The main types of leisure are not just different ways of spending time by ordinary people, but a real topic for a full-fledged scientific research, which has been proven more than once by the authors of serious works. At the same time, attention was paid not only to the formulation of the very concept of leisure, but also to the allocation of its structure. It is customary to talk about several levels that differ from one another in terms of significance in terms of culture, psychology, emotional response and spiritual activity.
It couldn't be easier
Of all types of leisure activities, the simplest is rest. This term is used to denote the time that is spent on restoring the energy spent during labor activity. There are varieties of recreation: passive, active.
Passive
This term is used to denote this type of leisure, entertainment, in which a person is calm, fatigue gradually passes, reserves of strength are restored. A person, planning such a pastime, does not pursue any distant goals. In fact, positive leisure in passive recreation is present in its infancy. This is an individual spending time in a passive state. For any he althy personPassive rest is the key to maintaining mental and physical he alth. Psychologists say that this pastime allows you to prepare for sophisticated forms of creative activity.
Active
This category includes such types and forms of leisure, when a person's strength is not only restored to the same volume, but even becomes greater. Activity within the framework of pastime involves the activation of mental, physical functions of the body that are not involved in the main employment. A person can move and enjoy this process, his emotions replace each other. Active recreation is also an interaction with friends, relatives and loved ones.
Active is quite different from the passive kind, a form of leisure. To begin actions, you need to have a certain minimum reserve of strength, have suitable training, and exert an effort of will. The classic ways to spend time like this are sports, mental exercises, tourism, watching movies, visiting museums, theaters, concert venues, reading, contacting friends.
One level up
The second category of modern leisure activities is entertainment. In the usual understanding of the layman, this term refers to such activity in their free time from work and other mandatory tasks, when the individual has fun, forgets about worries and gets all sorts of pleasure. Entertainment by default requires some level of activity, so we can't talk about passive or active options here.
Rest is a type of leisure that is designed to restore the body's strength. Entertainment, in turn, makes it possible to relieve mental stress, overwork associated with mental, emotional state. Amusements should not be neglected or considered, as it has recently become fashionable in certain circles, as an empty pastime. The emotional charge that a person receives during such a rest is extremely important for an adequate perception of everyday life. This makes it easier to endure the stresses of daily work, problems.
Third stage
The next level of leisure activities is even more complex, but also more productive. This is a learning activity. It is based on active recreation and involves regular careful study of serious publications. It is necessary to visit exhibitions, museums. If the previously described pastime is primarily aimed at relieving stress, emotional overstrain, then cognitive activity is a method of educating one's own feelings and a way to broaden one's horizons.
Cognitive type of leisure is a purposeful human activity that must be systematic in order to bring real benefits. Spending time in this way, a person thereby expands his knowledge and capabilities, gets acquainted with cultural values. This is most important for young people, as it helps to expand their spiritual world and become a full-fledged, comprehensive, deep personality.
Whatnext?
The fourth, most complex and effective level of all known types of leisure is creativity. This is the most serious method of wasting free time. In fact, this is the only kind of leisure that is aimed at creation, not consumption. As psychologists say, inside any person there is a need for creativity, but often we simply cannot realize this. The desire for creativity is most pronounced at a young age. Creativity is a source of incredible pleasure, it is a means through which you can develop, improve yourself and your spirit.
Maslow's Theories
According to the postulates of this scientist, all human needs can be divided into:
- basic (sleep, nutrition);
- need to be safe;
- need to belong, love;
- need for self-respect from oneself and others;
- growth needs.
The last category includes the desire to be a whole, perfect person. It is human nature to strive for justice and perfection. It is they who are expressed in creative activity.
Man, rest and fundamental questions
Regardless of what types of leisure a person prefers, they are to some extent connected with his personality, the very process of formation of which is associated with the search for oneself and unique answers that reveal the essence of existence and the purpose of this phenomenon. For any person, sooner or later it becomes extremely important to find out what nature is and whynecessary to maintain relationships with other members of society. Through the creative process, which is the most complex of possible types of leisure, a person gets the opportunity to find a suitable answer for himself. Of course, there is no universal and final solution, but spirituality is the very process of finding suitable formulations for a particular individual, convincing answers.
Creativity: what is it about?
It is believed that the best leisure activities for children are related to creativity. At the same time, this term is quite broad, so not everyone can immediately figure out what kind of activity it implies, and what can no longer be attributed to creativity. In general, they understand:
- technical;
- applied, decorative;
- artistic.
And if in more detail?
Technical leisure activities for children and adults - designing, inventing something new. This includes innovation. The decorative and applied areas include cooking, the creation of any products, objects, burning and chasing with your own hands. Even growing flowers at home is also creativity.
Finally, art is the most understandable pastime for the broad masses, obviously associated in the mind of a person with creativity. This includes dancing and singing, folklore and painting, participation in amateur performances. A very important type of leisure is creativity associated with the stage; literary activity is no less significant.
Thiscurious
Mostly types of leisure and recreation associated with creativity are amateur activities. Quite rarely, activities reach a professional level, few are able to really reach the heights. But even the amateur level is already an important basis for revealing one's own potential, identifying and developing talent. This is largely due to the strong effect that the results of such activities have on the public.
My vacation is to create it for others
This is such a special leisure subspecies, which involves the organization of a collective pastime. The person who takes responsibility for this thereby undertakes to come up with ways to include all participants in the situation in the solution of the common problem. To do this, you need to be able to find compromises between personal interests: your own and others. In order for the result to be as effective as possible, it is necessary to be able to captivate all participants in the pastime by the organizational process. The result is determined not only by the quality of the organization, but also by the ability and recreation skills of each individual involved in the situation.
Leisure content
Currently popular types of leisure activities for young people can be divided into groups based on their characteristics:
- content (entertainment, educational activity);
- time (brief, systematic, from time to time);
- character (activity, passivity);
- direction of contacts.
What about examples?
Organized Leisure:
- spectacular events in which spectators take an active part;
- games that require the mobility of participants and attract equally prepared, untrained participants;
- he alth, designed to regulate mental, physical activity, activities that help achieve overall balance and improve well-being;
- logical game situations that mimic common life problems typical of the participants;
- games to develop dexterity, reaction and other parameters;
- rituals, ceremonies, dances that allow you to communicate, spend time, transfer the cultural baggage of the nation between generations.
Recreation and personal qualities
As psychologists say, a person makes a choice in favor of a particular leisure based on his own spiritual we alth: the connection is direct, but at the same time there is an inverse one. Cultural is always rich leisure, which is effective and strongly influences the person who chooses this method of spending time.
The ability to organize a proper and interesting vacation that captivates all potential participants is not an easy task. You need to be able to choose the appropriate form, taking into account a specific group, explain what is expected, captivate the participants, create conditions in which they can receive impressions, skills, knowledge.
Family activities
The complexity of this method of spending time is that children and adults have radically divergent interests, ideas about what is valuable,useful, important, meaningful. The task of the elders is to select such ways of spending time that will be of interest to all participants, but at the same time will help develop children, instill in them cultural skills. As mentioned above, the best rest is creativity, through which a person can realize his potential. Family leisure should be built with this postulate in mind. If a child shows a desire to create, it is necessary to create suitable conditions for this. If this is not observed, the task of parents is to organize leisure in a playful way in such a way as to gradually lead the younger generation to the desire to create something new on their own.
Classic Family Vacation Options:
- a joint trip to nature;
- you can go to a museum or an exhibition with the whole family, choosing an option that will be interesting for adults and understandable for children;
- spend time playing board games that develop strategic thinking.
Youth leisure
At present, the greatest attention of young people is attracted by all kinds of audio and visual objects. To a greater extent, this is noticeable in large cities, but in recent years, in small towns, villages where there are computers, access to the World Wide Web, such trends cannot go unnoticed. Not only young people, but also older people cannot imagine their everyday life without a computer - a means for studying, working, communicating, entertaining and acquiring useful skills.
Eating at the same timequite a large circle of opponents of such an abundance of electronic computing technology in our everyday life. It is believed that this hinders the normal individual development of the personality and spoils childhood, distorts adolescence, does not allow you to fully enjoy youth. Instead of the usual forms of communication several decades ago, in our time, many are trying to choose the Internet, where many interaction formats are presented, and games occupy not the last place. Others are convinced that the time that teenagers spend communicating through a computer does not allow them to receive full cultural and spiritual development, does not give them the opportunity to read, play sports and develop as a creative person. There is also an opinion that psychological dependence on a computer is a serious illness for which it is urgent to develop a cure.
Is everything clear?
Psychologists pay attention: you can not blame the computer for the narrowness of the development of a particular personality. The machine is just a tool that each person uses at his own discretion. The attitude with which a person exploits the technique that has fallen into his hands determines the result of this process. A trained user is interested in gaining new knowledge, and it is the computer that gives him many opportunities for this. In particular, the same games allow you to find yourself in non-standard situations where you can make a decision and become independent, understand the importance of taking responsibility for your actions.
What else to see?
Another popular leisure activity of modernyouth is associated with a variety of music. It is believed that audio is the most global type of recreation adapted to our civilization, embracing a wide audience as much as possible. In countries that have reached a high level of development, there is even an institutional complex that includes numerous creators, firms that produce and sell their records, and organize concerts. A musical product is available to everyone and everyone, and every person is free to choose the most suitable for him - including what helps to improve their own musical tastes, develop, expand their understanding of aesthetics.
