Sound-letter analysis of a word is an indispensable part of literacy training. This skill at school begins to form from the first grade and continues throughout the entire period of study. After all, this is the basis of both reading and writing. However, very often such an analysis of the word causes difficulties not only for children, but also for parents. Therefore, let's try to determine what this operation includes, and how to help the child master it better.
If you start working with preschoolers or first graders, then they need, first of all, to determine and correlate the number of letters and sounds. In addition, you need to classify them into vowels and consonants, and the latter, in turn, differentiate into soft and hard, deaf and voiced, etc.
It is very important to explain to children the difference between sound (what we say and hear) and letter (what we read and write). It is better to do this in the form of a game, because in elementary school, motivation for learning is very important.classes. Traditionally, in literacy textbooks, letters are written in different colors. Those that represent vowels are most often depicted in red, while those that represent consonants are blue or green. Modern techniques have also, for the most part, adopted this tradition.
Sound analysis of a word causes difficulties for a secondary school student, if at one time he poorly comprehended the basics of this operation. So, it has been noticed that most of the mistakes in children occur in words where there are letters "b" and "b". The fact is that in Russian they do not designate certain sounds, but serve "separating" purposes (driving, blizzard). Placed after the consonant "b" is an indicator of its softness (stump). In such cases, the number of letters and sounds in the word will, of course, be different. There will be fewer of the latter, because what is designated as Hb in writing will only sound like a soft H' in speech.
Sound-letter analysis of a word begins with determining the number of syllables in it, as well as the ratio of letters and sounds. The latter in the letter are enclosed in square brackets. So, let's try to look at the analysis on the example of the word "letter".
This word has 2 syllables: letter. There are 6 letters here, and there will be 5 sounds. Next, we analyze and characterize each of them separately.
The letter "P" is a consonant, denoted by a dull sound, which in this case is soft. "I", the vowel, is in an unstressed position. "C" - consonant sound, soft (indicated in writing with "b"),deaf. "M" - consonant, voiced, hard. "O" - vowel, is in a stressed position.
Over time, the sound-letter analysis of the word becomes more complicated, and then such tasks are given as "WASH", "BLIND", etc., in which E, E, Yu, I include two sounds at once. I must say that these cases cause difficulties for many students. Therefore, it is necessary to remember such situations. This includes words when E, E, Yu, I are directly at the beginning of the word, as well as after b and b or a vowel.
Before you make a sound-letter analysis of a word, you must pronounce it out loud. You should not automatically translate letters into sounds, as this can lead to errors. Don't start right away with the hard cases. To begin with, the child must learn elementary things and bring them to automatism. You also need to remember that the characteristic is given not to letters, but to sounds.
