At the lessons of the native language, we are taught the correct error-free writing. As soon as first-graders can already read and write most of the letters of the Russian alphabet, they get acquainted with the first orthograms of the Russian language. First of all, they learn the rules "zhi-shi", "chu-shu", "cha-scha".
What causes problems?
, right?
But let's take a closer look at why there is a need to know this rule.
It turns out that the spelling of words with "zhi-shih", "cha-cha", "chu-shu" is closely related to phonetics, that is, to the sounds of speech. This section of the language is very disliked by both children and their parents, who are forced to study with the child. And many simply do not understand what this "phonetic analysis of words" is for and what it gives.
In Russian, there are hard and soft consonants, which they become due to the vowels "e", "e", "ya", "yu", "i", as well as a soft sign.
As an example, let's take the words "mayor and" chalk ". In the first one, the sound [m] is heard, it is hard, in the other word it became soft [m'] thanks to the letter "e", which so affectionately changed its pronunciation.
But there are some letters in the alphabet, the sounds of which can never become soft, and they are always designated as hard. This is [zh], [w], [c], no vowel is able to soften them, they are always pronounced equally firmly: beetle, jury. Try it yourself.
But the sounds [h'], [u'] [y'], on the contrary, are always soft and cannot become harder in any way: honor, hour, miracle, no matter what vowel comes after them.
It is for this reason that children (and not only) often make mistakes in spelling words with such combinations. But think for yourself how you can write the word "giraffe" through "and", because we clearly hear the solid [giraffe]! And take the word "wonderful", how soft and gentle the beginning of the word sounds: [wonderful]. There is no doubt that the letter "u" should be written here. Why the "chu-shu" rule?
It's not for nothing that the Russian language has received the title of one of the most difficult to learn, well, everything can't be so easy here.
Why is that?
We will not go deep into history, but it is important to know that earlier the sounds [w] and [w] were considered soft, and the letter indicated this. And even now whenin modern Russian, letters have acquired only a solid designation of their sound, they did not change the spelling, and now you have to memorize such unusual laws of the language.
Now we just have to stick to the rules "chu-shu", "cha-scha", "zhi-shi", which are still simple compared to other features of our native Russian language.
Someone will not need this information, it is easier for him to memorize and apply the rules in the future, but for those who like to "get to the bottom of the truth", it will be easier to learn the material if they know the origin of orthograms.
How to remember the rule
Any skills and new knowledge require careful consolidation. Very often, children, even having studied the rule "chu-shu", "zhi-shi", "cha-scha", still make mistakes when writing words containing spelling data.
That's why interesting rhymes were invented, like: "zhi-shi write with the letter i". It is very important that children remember and use these rules every time they come across similar words, learn to "see", find and highlight them.
For students to not only name the rules, but also apply them, a reliable way is to practice the rules "cha-cha", "chu-shu", "zhi-shi" in writing.
A teacher or parent can dictate a lot of words containing these combinations, or give a didactic card by type"fill in the missing letter" Such a system will allow children to remember the rules "chu-shu", "cha-scha", "zhi-shi" for sure and never make mistakes again.
This is interesting
By the way, in the Kazakh language, where, just like in Russian, the alphabet is based on the Cyrillic alphabet, there is no such rule, and in words after "zh" and "sh" "s" is written. From this, children often have problems when writing, because their teacher taught in Russian that it is impossible to write "y" in any case, and the Kazakh teacher writes on the blackboard with "mistakes". But most often this affects children who study in Russian, and most of their lives they write and speak their native Kazakh.
