In complex sentences, in addition to the main clause, there is always a subordinate clause. This second dependent part can play different roles. For example, there is a concessive clause. The features of such offers will be discussed in this article.
Complex sentence with a concessive clause
The Russian language is complex and expressive. To enhance or emphasize the description of some events or phenomena, a complex sentence with a concessive clause is often used. Usually it contains an indication of a certain condition that could prevent the execution of something described in the main part, but despite this, the action is being done, has been done or can be done. That is, the subordinate concessive is a speech construction containing an unworked reason that could interfere with the action, but did not affect it. You should also know that it is part of a complex sentence, and always acts as a dependent one. For example: "Despite the fact that in many states a social program has been developed to help the poor, poor children continue to beg in the transitions." The main part is "poor children continue to beg in the passages."The concession is contained in the sentence "despite the fact that many states have developed a social program to help the poor." This part is dependent, since it cannot exist separately without the main one - the thought is not finished and requires disclosure.
If you turn both parts of a complex sentence into simple equivalent units of speech, you get the following: “Many states have developed a social program to help the poor. Beggar children continue to beg in the passageways.” In principle, the meaning of the statement is preserved, but both sentences are contradictory, which creates some difficulty in understanding the main idea of the author's statement. It is for the most successful understanding of the meaning, for greater expressiveness and creating a vivid image in speech, complex sentences with subordinate concessions are used. Thanks to such constructions, the main idea of the statement acquires greater emotionality and coloring.
Questions answered by the subordinate clause
In the process of parsing complex sentences, one should determine the relationship between its parts. Therefore, it is very important to remember that concessive subordinate clauses answer questions in spite of what? no matter what? in spite of what? and some others. For example: “Contrary to popular belief about the bloodthirstiness of tigers, practice proves otherwise: these animals are able to be sweet, affectionate and obedient, like domestic cats.”
Let's considerconnection: "Practice proves otherwise (contrary to what?) Contrary to popular belief about the bloodthirstiness of tigers." There is a subordinate concession. In a sentence, it comes before the main part, separated by a comma. You should also know that the subordinate concessive applies to everything main. With dependent sentences of another kind, the situation is different. For example, subordinate clauses of place and time refer only to the predicate of the main part, while attributive clauses refer to a noun, pronoun, or word of another part of speech that performs the function of a noun.
Unions for connecting parts in constructions of the type in question
The subordinate clause is attached to the main one with the help of the following unions: despite the fact that, despite the fact that, despite, for nothing that, let, let, though, at least. Such constructions are often found in speech. Examples will help to consider the clause subordinate clause:
1. Even though she was beautiful and smart, no one married a girl.
2. Let it rain outside, there is no reason for children to be locked up!
3. I will fire you, no matter who your spouse is as headmaster!
4. Despite his rapidly deteriorating eyesight, Valentine did not stop his experiments.
5. Although spring was already in full swing, our hen did not want to sit on eggs in any way.
6. Even if the wind knocks you down, even if the snow covered the roads, you still need to go to work.
The appearance of another union "but" in the construction
Sometimes in the main clause, in addition to the already existing union, the word "but" appears in the subordinate clause. The construction can exist in both cases. However, if there is a “but”, punctuation becomes easier, because everyone knows that this union is always preceded by a comma. For comparison, you can give examples similar to those used above: “Even though the wind is knocking you down, even though the roads are covered with snow, you still need to go to work” or “Let it rain outside, but there is no reason for children to be locked up.”
For self-testing, a hint based on the above described method of constructing complex sentences with subordinate concessions is offered. It says: if the union “but” can be substituted into the main part without losing the meaning, then it is required to put a comma before this union. This construction should be defined as a complex sentence with a subordinate clause.
It is necessary to dwell in more detail on the spelling of the unions "despite" and "regardless", as well as list the complex unions that include these words.
Unified and separate writing
If a sentence with a concessive clause includes the words "despite" and "regardless", you need to know that they, the name form of the gerund, are written together with the particle "not". For comparison: "Tanya washed the dishes, not looking towards Valentine." “Despite” in this case is a member of the sentence (circumstance), therefore it is written separately. “Despite feeling unwell, Tanya washed the dishes.” Here the word "despite" is not a member of the sentence, but serves toattachment of a subordinate concession, therefore it is written together.
not”, but in the absence of such, the use of a gerund is observed, which must be used separately from “not”.
Punctuation marks
The construction of conjunctions “despite” and “regardless of” is often used to attach a concessive clause to the main part. Examples: "Despite progress, there are still places on the planet where the standard of living of the population is appallingly low." In such constructions, the union "regardless of" or "despite" is part of the subordinate clause. It should be remembered that the dependent clause is separated from the main clause by a comma.
Signs for conjunctions "despite the fact that" and "despite the fact that"
The extended conjunction construction is often used. Then a comma separation is required. This usually happens when a concessive clause is attached to the main clause with the help of “despite the fact that” or “despite the fact that”. Conjunctions are separated by commas, which are placed before the word "what". For example: “Despite the fact that the couple lived together for more than half a century, they managed to maintain tenderness and mutual understanding.”
Attachment of a subordinate concession with allied words
Along with the unions listed above, there is another way to attach the dependent part of the sentence. For attachment, allied words are often used in combination with the particle “neither”, for example: no matter what, whatever, no matter how much. Usually interrogative-relative pronouns and adverbs play this role.
By the way, the presence of the intensifying particle “neither” once again emphasizes the accentuating role of the subordinate concession, as was mentioned at the beginning of the article. When writing these allied words with particles, “neither” and “not” should not be confused. Examples: "No matter how much Tatyana cried on winter evenings, Evgeny's attitude towards her did not change for the better." We see a complex sentence with a subordinate clause of concession, which is joined by the allied word "how much" with an intensifying particle "neither". "Tatyana did not cry anymore, and Yevgeny's attitude towards her began to change for the better." This is a compound sentence, the particle "not" with the verb is used for negation.
Differences between a subordinate clause of assignment and a separate circumstance of assignment
Sometimes you can find sentence constructions that are extremely similar in meaning. However, when syntactic parsing, they should be distinguished. These are compound sentences, which include dependent concessive clauses, and simple ones, where the concession is expressed using a separate circumstance. The difficulty of distinguishing between these constructions lies in the fact that the dependent part of the complex sentence and the isolated member respond to the samequestion. In order to make this idea more clear, we should refer to examples.
1. “Despite the fact that all the members of the expedition laughed and joked, the feeling of anxiety did not leave Alexei …” A complex sentence with a concessive clause “despite the fact that everyone was laughing and joking”, to which you can ask the following question: “Despite what?” As evidence, we single out the main members of the sentence in this dependent part of the complex: “members of the expedition” - the subject, “joked” and “laughed” - homogeneous predicates.
2. “Despite the laughter and jokes of all the members of the expedition, the feeling of anxiety did not leave Alexei …”. A simple sentence with the subject "feeling of anxiety" and the predicate "did not leave." The concession is present in the isolated circumstance "despite the laughter and jokes of all the members of the expedition", which, like the subordinate clause, answers the question "despite what?"
In order to avoid mistakes when writing texts, you should remember: the subordinate clause of assignment is separated by commas; parts of the unions "despite" and "despite" are written together; with allied words, the intensifying particle “neither” is used.
