History 2024, November

World history contains a huge number of events, names, dates, which are placed in several tens or even hundreds of different textbooks. Different authors have different views on certain circumstances, but they are united by facts that must be told one way or another

The famous Thursdays of Princess Elena Pavlovna were for the progressive minds of Russia a place that would now be called a social platform. Well, the princess herself played the role of a top-level content manager. All the great reforms of that time began with discussions right there, in the Mikhailovsky Palace. The abolition of serfdom, including

Few of the heroes of Russian history have undergone such artistic deformation as Count Alexei Grigoryevich Orlov. A lot of people worked on this deformation: artists, writers, filmmakers. Well, for example, Nikolai Eremenko succeeded in this - a wonderful actor in the image of a sinister heartthrob and the destroyer of an innocent darling Princess Tarakanova … Meanwhile, the person was unique

Candies in the USSR were one of the main treats that Soviet children could afford. They were given for the holidays, they were treated to birthdays, on weekends parents spoiled their kids with delicious sweets that were not always easy to get. Of course, the variety of sweets was not as great as it is now, but the most famous and successful brands have survived to this day and are still popular. Let's talk about some of them

This device has become so familiar to us today that we cannot even imagine that when humanity could exist without it. We are talking about such an ordinary, but vital device as a traffic light. Let's learn more about the history of the appearance of this device in the world and in the USSR, and also consider its types

Questions about the origin of power have been worrying historians, political scientists and philosophers for many hundreds of years. When and under what conditions did the hierarchy arise? What is the reason for the necessity of subordinating people to each other?

The guerrilla movement is an integral part of a protracted military conflict. The detachments, in which people were united by the idea of the liberation struggle, fought on an equal footing with the regular army, and in the case of a well-organized leadership, their actions were highly effective and largely decided the outcome of the battles

Many of us are familiar with the phrase "Religion is the opium of the people." Often people use it in their everyday speech, but not everyone thinks about its authorship. And yet, who first said these words? And why are they so widespread?

He is known as one of the most controversial personalities in the history of England, the founder of the long-lasting royal line of Tudors. It was he, Henry VII, who ended the long-term Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). He established peace for a long, by the standards of those years, 24 years

M. S. Gorbachev, with his characteristic eloquence, explained to the "ordinary people" crowded around him that perestroika meant that everyone did their own thing. A natural question arose: what did everyone do before 1985? But highly experienced Soviet citizens did not ask him

Lenya Golikov is one of the heroes of his country who made a considerable contribution to achieve victory in the Great Patriotic War. The feat of Leni Golikov, a summary of which is described in this article, was evaluated with the Gold Star medal and the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In many publications, Leonid Golikov is referred to as a pioneer, and he is on a par with the same fearless young personalities as Marat Kazei, Vitya Korobkov, Valya Kotik, Zina Portnova

There are a large number of unique people in the history of the world. They were simple children, often brought up in poverty, and did not know good manners. It was these people who changed the course of history dramatically, leaving behind only ashes

Poneva is a swing skirt, part of the Russian women's national costume. A variety of embroidery, patterned fabric and bright combinations of red, blue, white and green colors made this skirt a real work of arts and crafts

In terms of equality and stability, Sweden is perhaps one of the most exemplary democracies in the world. Created by Carl Gustav XVI, the monarchy and the royal family in this country have fairly strong roots and great public support

In recent years, Thailand has become one of the favorite holiday destinations of many Russians. They are attracted by the magnificent beaches of this country, its rich cultural heritage and the abundance of exotic fruits. At the same time, only a few are familiar with the history of the state of Thailand. This article will help fill this gap

Francis 1 of Valois ruled his state for a long 32 years. During these years, thanks to his love of art, the Renaissance came to France. At the same time, his internal policy significantly strengthened the absolutist features of royal power. This controversial monarch and his manner of government will be discussed in this article

According to the French themselves, in the novels of the sword and sword, Alexandre Dumas gave the most impartial portrait of King Louis XIII. This is a weak, and weak-willed, and changeable, and cold, and cruel, and avaricious sovereign, who is in the shadow of the great Cardinal Richelieu. But in fact, this little-known ruler, if you look closely at him, can overshadow the glory of both his father Henry IV and the son of Louis XIV

Today, almost every person daily encounters the concept of "reform". This already familiar word sounds from the mouths of politicians, radio and TV presenters, and also constantly appears in books, the media and other sources. What does this concept mean and what are its types?

Russia repaid the debt of the USSR on March 21, 2017. This was stated by Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation Sergei Storchak. The last state to which our country owed money was Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Soviet debt amounted to just over 125 million US dollars. According to official data, it will be redeemed in a one-time transaction within 45 days. Thus, by May 5, 2017, our country will completely get rid of the obligations of the Soviet past

Ancient Mayan civilization that disappeared left a large number of mysteries and secrets for descendants. These tribes, who had extensive knowledge in astronomy, mathematics and cosmology, were among the most developed on the entire South American continent

The conditions for the emergence of capitalism in Russia (an economic system based on private property and freedom of enterprise) developed only in the second half of the 19th century. As in other countries, it did not appear from scratch

Colonial empires arose after the Europeans discovered new parts of the world, including America and the sea route to India. The key powers of the Old World divided the world among themselves, creating an international trading system and giving people the opportunity to move to other continents

The article will tell the story of the Novgorod cross, how this symbol appeared, as well as its meaning. The key points in the formation of the reputation of the emblem, the formation of influence on nationalities in the past and present are given

Political repression is a rather cruel and bloody period in the history of the fatherland. It falls at a time when Joseph Stalin was at the head of the country. Victims of political repression in the USSR are millions of people convicted and sentenced to imprisonment or execution

There are many theories about how man came into being. How did our ancestors live? Who were they? There are a lot of questions, and the answers, unfortunately, are ambiguous. Well, let's try to figure out where man came from and how he lived in ancient times

Mark Cato the Elder managed to change several occupations during his long life. In his youth he was a budding military man, in his maturity he became an orator and politician, and he met his old age as a writer and thinker

Pangea is a continent that we know about based only on the hypotheses and assumptions of scientists. This name was given to the mainland that existed since the birth of our planet, which, according to the hypotheses of the geological past of the Earth, was the only one and was washed on all sides by an ocean called Panthalassa

Theropod dinosaurs are representatives of a detachment of bipedal carnivorous dinosaurs. But it is also a suborder of lizards. They lived in prehistoric times, in the Mesozoic era, starting from the Triassic period. The heyday of their life fell on the Jurassic and Cretaceous period, the latter became the sunset of the life of all dinosaurs

Mauthausen concentration camp: a detailed description of the creation, order, camp system. Where to find a list of prisoners, what tortures were used, escape

One of the most important machines is the lathe. The USSR actively used this device during the Great Patriotic War and during the periods of five-year plans. Now young people do not even really understand why this car is needed. In this article we will analyze what a lathe is, what it is used for, what lathes were in the USSR

There are a lot of weirdos among us who make this world less boring. Dr. Haider, an astrophysicist from America, belongs to the category of unique personalities. To be more precise, this man had no signs of eccentricity, which cannot be said about those who tried to present him as such to the public

For a long time, the bowels of the earth puzzled people with some finds. Often among those were stones with through holes, which could not appear randomly in natural conditions. In the people, they were called "fingers of the witch" or "devil's stones"

It's been a little more than half a century since the man-made disaster that occurred in the capital of Soviet Ukraine. It can be said with full confidence that almost none of today's youth knows the Kurenevskaya tragedy of 1961

Berlin has the honor of becoming the capital of a state that is one of the world's leaders. In terms of the number of residents, this settlement ranks 2nd in the EU, and in terms of the territory it occupies, it is in 5th position. The city is located in the central part of the federal state of Brandenburg, on one of the banks of the Spree River. Therefore, it is not surprising that the coat of arms of Berlin is known to many people

In the Great Patriotic War, people fought at the forefront, worked in the rear, set records in industrial production and agriculture. All forces were directed only to victory. Mothers sent their husbands and sons to the front, hoping for a speedy return and victory. Years of waiting dragged on. This is a real feat of mothers

The history of Moldova from ancient times to the present day proves that its hardworking, proud people had an original culture, statehood, an independent path of development

What do you remember about Prince Vyazemsky Pyotr Andreevich? His brief biography can be expressed in a few words: a famous Russian prince, critic and poet. Graduated from the Petersburg Academy. Petr Andreevich became the first chairman of the Russian Historical Society, and was its co-founder. Well-known statesman, friend of A.S. Pushkin. Pyotr Andreevich became an outstanding personality of the golden age

Calendars in the history of mankind, there were a huge variety. One of them was Julian. It was used by Europeans until 1582, and then was replaced by the order of Gregory XIII - the Pope of Rome - with the Gregorian calendar. And the reason turned out to be good: the Julian date sinned with inaccuracy

By the second half of the 13th century, Moscow lands were an inconspicuous fiefdom, incomparable in size and significance with the richer and more extensive principalities in Russia. In 1272, they were inherited by the eleven-year-old prince Daniil Alexandrovich, who managed the affairs of this region until his death, that is, until 1303

The Naimans are a strong militant tribe of Turkic or Mongolian origin, who roamed the territory of Central Asia in the Middle Ages. They became participants in the ethnic history of many peoples, in particular the Mongols, Kirghiz, Karakalpaks, Nanais, Tatars, Khazars and Buryats