Methodological activity has not been fully studied as an independent type of professional work of a teacher. In the literature of the pedagogical type, there are three opinions regarding methodological activities. In any case, their main goal is to serve the practice of teaching. In this article, we will analyze the concept, purpose, basic principles, functions and methods of methodological activity. In addition, we note the most important recommendations related to its organization.
The concept and essence of methodical work
Methodological activity should be understood as part of the system of continuous education of educators and teachers in the relevant institutions. Among the main goals of this work, it is worth noting:
- Mastering the most rational methods and techniques regarding the upbringing and education of children and adolescents.
- Increasing the level of one's own preparedness for the organization and subsequent implementation of educational work.
- Exchange of experience between members of the teaching staff, as well as the identification and promotion of the best experience in the field of education.
The methodological activities of teachers and educators are mainly focused on achieving and further maintaining a high level of the educational process in terms of quality. It contributes to the expansion of the skills associated with the development of pedagogical analysis, as well as the number of experimental studies of the theoretical type. Methodical work organically connects with the daily practice of an educator or teacher.
You should know that the methodological activity of a teacher is considered as a single system of interrelated actions, activities and measures that are aimed primarily at the comprehensive improvement of the professional skills and qualifications of each teacher. It is advisable to include here measures related to self-education, management of professional self-education and self-improvement of teachers. In addition, the methodological work is aimed at increasing and fully developing the creative capabilities of the teaching staff, and ultimately - at achieving optimal indicators of education and upbringing, at improving educational work, as well as at the development of some schoolchildren.
Principlesmethodical activity
The principles of methodical work that exist today are classified into the following categories:
- Methodological principles, which include the rule of social conditionality of the development of pedagogical qualities in a professional way, consistency, scientific character, integrity of unity, as well as continuity.
- Pedagogical principles, which include the unity of education, development and training; prospects and purposefulness of development in a professional manner; balance of practice and theory; visibility of the methodological activities of teachers and educators; optimization; the activity of the team carrying out its activities in the area under consideration; unity of individual and collective methods of work.
- The following rules correspond to organizational principles: universality and obligation, continuity, complexity, planning, manageability, coordination and controllability, control and monitoring, rational use of material resources, as well as stimulation of methodical work.
Working methods
All types of methodological activities that exist today constitute an integral system of actions, activities and measures related to each other. The most effective methods at the present stage of development of educational and educational activities are considered to be the following:
- Theoretical seminar.
- Scientific and practicalconference.
- Workshop.
- Methodological decade.
- Science Days.
- Methodological bridge.
- Methodological Festival.
- Business game.
- Methodical ring.
- Discussion.
- Brainstorm.
- Teaching Club.
- Training and video training.
- Lecturer.
- Pedagogical readings.
- Project protection.
- Professional exhibition.
- Open lesson.
- Pedagogical advice on a specific topic.
It is worth noting that the latest methods of organizing methodological activities include business, innovative, organizational-active and other games that contribute to the creation of a culture of self-development and intellectual culture of educators and teachers.
Purpose and tasks of methodical work
As it turned out, the main direction of methodological activities is the formation of an innovative educational environment, as well as the competent creation of plans related to methodological work. Among the priority tasks of the methodological work of modern educational institutions, it is important to note the following:
- Improving the overall degree of professional and pedagogical culture of educators and teachers.
- Improving the level of subject-methodical, psychological-pedagogical, philosophical and methodological training of educators and teachers.
- Creating an innovative orientation in the methodological activities of teachers, which manifests itself in the systematic consideration,generalization and further dissemination of best practices in the pedagogical field, as well as in work related to the implementation of the achievements of the relevant science.
- Enrichment with fundamentally new technologies of education and training in the pedagogical sphere.
- Organization of activities related to the study of new educational programs, other curricula options, as well as changes in relevant state standards.
- Methodological support for the formation of curricula of the author's type, educational and methodological recommendations and complexes.
- Organization of work related to the study of instructive and methodological materials, new regulations.
- Subject and methodological preparation of teachers for activities in a specialized school, in other words, at the level of teaching non-core and core subjects.
- Providing assistance to educators and teachers in their professional development. It is important to add that in this case, a diagnostic individualized and differentiated basis for the implementation of the task, as well as advisory assistance in organizing the self-education of teachers, are appropriate.
- Carrying out the work of the experimental research plan.
Functions of methodical work
The key functions regarding the methodological work and activities of educators and teachers are the following functions:
- Analytical involves the analysis of existing developments of the methodological plan, the experience of colleagues, as well as relevantmaterials.
- Design related to long-term planning and development of the content of training, preparation and planning of training work.
- Constructive, which includes a system of actions for planning the upcoming lesson (through the selection and compositional planning of educational information), as well as the presentation of forms for presenting the material of the curriculum. All this leads to the interaction of the teacher and students in the process of creating professional skills, abilities, as well as new knowledge.
- Normative, which fully contributes to the implementation of educational standards, requirements of curricula, as well as the conditions for the implementation of the educational process in a particular type of institution.
- Research related to the search for new methods and forms of work.
Types of methodological activities
It is worth noting that the definition of the type of activity is based on the content of the functional component of pedagogical work. In our case, we are talking about sustainable procedures for the implementation of the design, planning, selection and application of learning tools to a specific subject. All this leads to the development and improvement of the learning system itself. It is advisable to include the following points among the types of methodological pedagogical activity:
- Analysis of documents of educational and program type, as well as methodological complexes.
- Planning a system of lessons for practical and theoretical training.
- Methodological analysis of the material used in the learning process.
- Modeling and subsequent construction of methods for presenting educational information in the classroom.
- Designing students' work related to the formation of practical skills and technical concepts.
- Formation of teaching methods in a particular subject.
- Designing student work related to the creation of practical skills and technical concepts.
- Development of methods for monitoring professional skills, knowledge and skills.
- Managing and evaluating student performance.
- Reflection of one's own activity in the process of preparing for the lesson, as well as when analyzing its results.
It is worth noting that the presented varieties of educational and methodological activities in any case do not cover the whole variety of practice of professional and pedagogical employees in the methodological plan. During methodical training, university students master certain basic types, which provide full preparation for classes.
Recommendations on the organization of methodological work
Further, it is advisable to consider the currently relevant recommendations on the organization of education, methodological activities. So, methodical work is fixed (formalized) in a documentary way in the form:
- Protocols of methodological advice.
- Developments and summaries of the most successful methodological activities of a particular institution.
- Activity plans of the Ministry of Defense, laboratories "master class", problem groups of students.
- Written materials that reflect the work of the teacher, problem groups of students, MO, laboratories "master class", on introspection and analysis of pedagogical activity.
- Analytical references related to the issue of the degree of knowledge of students. In this case, it is advisable to provide charts and graphs.
- Texts of reports, abstracts, texts, messages.
- Generalized materials regarding the system of work of teachers of a particular school, as well as press materials on educational issues.
- Formated adapted and modified methods, individual programs and technologies.
- Information from city (district) methodical seminars.
- Awards, diplomas that serve as public recognition of the effectiveness and efficiency of the activities of individual teachers, groups, MO or laboratories "master class".
Directions of methodical work
The main directions of classroom and extracurricular methodological activities are as follows:
- Educational and methodical.
- Organizational and methodological.
- Scientific and methodological.
- Innovative-methodical.
It is advisable to analyze the presented areas of methodological activity in a separate chapter.
Work areas: contents
You need to know that organizational and methodological activities are mainly aimed at implementing continuous interaction between the management of an educational institution and members of the teaching staff to create optimal conditionsfor the development and improvement of their professional training, disclosure of the abilities, interests and capabilities of each teacher. The organizational and methodological work includes the following components:
- Organization of a system of methodological work for the development of pedagogical creativity and skill, as well as for the self-realization of the initiative of teachers.
- Ensuring the training process in terms of logistics.
- Planning and further organization of methodical work with employees based on diagnostics.
- Involvement of team members in the work process of scientific and pedagogical associations, as well as in experimental research activities.
- Organization of ensuring collective and individual work in a methodical way.
- Organization of reflective activities of teachers, as well as identifying ways to solve problems of a pedagogical nature.
- Formation in an educational institution of a system of professional development of teachers and, thus, improvement of educational and educational processes.
Scientific and methodological work implies the full provision of a research approach to the organization of the educational process, professional development and improvement of teachers based on the achievements of psychological and pedagogical science, as well as direct scientific and practical experience. Among the main directions of this type of activity, it is important to note the constant study of the achievements of the science in question, practiceteaching and theory; the assimilation of scientific methods related to the diagnosis of the educational process and the creation of teachers' ability to analyze their own work on the basis of research methods; improving the planning and analysis of methodological work, while using modern scientific approaches and priorities in the development of educational structures; improvement of varieties and forms of control and diagnostics of the level of development of a team of teachers, and so on.
Conclusion
So, we have fully considered the concept, definition, key features, purpose, basic principles, varieties, functions and techniques that form the basis of methodological activity. In addition, they indicated some recommendations related to its organization. We have analyzed the key areas of methodological work. It is important to note that among them a special role is occupied by innovative and methodological activities. The fact is that it is precisely this that allows us to move forward the progress and processes that are breaking out in the field of upbringing and education both on the territory of the Russian Federation and in other equally developed countries.
Thus, innovative and methodological work should be understood first of all as one of the most relevant areas of activity for modern educational institutions. In accordance with the numerous opinions of experts, it needs to be given a greater degree of independence. The key areas of this type of activity are the following: introduction to practiceprogressive educational and management technologies; development and subsequent defense of innovative projects of the pedagogical plan, the formation of an individual trajectory for the development of a team of teachers in professional terms; formation of own traditions in the team; organization of activities in qualitatively new structures of a methodological type, including a laboratory, department, pedagogical workshop, and so on; protection of methods of the author's nature; formation of an innovative pedagogical field, as well as innovative maps of an educational institution; development of programs of a complex-target nature related to the management of innovative processes; formation of a bank of pedagogical innovations and so on.
