What is time? In English, to express time, they use a change in the form of the verb (a word that indicates an action). This article will consider the declension of the verb in the present tense (present) in a simple form (simple).
The present simple tense is used when they want to talk about something that is happening now or usually, regularly. To be more precise, in cases where a specific time is not required. For example, I watch the cartoon Masha and the Bear (I watch the cartoon Masha and the Bear) would be correct to say if we are talking about our hobby. But if we report an action that is happening at the moment of the conversation and will continue to happen for some time, for example, I am watching the cartoon Masha and the Bear (I am watching the cartoon Masha and the Bear right now), then this will not be so simple time, and the longest - Continuous Progressive. But first you need to deal with Simple and after the theory proceed to the tasks in Present Simple.
Present Simple Verb Declension
So afterOnce you have decided on the time and form of the proposal, you need to choose the type. As in Russian, there are only three types of sentences in English: affirmative, interrogative and negative. Consider an example of the declension of the verb to run (to run) using pronouns.
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|
I run You run He runs She runs It runs We run You run They run |
I do not (don't) run You do not (don't) run He does not (doesn't) run She does not (doesn't) run It does not (doesn't) run We do not (don't) run You do not (don't) run They do not (don't) run |
Do I run? Do You run? Does he run? Does she run? Does it run? Do we run? Do you run? Do they run? |
From the example above, you can guess that with verbs related to pronouns and nouns in the third person (he, she, it, Michael, Viktoria, mouse), not everything is so simple. The form of the ending depends on the last letter of the verb: es is added after o, ss, sh, s, ch, x, z; ies - after y, with y omitted. For example, the verb to fly Sasha flies like a bird (Sasha flies like a bird). Otherwise, just use s.
Linking verbs in Present Simple
Also, for a complete understanding and correct completion of tasks in Present Simple, knowledge is usefuldeclensions of linking verbs to be (to be) and to have/to have got (to have).
To be
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|
I am (I'm) a very happy child You are (You're) a very happy child He is (He's) a very happy child She is (She's) a very happy child It is (It's) a very happy child We are (We're) a very happy child You are (You're) a very happy child They are (They're) a very happy child |
I am not (I'm not) a very happy child You are not (You aren't) a very happy child He is not (He isn't) a very happy child She is not (She isn't) a very happy child It is not (It isn't) a very happy child We are not (We aren't) a very happy child You are not (You aren't) a very happy child They are not (They aren't) a very happy child |
Am I a very happy child? Are You a very happy child? Is he a very happy child? Is she a very happy child? Is it a very happy child? Are we a very happy child? Are you a very happy child? Are they a very happy child? |
To have got/
HV=have HS=has
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|
I HV (I've) got a big candy You HV (You've) got a bigcandy He HS (He's) got a big candy She HS (She's) got a big candy It HS (It's) got a big candy We HV (We've) got a big candy You HV (You've) got a big candy They HV (They've) got a big candy |
I HV not (haven't) got a big candy You HV not (haven't) got a big candy He HS not (hasn't) got a big candy She HS not (hasn't) got a big candy It HS not (hasn't) got a big candy We HV not (haven't) got a big candy You HV not (haven't) got a big candy They HV not (haven't) got a big candy |
HV I got a big candy? HV You got a big candy? HS he got a big candy? HS she got a big candy? HS it got a big candy? HV we got a big candy? HV you got a big candy? HV they got a big candy? |
To have
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|
I HV (I've) tea whith Lena You HV (You've) tea whith Lena He HS (He's) tea whith Lena She HS (She's) tea whith Lena It HS (It's) tea whith Lena We HV (We've) tea whith Lena You HV (You've) tea whith Lena They HV (They've) tea whith Lena |
I HV not (haven't) tea whith Lena You HV not (haven't) tea whith Lena He HS not (hasn't) tea whith Lena She HS not (hasn't) tea whith Lena It HS not (hasn't)tea whith Lena We HV not (haven't) tea whith Lena You HV not (haven't) tea whith Lena They HV not (haven't) tea whith Lena |
Do I HV (I've) tea whith Lena? Do You HV (You've) tea whith Lena? Does he HS (he's) tea whith Lena? Does she HS (she's) tea whith Lena? Does it HS (it's) tea whith Lena? Do we HV (we've) tea whith Lena? Do you HV (you've) tea whith Lena? Do they HV (they've) tea whith Lena? |
These expressions carry the same meaning - to have. The difference lies in the fact that to have got can only be applied in the present tense in relation to the possession of something, the presence. For example: body parts, relatives, objects, diseases. She has got blond hair (she has blond hair), you have got a beautiful mother (you have a beautiful mother), he has got a fast toy car (he has a fast car). Please note that to have got is allowed only in informal communication, that is, with family or friends. And to have got can always be replaced with to have, which doesn't work the other way around, because there are a lot of set expressions using to have, and the replacement can lead to a distortion of meaning. For example, Have you got some funny computer game? (Do you have some funny computer game?) -- > Do you have some funny computer game? (Do you have a fun computer game?): Regardless of the expression, the meaning does not change, but in the case of I have lunch (I have lunch) i have got lunch (I havelunch) replacing to have with to have got will not go unnoticed. It is important to remember and keep in mind for the correct execution of the Present Simple assignments.
Stable expressions with to have
The following set expressions are most often found in conversations with to have.
| to HV breakfast | = | have breakfast |
| to HV lunch | = | have lunch |
| to HV dinner | = | have dinner |
| to HV a drink | = | something to drink |
| to HV a good time | = | have a good time |
| to HV a talk | = | talk |
| to HV sympathy | = | sympathize |
| to HV a bath | = | take a bath |
| to HV a swim | = | swim |
| to HV a haircut | = | cut your hair |
| to HV a rest | = | rest |
| to HV a holiday | = | rest (vacation or vacation) |
| to HV difficulties/troubles | = | to face difficulties/troubles |
Modal Verbs in Present Simple
Modal verbs are verbs that reflect the attitude of the speaker and are most often not used on their own. Modal verbs include: can (be able), may (be able), must (should), need (need), would (would), shall (should), dare (dare, dare) andothers.
To have/To have got to and To be are also modal, but due to the peculiarities of their use, they should be considered separately.
In the case of all other modal verbs, everything is very simple, so simple that you don't even need to substitute endings for verbs with pronouns and nouns in the third person. Modal verbs in Present Simple are used unchanged.
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I, You, he, she, it, we, you, they can play football very well | I, he, she, it, we, you, they can not (can't) play football very well | Can I, You, he, she, it, we, you, they play football very well? |
Assignments on the topic Present Simple
After a thorough study of the theory, you can begin to practice. Let's start with a simple one, since the tasks in Present Simple for children should be interesting.
Make an interrogative and negative form for sentences:
- My frend runs fast.
- Vika has got beautiful hair.
- You are a good swimmer.
- I can halp you whith your homework
Put the verb in brackets in the correct form for Present Simple:
- Boris (to draw) after school.
- Fixies (to fix) the camera because my mother wants to photograph nature.
- (To do) you (to have) dinner?
- (To be) she your best friend?
- He (to have got) a strong dad.
Translatesentences and make an interrogative and a negative form:
- I love my family.
- He runs as fast as a rocket.
- We are best friends.
- My neighbor has a fat cat.
- She waters the flowers every morning.
Read the dialogue between Little Red Riding Hood and the Wolf pretending to be her grandmother and fill in the gaps with the words from the list:
- Can.
- Do.
- Are.
- Have.
- Are.
- Hug.
"Grandma, why do you (…) big ears?" - "So that I (…) hear you better". "Oh, grandmother, but your eyes (…) so big!" - "And this is for me to see you better." - "Grandma, but your hands (…) so big!" - "This is so that I (…) you tightly" - "But, grandmother, why (…) you have a big mouth?" - "I will eat you!"
