Let's consider the main stages of an experiment conducted within any educational or research organization. There is no specific template or ready-made scheme, according to which any problem is solved. Experimental activity, as well as the features of actions, directly depend on its specificity.
Overall structure
It includes the following mandatory elements:
- the subject of cognition, as well as its direct activity;
- object for experiment;
- means of influence on the analyzed object
Such elements are rightfully considered universal. On their basis, experimental activities are carried out not only in research institutes and laboratories, but also in ordinary educational organizations.
Specificity of the algorithm
Let's consider the main stages of the study, as well as those components that need to be taken into account to obtain reliable results. Anythe experiment involves a certain sequence of actions:
- identifying and posing a specific problem;
- formulation of a hypothesis of practical or theoretical research;
- development of the working mechanism;
- choosing a methodology for conducting an experiment;
- processing the received data
Propose a problem
Experimental research methods are difficult to imagine without first setting a hypothesis. When formulating it, the direction of work, the features of the academic discipline (scientific field) are taken into account. The final result of all work, the relevance and significance of the project directly depend on the correctness of the assumption.
Hypothesis example
If the research work involves the analysis of the qualities of Ivan-tea, we suggest making a short introduction. Theoretical studies have shown that in Russia they used an infusion of willow-tea for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Confirmation of the unique properties of this drink are the studies conducted by the Russian chemist Peter Aleksandrovich Badmaev. He claimed that he was able to live a hundred years only because he constantly consumed the infusion of a unique plant.
Ivan-tea has a unique chemical composition, so it is rightfully called the pantry of nature. Its ascorbic acid content is six times that of a lemon.
Experimental research methods have shown that the drink is suitable forprevention of colds. Gradually, the traditions of using Ivan-tea are lost, and this he althy drink is undeservedly excluded from the diet.
Given the relevance of the issue under consideration, the research work will compare the chemical properties of Ivan-tea and classical tea, identifying their similar and distinctive parameters.
The purpose of the study: quantitative determination of ascorbic acid in taken tea samples, comparison of taste indicators of the samples used.
Hypothesis: in terms of the quantitative composition of ascorbic acid and organoleptic parameters, Indian tea is significantly inferior to Ivan tea.
The preparation and conduct of the experiment is carried out precisely on the basis of the hypothesis put forward.
Develop an action plan
At this stage, it is supposed to identify the object and subject of the ongoing research, the amount of work, and the choice of methodology. All stages of the experiment must be interconnected, otherwise it will be impossible to talk about the reliability of the results.
For example, the following components can be used to study the organoleptic characteristics of Ivan-tea.
Objectives of the ongoing research:
- reveal the organoleptic parameters of selected samples during the tasting process;
- perform mathematical calculation by titration.
Subject of experiments: the quantitative content of vitamin C in the original tea samples.
Object of analysis: Ivan-tea and classic Indian tea.
Research methods:
- literary review;
- iodometric analysis (titrimetric study);
- statistical processing of the obtained results
Sequence of actions
The main stages of the experiment related to this work are similar to the general structure.
After identifying the object, subject and putting forward a hypothesis, a choice of methodology is made. Although there are several methods for the quantitative determination of ascorbic acid, the iodometric method is suitable for the described experiment. It is available to determine the quantitative content of iodine in fireweed in a simple school chemistry laboratory.
Determining the content of vitamin C in tea leaves involves the following stages of the experiment:
- preparing starch solution;
- determination of the content of ascorbic acid by iodometry in the studied tea samples.
To determine the content of vitamin C in tea samples, it is first important to titrate the extract of ascorbic acid in an acidic medium using a solution of iodine with a given molar concentration. This organic compound is easily destroyed, therefore, to prevent the decomposition process, an acidic environment of the solution is created (by adding 5% hydrochloric acid).
Considering the concept of experiment, types of experiment, it is important to pay attention to the statistical processing of the results obtained during the work. In addition to holdingmathematical calculations, when formulating conclusions, it is important to build on the assumption put forward at the initial stage (hypothesis).
Optional conclusion in research paper
The hypothesis set at the first stage of the work was confirmed in full. During the implementation of the experimental part of this research work, the amount of organic matter in all analyzed samples was calculated by iodometric method. The results obtained indicate that the natural drink in question is a true pantry of vitamin C for the human body.
Given the harsh climatic features of the northern region, the use by the population of all products with a high content of ascorbic acid becomes relevant. The weighted average norm of physiological needs for vitamin C in the Far North is 120-200 mg per day (50% higher than in other regions of the Russian Federation). To saturate the body with ascorbic acid, it is enough to consume from 30 to 50 grams of Ivan-tea per day.
Ivan-tea has a pleasant aroma. This drink brings the body into tone, adds vitality. It has a preventive effect on the entire body as a whole. In the heat, there is no better remedy than hot willow tea to quench your thirst.
