History 2025, February

During the Afghan war, another bureaucratic instruction appeared that forbade opening the zinc coffin. Its implementation was entrusted to the military registration and enlistment offices, which found it difficult to cope with this task. Having lost their son, mother and father were no longer afraid of anything and no one. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In June 1948, the Soviet Union completely blocked the communication of West Berlin with other parts of the city by water and land. The United States and Great Britain supplied the city with more than two million civilians with food for almost eleven months. This humanitarian operation was called "air bridge". Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The establishment of the Order of Secret Affairs (the year of formation approximately 1653), initiated by Alexei Mikhailovich Quiet, pursued two goals. On the one hand, it was used as an individual office of the sovereign. On the other hand, the Order of Secret Affairs acted as a state body that accepted cases from other departments of management. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

One of the most common types of melee weapons is stabbing. It was in service with mankind from different countries and eras. It is not obsolete even today, perfectly coping with the tasks. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of England in the 17th century is a time of troubles and severe upheavals. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 also belongs to this period. Many researchers consider this event to be the main event in the history of Great Britain. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Known facts about the historian of philosophy Diogenes Laertes. The main work of the biographer. It is thanks to a treatise of 10 books that the knowledge of philosophers who lived and developed their teachings even before our era has reached the present day. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Ryadovichi - who is it, what is their role in the social system of Kievan Rus? This question is asked not only by secondary school students, but also by historians, since there is not so much information about the social system of Russia. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Ivan Ivanovich Krasny, or Ivan 2, was one of the representatives of the family of the Grand Dukes. He was born in Moscow on March 30, 1326. He was the second son of Ivan 1 Kalita and Princess Elena - the first wife of the king. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article is devoted to a brief review of the biography and reign of the Moscow prince Semyon Ivanovich Proud. The work indicates the main events of his reign. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic lasted 14 years. It was she who became one of the republics participating in the establishment of the USSR. The creation of the TSFSR was dictated by the political need to preserve and strengthen Soviet power in the Transcaucasus, to strengthen ties between Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan in the early stages of creating a new state of the USSR. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In the history of human development, scientists consider the emergence of statehood to be one of the most important stages. This process practically brought people out of the period of prehistory to a new leap in development, bringing them closer to such a concept as “civilization”. However, one should not forget that before the first state was formed, the society went through the stage of chiefdom, or proto-state. This is a very important period in which the main features of statehood were formed. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Domestic cosmonautics knows a large number of outstanding personalities. But among them, the Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov stands out. First of all, he is known for being the first person who was not afraid to go into outer space. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Yevpatoria is a city of regional importance in the Crimea. It serves as the administrative center of the municipality of Evpatoria, one of the regions of Crimea. The population of the city is 105,719 people (2014 census). For more than twenty years Evpatoria was a Ukrainian city, now it is part of the Republic of Crimea of the Russian Federation. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Another attempt to figure out why Napoleon was waiting for the keys to the Kremlin on Poklonnaya Gora, what his role in history is, how modernity interprets the words "Napoleonism", "Napoleon", "France". Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Speaking of Paris, one would like to rephrase the famous phrase: “Paris is the biggest box of chocolates, each of which is amazing and unpredictable, because you never know what filling will be inside. It can be viscous, sugary-sweet or, conversely, bitter - it doesn’t matter. The main thing is not to stop, keep moving forward along endless cobbled streets along small boutiques, old-fashioned bistros, flirtatious gardens, because you need to be in time before … see Paris and die!”. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The most exciting adventure of all mankind began in the middle of the 20th century, shortly after the end of the main tragedy of the century - World War II. A revolution took place that captured the minds and souls of people from different countries, and the first conquerors of space of the 20-21st century appeared. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Gettysburg Address, delivered by US President Abraham Lincoln, is considered one of the most brilliant examples of brilliant rhetoric. What is it famous for, where was it pronounced and when? Let's try to find answers to these questions. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The concept of "temporarily liable peasant" appeared along with the abolition of serfdom in 1861. What rights did yesterday's serf get?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Despite the fact that the war of battleships is already a thing of the past, we continue to admire these beauties of steel, who for a long time bore the nickname "masters of the seas". Appearing in the second half of the 19th century, these iron monsters inspired fear and awe for several decades in a row. One of the last such ships that left a noticeable mark on naval history was the battleship Missouri. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

As a young girl, Caroline, Princess of Monaco, was the subject of constant media attention due to her flighty demeanor. She always wanted to go her own way, not wanting to be subject to any conventions. She had many novels, but Carolina never became happy in love, despite her exquisite beauty and high position. Stormy youth is behind, now this beautiful woman is a real high society lady and an example of style and elegance. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

This article contains information about the medal "For military valor": to whom and for what merits it was awarded before and is being awarded at the present time. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The biography of Sultan Suleiman is one of the most interesting among the biographies of the Eastern rulers. He was the tenth ruler of the Ottoman Empire. Today, this ruler is not only known in the world, but also enjoys popular respect in modern Turkey. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Hyurrem Sultan, whose biography is known to many people in Europe and even more popular in the Slavic world, was born in Western Ukraine. This happened in the small settlement of Rohatyn in the early years of the 16th century. An astute reader has probably already guessed that the article will focus on the famous Roksolana. Exactly ! Life Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska Sultan - a biography of Roksolana. As it was known in the East and in the West, respectively. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Gogol Maria Ivanovna - the mother of the famous writer. She was born into a family of landowners in the Poltava region and was a real beauty. Her parents married her very early - at the age of fourteen, the girl became the legal wife of a man who was twice her age. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Crusades were an important milestone in the history of medieval Europe, and thanks to them the geography of states has changed in many ways. The crusades had an impact on the culture and economy of the states subject to the crusaders. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Sadako Sasaki is a symbol of human rejection of the insanity of nuclear war. This twelve-year-old girl really wanted to live. The tragedy that occurred in the country deprived her of this opportunity. People who survived the nuclear bombing in Hiroshima and Nagasaki gradually faded around. But Sadako didn't want to believe that the same would happen to her. She hoped that if she made a thousand paper cranes, she would stay with her mother and her family. But there was not enough time: she made only 644 figurines. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

He was vilified abroad, but the church remained merciful and gave this man comfort, and he, in turn, took advantage of it. But the cruel world continued to haunt him until Sergei Romanov was brutally murdered. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of the Romodanovsky railway station dates back to an industrial and art exhibition held on the eve of the 20th century, after which a project was developed to create a railway line connecting Nizhny Novgorod with Kazan. According to the planned plan, the paths ran along the Oka, without crossing the river, and the station was located near the pier, here were the mills of the merchants Bashkirovs and Degtyarevs. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

At the very end of the 19th century, Princess Zinaida Nikolaevna Yusupova commissioned a painting from the increasingly popular artist Serov. More precisely, paintings, since she needed portraits of all members of her family. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The 1965 Washington Convention is one of the most important sources of international investment law. The purpose of the Convention is to create a special body to resolve international investment disputes between states and private investors. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Third Reich (German for "empire", "state" and even "kingdom") is the German Empire, which lasted from 1933 to 1945. After the National Socialist Party came to power under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, the Weimar Republic fell and was replaced by the Third Reich. Secrets, riddles and secrets of its rulers still excite the minds of mankind. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Reform of labor, or universal labor service - what is it? This is a special set of activities of the government of the RSFSR, which were carried out at the beginning of the twentieth century. Its essence was to involve in compulsory labor every able-bodied citizen of the country. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about Pyotr Markovich Koshka, a Russian sailor who became one of the most famous heroes of the defense of Sevastopol during the Crimean War of 1853-1856. A brief overview of the main events of his life is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Time of Troubles can be briefly described as a decline. This era went down in history as the years of natural disasters, crisis - economic and state, the intervention of foreigners. This stagnation lasted from 1598 to 1612. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The third industrial revolution that scientists have been talking about seems to have already begun. The world is again on the threshold of global changes. We can safely say that the changes will take place not at the will of the peoples and politicians, but as a result of the need to confront the impending crisis of public and private financial institutions. This is facilitated by increasing competition from developing countries. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article describes the theoretical definition of carpet bombing and provides examples of the use of this strategy in the Second World War and after it. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What could be worse than war, when hundreds of thousands of people die for the interests of politicians and those in power. And all the more terrible are protracted military conflicts, during which people get used to living in conditions where death can overtake them at any moment, and human life has no value. This is exactly what the Hundred Years War was, the causes, stages, results and biographies of the actors of which deserve careful study. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Maxim Litvinov - Stalin's People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the period of relatively benevolent relations between the USSR and the West. He was fired on the eve of the rapprochement between the Soviet Union and Germany. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Vyacheslav Molotov was his faithful right hand for almost the entire time of Stalin's rule. It was he who signed the famous non-aggression pact with Germany and was the executor of the important orders of the leader. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The USSR pilot-cosmonaut Alexei Leonov made the first spacewalk in the history of cosmonautics. And although Leonov's spacewalk was very short-lived, it was still a real feat. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01