive.
6. First conjugation.
7. Indicative.
8. Past tense.
9. Singular.
10. Predicate.

Communion and participle

The order of parsing is quite simple. You should not make separate lists for participles and participles, as you can use the schemes of parts of speech compiled earlier.

In the case of the participle, you need to move through the verb pattern first, and then the adjective. If you have to parse the gerund, then first determine the signs of the verb, and then indicate the sign of the adverb - an invariable form.

That is, for the morphological analysis of participles and gerunds, you need three schemes of parts of speech: a verb, an adjective and an adverb.

Analysis of the participle

By accepting yourself, you can succeed with others, and by understanding part-of-speech patterns, you can succeed in morphology.

1. Accepting.
2. Gerential participle.
3. Irrevocable.
4. An imperfect look.
5. Transitional.
6. Invariant form.
7. Circumstance.

Adverb

1. Word.
2. Adverb.
3. Group by value.
4. Invariance.
5. Degree of comparison.
6. A function in a sentence.

Adverb Parsing

Mom said she would be home soon.

1. Coming soon.
2. Adverb.
3. Time value.
4. Immutability.
5. Circumstance.

Preposition scheme

1. Word.
2. Preposition.
3. The meaning given by the preposition.
4. Productivity.
5. Case.
6. Role in the proposal.

Preposition parsing

The mountains are harder to walk than the plains.

1. Across (mountains).
2. Connection of independent words.
3. Meaning of place.
4. Non-derivative.
5. Used with a dative noun.
6. Part of circumstance.

Union Scheme

1. Word.
2. Union.
3. Group by value.
4. Simple, compound, double.
5. Role.

Union parsing

Schemes of parts of speech are scary at first, and this makes it difficult to understand them.

1. I.
2. Union.
3. Connecting.
4. Simple.
5. Connecting the parts of a compound sentence.

Particle scheme

1. Word.
2. Particle.
3. Discharge.

Particle parsing

I don't want to talk to you.

1. Not.
2. Particle.
3. Negative.

Interjection scheme

1. Word.
2. Interjection.
3. Value.

Interjection parsing

Ah, how good it is to lie on the green grass.

1. Ah.
2. Interjection.
3. Expression of feelings.

Over time, you will remember which part of speechmatches each pattern. With the help of the schemes presented in the article, you will learn how to quickly and efficiently perform morphological analysis. Train and solve more and more riddles of the great Russian language.