Today we will talk about LII them. Gromov. We will talk about what this institution is like, dive a little into its history, and also learn about the most significant incidents. Read all this in the article below.
What is it about?
LII im. Gromov is a scientific organization based in Russia. The purpose of its activity is to study the methods of ensuring the safety of aviation, the operational manufacturability of aircraft and their power plants, the attack of a number of other elements that are part of the aviation system. The main task of the scientific organization is experimental aviation.
The beginning of the story
Growth of interest in aviation and aircraft construction began to flourish only in the 1930s of the last century. This marked the beginning of large-scale construction. On the Moscow-Kazan railway, or rather near the platform called "Rest", they began to build TsAGI - the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. Zhukovsky. In parallel with this, the construction of the village of Stakhanovo was carried out (however, it received this name only in 1938) and the Ramenskoye test airfield. By the way, since 1947the village of Stakhanovo became the city of Zhukovsky. In the spring of 1941, according to the instructions of the top management, a flight research institute was opened on the basis of key divisions of TsAGI. The first director of the organization was Mikhail Gromov, chief pilot of TsAGI and Hero of the Soviet Union.
War Years
When the Great Patriotic War began, the Gomel long-range aviation division was located on the site of the Ramenskoye airfield. There were regular sorties into enemy territory, into the very depths of the terrain. LII them. Gromov decided to evacuate to Novosibirsk and Kazan.
Post-war development
Shortly after the war, the normal activities of the scientific organization were restored. In 1947, at the request of director M. Gromov, a decision was made to establish a Test Pilot School. This idea quickly became a reality, and the school showed the highest class in the training of professional personnel. For 40 years of activity, about 400 pilots have been trained here. At the same time, 48 of them are heroes of the Soviet Union, and 4 are laureates of the State Prize.
At the end of the 40s. the scale of research has increased. Refueling aircraft in the air has become a pressing issue for long-range aviation. The "hose-cone" system was popular. At the same time, FRI is looking for optimal flight modes, taking into account the refueling of various aircraft. Flying laboratories are being actively created, based on Tu-22, Il-76, Su-7B, An-12, etc.
In 1979, a group of test pilots was formed to workon the spacecraft "Buran". A group of professionals doing a great job.
Since 1992, air shows have been actively held, with various aviation companies from abroad participating in them.
In 2012 LII im. Gromov from FSUE became OJSC. All 100% shares of the scientific organization were included in the authorized capital of the United Aircraft Corporation OJSC.
Incidents
For all the time of its existence, experimental aviation has failed more than once. However, this did not stop stubborn explorers and brave pilots. But some incidents are worth mentioning.
In March 1986, test pilot Rimantas Stankevicius did not recover from a spin during a test flight. The reason for this was a factory error made during the assembly of the aircraft. The pilot managed to successfully eject.
In August 1991, during the preparation for the Aviation Day, pair aerobatics was practiced. Gennady Belous, breaking at a low height, fell into one of the courtyards of the village of Sofyino. The pilot failed to escape.
In the summer of 1992, during the preparation for the Moscow AeroShow, while practicing the “carousel” figure, Viktor Zabolotsky activated the emergency escape system of the aircraft. The plane crashed on the runway, and the pilot ejected safely.
In August 1997, the tail of the aircraft collapsed during a test of the controllability of a training aircraft. Courageous Pilot Roman Taskaevsuccessfully landed an unmanned aircraft, refusing to eject.
September 12, 2001, the steering failed and the plane became uncontrollable. This happened during the next flight as part of the certification test program. Pilot Oleg Shchepetkov successfully exited the plane, while pilot Alexander Beschastnov died trying to steer the plane away from residential buildings. He was awarded the posthumous title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
In August 2009, two planes collided while preparing for MAKS. The first plane fell on a holiday village, and the second on a field. The pilot of the first plane died, the pilots of the second plane ejected, but one of them did not have a parachute…
Interesting facts
Main runway LII im. Gromov has a length of 5.5 km. It is recognized as the longest in Europe. At the same time, the concreted area covers an area of 2.5 million m22.
The Buran spacecraft was supposed to land on the LII runway, but another place was chosen. At the same time, life-size technology of the spacecraft was tested here on aerodynamic models.
Since 1992, exhibitions have been held here every year. In odd years, once every two years, the MAKS International Aviation and Space Salon is held here.
OJSC LII Gromov, in addition to being engaged in the study of test aviation, performs the functions of a cargo airfield. The Ministry of Emergency Situations is also located here. Russia.
The research institute includes a research center and the Ramenskoye airfield. Both objects are located in the Moscow region, in the city of Zhukovsky.
To everyone who wants to visit LII them. Gromov, the address is: Moscow region, Zhukovsky, Garnaev street, 2A.
In conclusion, let's say that the scientific organization, which was discussed above, still remains an important object in the country's aviation support system. From the moment of its foundation to the present day, LII them. Gromova sets the bar that everyone else strives to achieve. Separately, it should be said about the huge contribution that FII makes to the development of national aviation.
