Encyclopedic dictionaries interpret the concept of "alliance" as a union or association of organizations, political parties or states on the basis of stipulated contractual obligations. An alliance is also a community of individuals united with each other to achieve some common goals. Consider the essence of this concept and its types.
Varieties
The meaning of the word "alliance" often implies an alliance between two or more states. But such agreements can also be political, group, national, international cooperative, interstate, strategic, economic, military, family, personal and others.
The essence of associations
In relations between states, alliances are aimed primarily at mutual support of the parties in the presence of a threat of aggression by other powers. They can also be formed to assert any mutual interests.
The closest synonym for the word alliance is union. It is formed between several countries to join forces in the fight againstone, stronger state, threatening their independence. Alliances in such cases are divided into offensive or defensive.
Similar meanings are also such concepts as a coalition, a group, a corporation, an organization, a commonwe alth, an association, an association. An alliance is a political, economic or military-political coalition of several states, created to protect common interests, ensure joint security, coordinated training and defense against another state. In such an alliance, common goals are set and joint actions are determined to achieve them. For example, the anti-Hitler coalition was created, which during the Second World War was an association of peoples and states that opposed the countries of the Nazi bloc.
Interstate alliances
Interstate alliances are formed on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements, pacts, treaties. They can be secret and open, short and long-term, highly organized and simple. Previously, their main focus was victory in the impending war. At the same time, each of the states included in the coalition primarily pursued its own economic, political and military interests. In modern conditions, an interstate alliance is the creation of a commonwe alth, the purpose of which is to achieve an equilibrium in the alignment of forces necessary to ensure the national security of certain powers. An example of such alliances is NATO. This militarythe political bloc was created in 1949 and exists as a "transatlantic forum" for consultation on any issue between the allied countries and deterring any form of aggression that threatens any of its constituent states.
An example of an interstate union is the creation in 2005 of the "Alliance of Civilizations", initiated at the 59th UN General Assembly. The purpose of the association is to intensify actions at the international level against extremism. Conflicts can be resolved through the establishment of intercultural, interethnic and interreligious interaction and dialogue. This alliance pays special attention to reducing friction between the Islamic and Western worlds. He developed the "Group of Friends" network - a growing community, which includes states and international organizations that support the goals of this association.
A promising form of integration
A strategic alliance is an agreement on the cooperation of two or more independent organizations, firms to jointly achieve specific commercial goals and combine complementary and mutually beneficial strategic resources of companies. This is a kind of cooperation between organizations, the purpose of which is to gain access to new markets, technologies and knowledge.
Strategic alliances are already today the most promising forms of company integration. In the 21st century, it is they who will become the most important instrument of competition. The emergence of such alliances is one ofthe fastest ways to solve the global strategy. Their main selling point lies in the cooperation agreement between firms and organizations, which provides for a prospect that goes beyond the usual trading operations, but does not lead to a merger of companies. As a rule, strategic alliances are based either on long-term relationships of partners, or limited to certain contracts.
Such alliances should be distinguished from joint ventures, which involve the creation of new companies through contributions from the assets or business of several individual firms. Such entities conduct their business separately from the corporate owners, but work in their interests. A strategic alliance is an association of two or more companies that are ready to share rewards and possible risks in order to achieve specific, often completely different goals. Strategic alliances are somewhat like a deal. Over the course of their existence, the vast majority of them present to the participants only one requirement - to attract the latest resources. Therefore, an important condition for the successful functioning of the alliance is the provision of financial protection: reliable, and most importantly, permanent sources of financial resources. So at one time the world's automotive giants Toyota Jidosha and Hino Jidosha, Daihatsu Jidosha and Yamaha Jidosha, Daimler-Benz and Chrysler and others united. Their main goal was to seek to reorganize the established shares of the global automotive market and solve the problems that have arisen in it of declining volumes.sales.
System Flexibility
Strategic alliances are open to both suppliers and customers. Alliances can be created on the basis of inter-firm horizontal cooperation, between companies in related fields of activity that have complementary technologies and experience. Commercial organizations are often members of several strategic alliances. This makes them flexible and free for more future-oriented partners, which reduces the uncertainty in their relationship and increases stability in the provision of necessary resources and the distribution of services and products.
Alliances can influence competition. Being created for a certain period, they can painlessly disintegrate after a while, if there is no need to combine them. Legally, they are by far the least restrictive in how they enter the market.
